独辟蹊径 锐意创新──《当代中国的马克思主义》评介

独辟蹊径锐意创新︽当代中国的马克思主义︾评介●衣俊卿张奎良教授主编的《当代中国的马克思主义》一书，已经由黑龙江教育出版社出版。该书为国家教委人文社会科学研究“八五”规划重点项目，是国内同类著作中立意新颖、视角独特、体系完整、阐述详尽的一部少见的大型力...

Three-dimensional Imaging of Multi-slice Spiral CT in Bronchial Artery Correlative Study on Blood Supply of Central Lung Cancer and Its Clinical Significance

Objective: To evaluate three-dimensional bronchial artery imaging charactersin central lung cancer and applied values with multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT) to provide theoreticalevidence on blood supply and intervention therapy. Methods: Eighteen patients with central lungcancer underwent MSCT with real time helical thin-slice CT scanning. Three-dimensional bronchialartery reconstruction was done at the console work-station. The space anatomical characters ofbronchial artery were observed through different rotations. Results: For 6 cases, thethree-dimensional images of bronchial artery (33.33%) could exactly show the origins, the routes(lung inner segment and mediatism segment) and the diameters of bronchial arteries. Vision rate ofbronchial arteries was the highest in pulmonary artery stricture and truncation groups, and thevessels' diameter became larger apparently. These characters demonstrated blood supply of this kindof central lung cancer come from bronchial artery. Volume rendering images were the best ones amongthree-dimensional images. Conclusion: Three-dimensional imaging with MSCT in bronchial artery canreveal the anatomical characters of bronchial artery and provide theoretical evidence on bloodsupply and intervention therapy of central lung cancer.

A New Extension Theory-based Production Operation Method in Industrial Process

To explore the problems of dynamic change in production demand and operating contradiction in production process, a new extension theory-based production operation method is proposed. The core is the demand requisition, contradiction resolution and operation classification. For the demand requisition, the deep and comprehensive demand elements are collected by the conjugating analysis. For the contradiction resolution, the conflict between the demand and operating elements are solved by the extension reasoning, extension transformation and consistency judgment. For the operating classification, the operating importance among the operating elements is calculated by the extension clustering so as to guide the production operation and ensure the production safety. Through the actual application in the cascade reaction process of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) of a chemical plant, cases study and comparison show that the proposed extension theory-based production operation method is significantly better than the traditional experience-based operation method in actual production process, which exploits a new way to the research on the production operating methods for industrial process.

Evaluation of accelerated deterioration in NAPTF flexible test pavements

Previous research studies have successfully demonstrated the use of artificial neural network (ANN) models for predicting critical structural responses and layer moduli of highway flexible pavements. The primary objective of this study was to develop an ANN-based approach for backcalculation of pavement moduli based on heavy weight deflectometer (HWD) test data, especially in the analysis of airport flexible pavements subjected to new generation aircraft (NGA). Two medium-strength sub-grade flexible test sections, at the National Airport Pavement Test Facility (NAPTF), were modeled using a finite element (FE) based pavement analysis program, which can consider the non-linear stress-dependent behavior of pavement geomaterials. A multi-layer, feed-forward network which uses an error-backpropagation algorithm was trained to approximate the HWD back-calculation function using the FE program generated synthetic database. At the NAPTF, test sections were subjected to Boeing 777 (B777) trafficking on one lane and Boeing 747 (B747) trafficking on the other lane using a test machine. To monitor the effect of traffic and climatic variations on pavement structural responses, HWD tests were conducted on the trafficked lanes and on the untrafficked centerline of test sections as trafficking progressed. The trained ANN models were successfully applied on the actual HWD test data acquired at the NAPTF to predict the asphalt concrete moduli and non-linear subgrade moduli of the me-dium-strength subgrade flexible test sections.

The kinematics modeling based on Spinor theory for CT-guided hybrid robot

This paper focused on a simplified method for solving the hybrid robot kinematics in CT-guided （computerized tomography, CT） surgery. By position constraint introduced, the hybrid robot can be transformed as a redundant serial 7-DOF robot. The forward displacement calculation was developed based on the product-of-exponential formula （POE）. Because of the kinematics complexity of the hybrid and redundant robot, the combination technique of Ulrich two-step iteration method and paul variables detachment method （UTI-PVD） was introduced to fulfill the inverse kinematics of redundant robot, the novelty of which lay in the flexibility of various robots structures and in high calculation efficiency for realtime control. The process of solving the inverse displacement was analyzed. The UTI-PVD method can be applicable to kinematics of many robots, especially for redundant robots with more than 6DOF. The kinematics simulation was provided, and robot dexterity analysis was presented. The results indicated that the hybrid robot could implement the minimally invasive CT-guided surgery.

