Feminism generally agree that their goals are to expose patriarchal premises and resulting prejudices, to promote discovery and reevaluation of literature by women, and to examine social, cultural, and psychosexual co...Feminism generally agree that their goals are to expose patriarchal premises and resulting prejudices, to promote discovery and reevaluation of literature by women, and to examine social, cultural, and psychosexual contexts of literature and literary criticism. comparatively speaking; British Feminist criticism emphasizes the women＇s self-awareness, social critical function and prefers traditional realistic techniques. While American feminism approaches focuses on self-expression and feminine identity.展开更多
This study endeavours to assess the deliberate distortion of historical memory in two works written in different periods of time by the same author, namely Vedat Kokona with the novel Me Valet e let,s （With the Waves...This study endeavours to assess the deliberate distortion of historical memory in two works written in different periods of time by the same author, namely Vedat Kokona with the novel Me Valet e let,s （With the Waves of Life） published in the 1960s, as well as his own autobiography Endur ne Tisin e Kohes （Woven in the Veil of Time）, which was written and published after the 1990s. The novel was written under the censorship conditions of social realism, and consequently the stance toward historical war figures was shaped by the ideological prism： ＂Enver Hoxha leads the war, opponents like Lumo Skendo collaborate with the enemy, and the indifferent intelligentsia must feel blameworthy for their non-engagement with the communists＂. This scheme apparently collapses after the 1990s, when Kokona took it upon himself to narrate his autobiography, in the abridgment entitled Woven in the Veil of Time. Therein is revealed his realistic assessment of the figures of Enver Hoxha, Lumo Skendo, Ernest Koliqi, etc. Freed at the time from the chains of ideological censure, in his memoirs, Kokona discusses these historical characters. Supplied with individual human sensitivity, facing good and evil, he reflects upon the past, with the consciousness of the intellectual who has witnessed an era permeated with major changes.展开更多
The Tu nationality （also called ＂Tu people＂ or ＂Tus＂ in the paper）, one of the multiple ethnic minorities in the Hehuang Region （河湟地区） between Gansu （甘肃） and Qinghai （青海） Provinces in the northwest...The Tu nationality （also called ＂Tu people＂ or ＂Tus＂ in the paper）, one of the multiple ethnic minorities in the Hehuang Region （河湟地区） between Gansu （甘肃） and Qinghai （青海） Provinces in the northwest China, has no written language of their own, but has already created the abundant and varied colorful literary genres. Since the 1980s, folktales, as the main literary product popular in the region, have received literary criticisms and reviews from scholars and researchers in China, based on the socialist realism dominant in China in the 20th century that emphasized more on contents, motifs and even ideological significance. So far, no breakthroughs have been made in their studies even if some young scholars have tried from the formalist viewpoints. Therefore, this paper attempts to make a morphological analysis of the Tus＇ folktales by adopting Propp＇s theories, trying to find out the morphological narrative model beneath the language level of the folktales. Through the studies, we can see that collective awareness bonded by kinship is more emphasized in Tus＇ culture, and almost all tales end with good defeating evil. Therefore, the studies of these folktales will help us deep understand Tus＇ psychological conditions and positive cultural life.展开更多
As a literary slogan given to a special meaning by history, ‘reality＇ has constituted a dominant clue in the evolution of the ideological trend of realism in 20th Century Chinese Literature. In the ‘New Literature ...As a literary slogan given to a special meaning by history, ‘reality＇ has constituted a dominant clue in the evolution of the ideological trend of realism in 20th Century Chinese Literature. In the ‘New Literature Movement＇ of May 4th Movement,‘reality＇, as the characterization of scientific rationality spirit and an imposition on the description of the objective reality, has been incorporated into the perspective of Modern Chinese literature： In the 1950s and 1960s, it protested to obtain an independent literary discourse as a saving weapon; in the early 1980s, it‘restored＇ realism as a theory starting point of ‘re-enlightenment＇. In the late 1980s, with the conversion of historical context, and the subversion and reconstruction of Western ‘refer to＇ concept to ＂reality＂ concept of traditional epistemology, ‘reality＇ ended its historic mission, and thus to retire展开更多
The status of the social and human sciences as genuine sciences on a par with the natural sciences has widely been held in doubt, and the subject-oriented approach （SOA） to knowledge also shows the traditional scien...The status of the social and human sciences as genuine sciences on a par with the natural sciences has widely been held in doubt, and the subject-oriented approach （SOA） to knowledge also shows the traditional scientific view to be misleaded. Its shows that it is mandatory to dismiss the idea that personal knowledge is a representation of a common world created by some God, and also the mistake to take the seductive noun/verb structure as for given. We need a new methodological paradigm of science--an approach that avoids the pitfalls of dualism and realism--and take the effort to couch its thinking in a re-interpretation of natural language. This line of reasoning paves the way for the SOA--a new epistemology that takes the individual knower and its feelings as the coherent point of departure. The traits of a new foundation are sketched and to that end a bootstrap model is proposed that departs from the early man＇s first experience. In doing so, we, in a subject-oriented manner, can bring man＇s living experience and his priverse （or private universe）, under the collective umbrella of a consensual science. This approach brings the promise to provide a sound theory of everything-or rather a theory of every thin/kin/g-which in one step removes the cleft between the natural and social sciences.展开更多
文摘Feminism generally agree that their goals are to expose patriarchal premises and resulting prejudices, to promote discovery and reevaluation of literature by women, and to examine social, cultural, and psychosexual contexts of literature and literary criticism. comparatively speaking; British Feminist criticism emphasizes the women＇s self-awareness, social critical function and prefers traditional realistic techniques. While American feminism approaches focuses on self-expression and feminine identity.
