“物业”一词的前世今生

当代汉语中的"物业"一词来自香港中文,但是内地和香港在这个词的义项和用法上已经有明显分化。文章梳理各种语文词典对"物业"一词的收录和义项处理情况,结合古今汉语实例,追溯普通话中"物业"一词的来源及意义演变的动因和机制,发现"物业"一词在汉语里古已有之,在普通话中沉寂数十年后,受香港中文的影响而"复活",并在转喻、感染等机制的作用下,先后产生出基于物业管理的新义项,而其词源义项(房产)却在内地并不彰显,因为该义项在内地汉语词库中已有现成强势词项,而物业管理类义项则是内地新生的语义,从而吸引词项向这一义项聚焦。

“物业”并非新词

大部分人认为"物业"是一个新词.如<现代汉语词典>(2002修订版)将它收录在"新词新义"部分,解释为"多指房地产(如公寓、办公楼等)."

老龄化背景下“物业+养老”服务的运营困境及改进路径

在人口老龄化不断深入的背景下,“物业+养老”服务模式作为社区居家养老创新形式,可发挥自身地缘优势,为老年人提供特色化的服务。通过探究“物业+养老”的运营模式,发现其在服务非专业性与专业性之间、企业营利性与公益性之间、物业与业主群体之间出现多种矛盾,服务可得性也受老年人自身条件影响。基于以上困境,提出优化政策与监管、引入专业化服务、合理制定标准及多方协作等改进路径,推动完善“物业+养老”服务,以满足广大老年人的多样化需求。

“物业+养老”模式发展困境与优化

“物业服务+养老服务”是对居家社区养老的创新与发展,是家庭养老的补充。该模式通过将物业服务企业的基础资源与专业养老服务资源进行整合,嵌入社区环境中,连接养老服务需求方与养老服务供给方,确保将养老资源更为充分合理高效送达到每一位有需要的老年人手中。当前我国“物业+养老”服务仍处初期发展阶段,面临诸如运营模式不清晰、服务专业性欠缺、专业人才匮乏、公众认知度偏低等发展困境,亟须明确自身定位,以激发内生力、丰富服务内容、完善人才队伍体系、提高公众认同感来优化与完善服务模式,释放“物业+养老”服务潜力。

政府代建的高校基建工程保修模式探讨--以深圳某高校为例

文章针对政府专业建设机构代建的高校基建工程保修工作中出现的问题,找出现行“物业→施工”工程保修模式的缺陷和不足,剖析问题产生的原因,探索解决问题的方法和措施,提出“施工型物业”工程保修模式,以谋求最快捷、最经济、最有效的工程保修模式并将其作为解决方案,提升高校建筑的使用效率,满足师生对空间使用的需求,为政府代建的高校基建工程建设与保修工作提供参考思路。

基于层次分析法的“物业+养老”的策略优选——以安徽省合肥市为例

实地调研安徽省合肥市67个住宅小区,从物业公司开展为老服务的内外部条件两个因素出发,对6大类为老服务进行组合权重的计算并排序,运用层次分析法得出文化娱乐类、紧急援助类、生活照料类这大三类为老服务是物业公司在现有的资源条件下能开展的满足老年业主需求的关键服务。对结果进行评价,提出物业公司应主动克服自身资源不足的困难、国家和政府对“物业+养老”要有政策支持、院校应该加大养老类人才的培养等建议,以促进我国养老事业的发展。

Overview on Soil Compaction and Sugar Beet Growth

With the advancement of agricultural mechanization,soil compaction has become a serious environmental problem.Soil compaction can increase soil bulk density and firmness,reduce porosity and permeability,and deteriorate soil structure,ultimately inhibit sugar beet growth and reduce both root yield and sugar content.However,few farmers recognize the link between soil compaction and these adverse effects.Soil compaction has a cumulative effect,with significant differences observed in the vertical range of compaction accumulation.The most significant soil compaction occurs in the topsoil of 0-10 cm,and the influence depth can reach 70 cm,but it is small in deep soil,and the inflection point is at a soil depth of 10 cm.The degree of soil compaction is related to soil type,water content,tractor shaft load,tyre type,tyre pressure and operation speed,etc.Therefore,in the production process of sugar beet,it is advisable to avoid high-humidity operations,use low pressure tyres,reduce the number of tractor-units passes over the farmland,and implement agricultural and agronomic measures to minimize soil compaction.These practices will help protect the soil environment and ensure sustainable production of sugar beets.