A Brief Analysis of the Non-commercial Forest Compensation System in China

The non-commercial forest is an important natural resource protecting the environment and contributing to the sustainable development of a nation. Due to its crucial positive external effects, it is inevitable policy that non-commercial forestry should be invested by government, thereby formulates the non-commercial forestry compensation system. This paper first discusses the theoretical basis of non-commercial forestry compensation system and the process of establishment of non-commercial forestry compensation system in China, and then analyzes the deficiency in the current compensation system.

Research on an Integrated Enterprise Workflow Model

An integrated enterprise workflow model called PPROCE is presented firstly. Then, an enterprise’s ontology established by TOVE and Process Specification Language (PSL) is studied. Combined with TOVE’s partition idea, PSL is extended and new PSL Extensions is created to define the ontology of process, organization, resource and product in the PPROCE model. As a result, PPROCE model can be defined by a set of corresponding formal language. It facilitates the future work not only in the model verification, model optimization and model simulation, but also in the model translation.

Experimental and theoretical research on residual strength of plain concrete under compressive fatigue loading

To investigate the residual strength of concrete under fatigue loading, experiments were conducted to determine the functional relation between residual strength and the number of cycles. 80 100mm×100mm×100mm specimens of plain concrete were tested under uniaxial compressive fatigue loading. Based on probability distribution of the residual strength of concrete under fatigue loading, the empirical expressions of the residual strength corresponding to the number of cycles were obtained. There is a good correlation between residual strength and residual secant elastic modulus. Thus the relationship between residual secant elastic modulus and the number of cycles is established. A damage variable based on the longitudinal maximum strain is defined, and a good linearity relationship between residual strength and damage is found out.

Dynamic subsidence basins in coal mines based on rock mass rheological theory

In order to investigate the surface deformation caused by coal mining and to reduce environmental damage, more accurate information of dynamic subsidence basins, caused by coal mining, is needed. Based on theological theory, we discuss surface deformation mechanism of dynamic subsidence on the assumption that both the roof and the coal seam are visco-elastic media, put forward the idea that the principle of surface deformation is similar to that of roofs, except for their parameters. Therefore, a surface deforma- tion equation can be obtained, given the equation of the roof deformation derived.from using a HIM rhe- ological model. In the end, we apply the equation of surface deformation as a practical subsidence prediction in a coal mine. Given the theologic properties of a rock mass, the results of our research of a dynamic subsidence basin can predict the development of surface deformation as a function of time, which is more important than the ultimate subsidence itself. The results indicate that using rheological theory to calculate the deformation of a dynamic subsidence basin is suitable and provides some reference for surface deformation of dynamic subsidence basins.

Conflict and Coordination Problem of Carbon Tax' Diversity Targets in China-Based on the Tax Optimization Theory

Among all the emission reduction measures,carbon tax is recognized as the most effective way to protect our climate.That is why the Chinese government has recently taken it as a tax reform direction.In the current economic analysis,the design of carbon tax is mostly based on the target to maximize the efficiency.However,based on the theory of tax system optimization,we should also consider other policy objectives,such as equity,revenue and cost,and then balance different objectives to achieve the suboptimum reform of carbon tax system in China.

The study of slip line field and upper bound method based on associated flow and non-associated flow rules

At present, associated flow rule of traditional plastic theory is adopted in the slip line field theory and upper bound method of geotechnical materials. So the stress characteristic line conforms to the velocity line. It is proved that geotechnical materials do not abide by the associated flow rule. It is impossible for the stress characteristic line to conform to the velocity line. Generalized plastic mechanics theoretically proved that plastic potential surface intersects the Mohr-Coulomb yield surface with an angle, so that the velocity line must be studied by non-associated flow rule. According to limit analysis theory, the theory of slip line field is put forward in this paper, and then the ultimate beating capacity of strip footing is obtained based on the associated flow rule and the non-associated flow nile individually. These two results are identical since the ultimate bearing capacity is independent of flow role. On the contrary, the velocity fields of associated and non-associated flow rules are different which shows the velocity field based on the associat- ed flow rule is incorrect.

Wave Trapping by Dual Porous Barriers Near a Wall in the Presence of Bottom Undulation

Trapping of oblique surface gravity waves by dual porous barriers near a wall is studied in the presence of step type varying bottom bed that is connected on both sides by water of uniform depths. The porous barriers are assumed to be fixed at a certain distance in front of a vertical rigid wall. Using linear water wave theory and Darcy's law for flow past porous structure, the physical problem is converted into a boundary value problem. Using eigenfunction expansion in the uniform bottom bed region and modified mild-slope equation in the varying bottom bed region, the mathematical problem is handled for solution. Moreover, certain jump conditions are used to account for mass conservation at slope discontinuities in the bottom bed profile. To understand the effect of dual porous barriers in creating tranquility zone and minimum load on the sea wall, reflection coefficient, wave forces acting on the barrier and the wall, and surface wave elevation are computed and analyzed for different values of depth ratio, porous-effect parameter, incident wave angle, gap between the barriers and wall and slope length of undulated bottom. The study reveals that with moderate porosity and suitable gap between barriers and sea wall, using dual barriers an effective wave trapping system can be developed which will exert less wave force on the barriers and the rigid wall. The proposed wave trapping system is likely to be of immense help for protecting various facilities/infrastructures in coastal environment.