文摘This study endeavours to assess the deliberate distortion of historical memory in two works written in different periods of time by the same author, namely Vedat Kokona with the novel Me Valet e let,s （With the Waves of Life） published in the 1960s, as well as his own autobiography Endur ne Tisin e Kohes （Woven in the Veil of Time）, which was written and published after the 1990s. The novel was written under the censorship conditions of social realism, and consequently the stance toward historical war figures was shaped by the ideological prism： ＂Enver Hoxha leads the war, opponents like Lumo Skendo collaborate with the enemy, and the indifferent intelligentsia must feel blameworthy for their non-engagement with the communists＂. This scheme apparently collapses after the 1990s, when Kokona took it upon himself to narrate his autobiography, in the abridgment entitled Woven in the Veil of Time. Therein is revealed his realistic assessment of the figures of Enver Hoxha, Lumo Skendo, Ernest Koliqi, etc. Freed at the time from the chains of ideological censure, in his memoirs, Kokona discusses these historical characters. Supplied with individual human sensitivity, facing good and evil, he reflects upon the past, with the consciousness of the intellectual who has witnessed an era permeated with major changes.
文摘The Tu nationality （also called ＂Tu people＂ or ＂Tus＂ in the paper）, one of the multiple ethnic minorities in the Hehuang Region （河湟地区） between Gansu （甘肃） and Qinghai （青海） Provinces in the northwest China, has no written language of their own, but has already created the abundant and varied colorful literary genres. Since the 1980s, folktales, as the main literary product popular in the region, have received literary criticisms and reviews from scholars and researchers in China, based on the socialist realism dominant in China in the 20th century that emphasized more on contents, motifs and even ideological significance. So far, no breakthroughs have been made in their studies even if some young scholars have tried from the formalist viewpoints. Therefore, this paper attempts to make a morphological analysis of the Tus＇ folktales by adopting Propp＇s theories, trying to find out the morphological narrative model beneath the language level of the folktales. Through the studies, we can see that collective awareness bonded by kinship is more emphasized in Tus＇ culture, and almost all tales end with good defeating evil. Therefore, the studies of these folktales will help us deep understand Tus＇ psychological conditions and positive cultural life.
文摘As a literary slogan given to a special meaning by history, ‘reality＇ has constituted a dominant clue in the evolution of the ideological trend of realism in 20th Century Chinese Literature. In the ‘New Literature Movement＇ of May 4th Movement,‘reality＇, as the characterization of scientific rationality spirit and an imposition on the description of the objective reality, has been incorporated into the perspective of Modern Chinese literature： In the 1950s and 1960s, it protested to obtain an independent literary discourse as a saving weapon; in the early 1980s, it‘restored＇ realism as a theory starting point of ‘re-enlightenment＇. In the late 1980s, with the conversion of historical context, and the subversion and reconstruction of Western ‘refer to＇ concept to ＂reality＂ concept of traditional epistemology, ‘reality＇ ended its historic mission, and thus to retire
文摘The status of the social and human sciences as genuine sciences on a par with the natural sciences has widely been held in doubt, and the subject-oriented approach （SOA） to knowledge also shows the traditional scientific view to be misleaded. Its shows that it is mandatory to dismiss the idea that personal knowledge is a representation of a common world created by some God, and also the mistake to take the seductive noun/verb structure as for given. We need a new methodological paradigm of science--an approach that avoids the pitfalls of dualism and realism--and take the effort to couch its thinking in a re-interpretation of natural language. This line of reasoning paves the way for the SOA--a new epistemology that takes the individual knower and its feelings as the coherent point of departure. The traits of a new foundation are sketched and to that end a bootstrap model is proposed that departs from the early man＇s first experience. In doing so, we, in a subject-oriented manner, can bring man＇s living experience and his priverse （or private universe）, under the collective umbrella of a consensual science. This approach brings the promise to provide a sound theory of everything-or rather a theory of every thin/kin/g-which in one step removes the cleft between the natural and social sciences.