城镇化背景下治安治理社会化的探索与创新——以钱江世纪城派出所“物业联席会”创建为例

治安治理社会化的核心是社会力量的参与。从宋代的民治传统到建国以来的政策与实践探索,从警务社会化、治安管理社会化到治安社会化、社会治安社会化治理等概念的相继提出,构成了治安治理社会化的演进脉络。治安治理社会化的本质是治安秩序维护的多元化,强调多元化共治、过程性理念与互动性思维的有机统一。杭州市公安局萧山区分局以“物业联席会”机制创建为载体,整合社会资源,激发社会组织活力,为治安治理社会化提供了更多可能的路径。借鉴“物业联席会”的创建经验,城镇化背景下的治安治理社会化应坚持党委组织领导,协同推进组织载体创新、联动机制创新与智慧化手段运用相融合。

探索“物业+养老”社区居家养老模式高质量发展之路

“物业+养老”社区居家养老模式倡导长者在自身常住的小区里享受物业提供的养老服务,这是一种以政府为主导、以家庭为核心、以小区为依托且不同于家庭养老和机构养老的创新模式。“物业+养老”社区居家养老模式的探索和发展,是提升社区适老化服务有效供给的关键环节,有效丰富长者日益多元化的现实需要,着力破解空巢、独居、高龄、失能老年人生活照料和长期照护等难题。本文从物业服务公司的视角作为切入点,分析如何推动“物业+养老”居家社区养老服务模式的高质量发展。

“物业服务+养老服务”模式现状、问题与对策研究——以西安市为例

本文通过对西安地区的小区物业走访调查、发放网络调查问卷的形式,对物业管理层、物业老年人群体、老年人子女进行“物业服务+养老服务”模式相关问题的深入调研,从物业、业主、社会三个层面了解当前“物业+养老服务”模式的现状,收集当前该模式推广遇到的如物业服务压力大、盈利风险系数高、业主缺乏对物业的信任、社会层面对于固有养老模式的依赖等实际问题,同时,本文对该模式现有的困境进行了总结与分析,提出了相应的建议与对策,积极探索如何形成具有广泛推广意义的“物业服务+养老服务”模式。

Development Strategies for Modern Agricultural Logistics in Xi'an Based on Systematic Diynamics

[Objective] The devlopmental stratagies for modern agricultural logistics industry in Xi’an were studied based on system dynamics.[Method] By dint of system dynamics,reality analysis and relevant data were applied to support the exploration of each factor for the development of modern agricultural logistics industry.In the meantime,according to the concrete data,the systematic dynamics model was set up based on the third party logistics and Xi’an agricultural economy cooperation.In addition,each influencing factor was expounded.[Result] The agricultural production,logistics requirement and logistics supply in Xi’an City were increasing;the idea of reducing the cost through improving agricultural logistics requirement was not ideal;the increasing input to agricultural logistics can reduce cost and can promote the development of economy;the third party increasing investment can reduce cost and accelerate economic development.[Conclusion] It provided theoretical basis for the adjustment of economic structure.

Integrated logistics facilities network design for 3PLS under uncertainty

According to the operational characteristics of the logistics networks for the third party logistics supplier （3PLS）, the forward and reverse logistics networks together for 3PLS under the uncertain environment are designed. First, a fuzzy model is proposed by taking multiple customers, multiple commodities, capacitated facility location and integrated logistics facility layout into account. In the model, the fuzzy customer demands and transportation rates are illustrated by triangular fuzzy numbers. Secondly, the fuzzy model is converted into a crisp model by applying fuzzy chance constrained theory and possibility theory, and one hybrid genetic algorithm is designed for the crisp model. Finally, two different examples are designed to illustrate that the model and solution discussed are valid.

A Mode Research of Straw Recycling Based on Circular Agriculture Theory

Recycling of crop residues resources has become an urgent problem to be addressed in agriculture and rural areas of China.Compared to single use patterns of crop residues resources,crop residues circular agriculture characterized by multi-grade utilization and recycling is more important to improve the added value of crop residues,to enhance product market competitiveness,and to promote scale development and industrialization of crop residues recycling.This paper discussed the basic principles of the development of crop residues circular agriculture mode,and summarized five main crop residues circular agriculture mode.

Property of Dual-purposed Maca Powder as Medicine and Food

[Objective] The aim was to research property of maca and three plants＇ powders and process parameters of compound maca direct compression. [Method] Based on analysis data from SAS, bulk density, tap density, angle of repose and swelling of powders were studied as per single factor method and orthogonal exper- imental design. [Result] The test indicated that fillibilities of plant A and B, and maca powders are better and flowability plays an important role in fractional close of compound maca powder; plant A and B powders have a significant effect on bulk density of maca （P=0.0125）, an extremely significant effect on swelling volume ratio （P=0.008 9） and little effect on tap density （g/ml）; the optimal process condition of compound maca powder is as follows： A at 0.15 share; B at 0.10 share; C at 0.05 share; the optimal swelling volume ratio is at 2.459. [Conclusion] The technology is reasonable in formulation and satisfactory in fillibility, swelling ability, flowability, and it could serve as theoretical basis for the industrial production of maca tablets.

