“以心观物”的求真——论现代具象表现绘画的“现象学”定位

现代主义艺术在经历百年喧闹之后,陷入了自身的困境。20世纪70年代末80年代初。现代具象表现绘画曾在欧洲悄然兴起。90年代始,我国部分画家也开始了对现代具象表现绘画的研究,但这种研究更多地是对绘画表面形式的模仿,理论研究也大多只停留在随感性、手抄式的形式上,对画家个人介绍多,横向比较及纵向分析少。这使得对西方现代具象表现绘画整体定位的理论研究显得尤为迫切。本文正是出于此目的,在通过对现代具象表现绘画的定义范畴、时代背景、发展脉络、哲学理论基础、总体特点及代表画家的个人绘画特色进行了较全面、系统、深入的理论研究后,着重指出现代具象表现绘画是以现象学的方式,构建新的视觉模式,去发现事物的"绝对真实",以心观物,物我相融。因此,它既革新突破了传统写实主义的客观再现,又摆脱了现代派艺术的困境,寻回了绘画艺术本身的价值和意义。而这正体现了现代具象表现绘画的主要成就。希望通过本文对上述问题的论述,能为绘画界进一步明确现代具象表现绘画的研究方向有所帮助,使今后的研究,能在领悟其真谛后将自我性溶入其中,而不是只停留于表面的模仿,使具象表现绘画真正成为自我"心物相印"的载体。

ANALYSIS OF RAINSTORMS ASSOCIATED WITH SIMILAR TRACK TROPICAL CYCLONES HAITANG (0505) AND BILIS (0604)

It is generally thought that the influence of comparable track typhoons is approximately similar, but in fact their wind and especially their rainstorm distribution are often very different. Therefore, a contrastive analysis of rainstorms by tropical cyclones (TCs) Haitang (0505) and Bilis (0604), which are of a similar track, is designed to help understand the mechanism of the TC rainstorm and to improve forecasting skills. The daily rainfall of TC Haitang (0505) and Bilis (0604) is diagnosed and compared. The result indicates that these two TCs have similar precipitation distribution before landfall but different precipitation characteristics after landfall. Using NCEP/GFS analysis data, the synoptic situation is analyzed; water vapor transportation is discussed regarding the calculated water vapor flux and divergence. The results show that the heavy rainfall in the Zhejiang and Fujian Provinces associated with Haitang (0505) and Bilis (0604) before landfall results from a peripheral easterly wind, a combination of the tropical cyclone and the terrain. After landfall and moving far inland of the storm, the precipitation of Haitang is caused by water vapor convergence carried by its own circulation; it is much weaker than that in the coastal area. One of the important contributing factors to heavy rainstorms in southeast Zhejiang is a southeast jet stream, which is maintained over the southeast coast. In contrast, the South China Sea monsoon circulation transports large amounts of water vapor into Bilis – when a water-vapor transport belt south of the tropical cyclone significantly strengthens – which strengthens the transport. Then, it causes water vapor flux to converge on the south side of Bilis and diverge on the north side. Precipitation is much stronger on the south side than that on the north side. After Bilis travels far inland, the cold air guided by a north trough travels into the TC and remarkably enhances precipitation. In summary, combining vertical wind shear with water vapor transportation is a good way to predict rainstorms associated with landing tropical cyclones.

Local inhomogeneity in totally asymmetric simple exclusion processes with different hopping rates

Local inhomogeneity in totally asymmetric simple exclusion processes （TASEPs） with different hopping rates was studied. Many biological and chemical phenomena can be described by these non-equilibrium processes. A simple approximate theory and extensive Monte Carlo computer simulations were used to calculate the steady-state phase diagrams and bulk densities. It is found that the phase diagram for local inhomogeneity in TASEP with different hopping rates p is qualitatively similar to homogeneous models. Interestingly, there is a saturation point pair （a＊, fl＊） for the system, which is decided by parameters p and q. There are three stationary phases in the system, when parameter p is fixed （i.e., p=0.8）, with the increase of the parameter q, the region of LD/LD and HD/HD phase increases and the HD/LD is the only phase which the region shrinks. The analytical results are in good agreement with simulations.