Advances in Microbial Remediation on the Application of Heavy Metal Pollution in Agricultural Water Resources

Heavy metal pollution in agricultural water resources is very serious in re- cent years, resulting in large losses of the agricultural economy and endangering human life and health. Due to the advantages of low cost, high efficiency and less secondary pollution, microbial ramediation technology is widely used in the treatment of heavy metal pollution in agricultural water resources. At present, with the progress of modern biotechnology, microbial remediation of heavy metals in agricul- tural water resources has grown rapidly. The sources and status quo of heavy met- al pollution in agricultural water resources at home and aboard, and the principles of microbial remediation of heavy metals pollution in agricultural water resources were reviewed in this paper, as well as the several common microbial remediation technology of heavy metals in agricultural water resources. Additionally, the further research work of heavy metal contaminated agricultural water resources by microbial ramediation were prospected.

A discussion on producing agro-residue composites with isocyanate resins

With the urgent shortage of forest resource in China, using agro-residues as raw materials of composite become increasingly important. Agro-residue is the most potential fiber resource, which is helpful to sustainable development of composite industries in China. Based on a great deal of researches, this paper summarized and discussed some problems in using agro-residues as raw materials of composites, including raw material preparation, hot-pressing, bonding technology, preventing composite from going moldy. It is proposed that to manufacture the composite of rice straws or wheat straws, the isocayante resin is a suitable adhesive, and the appropriate technologies, bonding, and treatment measures are also needed.

Research Advances in Agricultural Reutilization of Urban-rural Organic Wastes

The author summarized the advantages and potential risks of urban-rural organic wastes agricultural reutilization to reduce the potential risks of urban-rural organic wastes agricultural utilization. The results showed that： the organic wastes generated in urban-rural life as fertilizer applied into farmland made an impact on soil properties, then indirectly affected the soil microbial biomass and soil enzymes activities. In addition, the heavy metals in organic wastes would accumulate in the soil and damage to soil environment. Therefore, it was necessary to make a long- term research on the environment of soil which agricultural utilized of wastes.

Comparison on Methods.for Extracting DNA from Pteridophyta

[ Objective] The aim was to study method for extracting DNA from pteridophyta and provide basis for further study on genetic diversity and taxonomy. [ Method] By changing the dosage of reagent and operating method, CTAB method for extracting DNA was improved. [ Result] The results showed that the improved CTAB method could extract high-quality DNA from pteridophyta. [ Conclusion] The study improved method for extracting DNA from pteridophyta.

Effects of Different Agricultural Managements on Characteristics of Soil Microbial Community under Continuous Cropped Strawberry(Fragaria ananassa Duchesne)

[Objective] The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different agricultural managements on soil microbial population,activity,functional diversity and soil enzyme activity in continuous mono-cropping field of strawberry.[Method]A field plot experiment was carried out to evaluate characteristics of soil microbial community by soil enzyme analysis,microbial cultivation and Biolog analysis.[Result]The results showed that bacteria population proportion,the ration of bacteria to fungi,microorganism amount,AWCD,soil dehydrogenase activity,the Shannon,Simpson,and Mcintosh indices of soil microbial communities were obviously increased under strawberry-rice rotation,soil solarization with rice bran,and calcium cyanamide（CaCN2）treatments,in addition,soil urease activity was significantly increased under strawberry-rice rotation and soil solarization with rice bran treatment,when compared with no fertilization.When compared with conventional fertilization treatment,strawberry-rice rotation and soil solarization with rice bran both significantly increased AWCD and Mcintosh index of soil microbial communities,meanwhile respectively increased soil urease and dehydrogenase activity.PCA analyses suggested that carbon utilization of soil microbial communities under strawberry-rice rotation,soil solarization with rice bran,and calcium cyanamide treatment was obviously different from that of conventional fertilization and no fertilization treatment.[Conclusion] strawberry-rice rotation and soil solarization with rice bran were effective agricultural managements to control soil biological degradation under Continuous Cropped Strawberry.

Research on shipbuilding production logistics system combining MRP-Ⅱ with JIT

Shipbuilding production management and logistics control are studied so as to find an advanced shipbuilding production logistics management style.The necessity and feasibility to integrate MRP-Ⅱ(manufacture resource planning)and JIT(just-in-time)are researched properly following the comparison of MRP-Ⅱ and JIT and the analysis of shipbuilding production characteristics.A shipbuilding logistics system combining MRP-Ⅱ with JIT is set up and discussed according to a master production schedule(MPS),MRP and workshop-floor production control.The system is able to simplify the shipbuilding production plan,balance the workshop production,stabilize the supply,and inspire positivity and creativity so as to raise the shipbuilding production management level.