Solitons in Bose-Einstein Condensates with Time-Dependent Atomic Scattering Length in a Harmonic Trap

We obtain the integrable relation for the one-dimensional nonlinear Schrodinger equations which describes the dynamics of a Bos-Einstein Condensates with time-dependent scattering length in a harmonic potential. The exact one- and two-soliton solutions are constructed analytically by using the Hirota method. Then we further discuss the dynamics of the one soliton and the interactions between two solitons in currently experimental conditions.

Influence of deflection angles on flow behaviours in openchannel bends

The deflection angle of a river bend plays an important role on behaviours of the flow within it, and a clear understanding of the angle's influence is significant in both theoretical study and engineering application. This paper presents a systematic numerical investigation on effects of deflection angles(30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, 150°, and 180°) on flow phenomena and their evolution in open-channel bends using a Re-Normalization Group(RNG) κ-ε model and a volume of fluid(VOF) method. The numerical results indicate that the deflection angle is a key factor for flows in bends. It is shown that the maximum transverse slope of water surface occurs at the middle cross section of a bend, and it increases with the deflection angle. Besides a major vortex, or, the primary circulation cell near the channel bottom, a secondary vortex, or, an outer bank cell, may also appear above the former and near the outer bank when the deflection angle is sufficiently large, and it will gradually migrate towards the inner bank and evolve into an inner bank cell. The strength of the secondary circulations increases with the deflection angle. The simulation demonstrates that there is alow-stress zone on the bed near the outer bank and a high-stress zone on the bed near the inner bank, and both of them increase in size with the deflection angle. The maximum of shear stress on the inner bank increases nonlinearly with the angle, and its maximums on the outer bank and on the bed take place when the deflection angle becomes 120°.

Wittgenstein, Phenomenology and Cognitive Linguistics

Although the literature devoted to the naturalization of mainstream phenomenology has been blooming recently, not so many efforts have been made to make the intellectual legacy from Wittgenstein, who could also be viewed as a ＂linguistic phenomenologist,＂ accessible to cognitive science. The reluctance of making Wittgenstein naturalized is sometimes backed by the worry that Wittgen- stein＇s criticism of the notion of ＂thinking＂ as some ＂internal process＂ is also potentially threatening the computational theory of cognition. But this worry itself is based on some serious misunderstandings of the internal/external dichotomies, the clarifications of which would greatly relieve the tension between Wittgenstein and cognitive science. Moreover, cognitive linguistics could also be viewed as the intermediate theory between Wittgenstein and cognitive science due to the affinities it bears with both Wittgenstein＇s later philosophy and cognitive science.

Investigation of radionuclide ^(60)Co(Ⅱ) binding to TiO_2 by batch technique,surface complexation model and DFT calculations

The interaction between radionuclides and solid/water interfaces is important to understand the physicochemical processes of radionuclides in the natural environment.Herein,the interaction of 60Co(Ⅱ) with TiO 2 in aqueous solution as a function of pH and ionic strength was studied by using batch technique combined with surface complexation model and density functional theory(DFT) calculations.The batch experimental results showed that the adsorption of 60Co(Ⅱ) was dependent on pH and independent of ionic strength,indicating the formation of inner-sphere surface complexes on TiO 2 surfaces.The results of surface complexation models and DFT calculations indicated that the surface species of 60Co(Ⅱ) adsorbed on TiO 2 followed the trend:B structure(i.e.,60Co(Ⅱ) was linked to one bridge oxygen site) was the dominant surface species at low pH,and TT structure(i.e.,60Co(Ⅱ) was linked to two terminal oxygen sites) became the important surface complex at neutral and alkaline pH values.These results demonstrated that a multi-technique approach could lead to definitive information on the structures of adsorbed 60Co(Ⅱ) at the molecular level at the TiO 2 /water interfaces,as well as realistic models to rationalize and accurately evaluate the macroscopic manifestations of radionuclide adsorption phenomena.