Seismic ultimate bearing capacity of strip footings on slope

The influence of earthquake forces on ultimate bearing capacity of foundations on sloping ground was studied. A solution to seismic ultimate bearing capacity of strip footings on slope was obtained by utilizing pseudo-static analysis method and taking the effect of intermediate principal stress into consideration. Based on limit equilibrium theory, the formulae for computing static bearing capacity factors, Nq, Nc, Nγ, and dynamic bearing capacity factors, Nqd, Ned, Nγd, which are associated with surcharge, cohesion and self-weight of soils respectively, were presented. A great number of analysis calculations were carried out to obtain the relationship curves of the static and dynamic bearing capacity factors versus various calculation parameters. The curves can serve as the practical engineering design. The calculation results also show that when the values of horizontal and vertical seismic coefficients are 0.2, the dynamic bearing capacity factors Nqd, Ned and Nγd, in which the effects of intermediate principal stress are taken into consideration, increase by 4%-42%, 3%-27% and 34%-57%, respectively.

New model for deducing directional extrema based on multivariate extremum statistical theory

The parameters of principal and directional extrema in a marine environment are important in marine engineering design, especially for appropriate construction of oceanic platforms and other structures. When designing wave walls and break water structures, the orientation of the breakwater or seawall depends mainly on the direction of the strongest waves. However, the strength of the breakwater and the elevation of the seawall depend on the magnitude of the biggest wave height of the strongest waves. Thus, identification of directional extrema plays an important role in the design of wave factors. When calculating the directional extremum, different materials may require different specific computational methods, yet few theoretical studies have been conducted in this field of research. Based on multivariate extremnm statistical theory, this paper utilizes a discrete random variable to build a joint probability model compounded by a discrete random variable and a multivariate continuous random variable. Furthermore, this paper provides the first investigation on the theories and methodologies to deduce wave directional extrema. The results provide tools for both creating the calculation method of the directional extremum value and providing the rational directional extremum parameters for marine engineering design.

Dynamic inverse control of feedback linearization in ballistic correction based on nose cone swinging

It is a complicated nonlinear controlling problem to conduct a two-dimensional trajectory correction of rockets.By establishing the aerodynamic correction force mathematical model of rockets on nose cone swinging,the linear control is realized by the dynamic inverse nonlinear controlling theory and the three-time-scale separation method.The control ability and the simulation results are also tested and verified.The results show that the output responses of system track the expected curve well and the error is controlled in a given margin.The maximum correction is about±314 m in the lengthwise direction and±1 212 m in the crosswise direction from the moment of 5 s to the drop-point time when the angle of fire is 55°.Thus,based on the dynamic inverse control of feedback linearization,the trajectory correction capability of nose cone swinging can satisfy the requirements of two-dimensional ballistic correction,and the validity and effectiveness of the method are proved.

Macroscopic Frost Heave Model Based on Segregation Potential Theory

A macroscopic frost heave model with more clear parameters was established. Based on a porosity rate frost heave model and segregation potential theory, a porosity rate function was deduced and introduced into the stress-strain relationship. Numerical simulation was conducted and verified by frost heave tests. Results show that the porosity rate within the frozen fringe is proportional to the square of temperature gradient and current porosity, and is also proportional to the exponential function of applied pressure. The relative errors between the calculated and measured results of frost depth and frost heave are within 3% and 15% respectively, demonstrating that the temperature gradient, applied pressure and current porosity are the main influencing factors, while temperature is just the constraint of frozen fringe. The improved model have meaningful and accessible parameters, which can be used in engineering with good accuracy.

DETERMINGING BPA UNDER UNCERTAINTY ENVIRONMENTS AND ITS APPLICATION IN DATA FUSION

Dempster-Shafer (DS) theory of evidence has been widely used in many data fusion ap- plication systems. However, how to determine basic probability assignment, which is the main and the first step in evidence theory, is still an open issue. In this paper, a new method to obtain Basic Probability Assignment (BPA) is proposed based on the similarity measure between generalized fuzzy numbers. In the proposed method, species model can be constructed by determination of the min, average and max value to construct a fuzzy number. Then, a new Radius Of Gravity (ROG) method to determine the similarity measure between generalized fuzzy numbers is used to calculate the BPA functions of each instance. Finally, the efficiency of the proposed method is illustrated by the classi- fication of Iris data.

Research on Cam-linkage Mechanism of Automatic Piecing Device

The principle of an automatic piecing device is presented, and the mathematic model of a specific combined mechanism of the automatic piecing device is analysed. The kinematics and dynamics equation of the combined mechanism is established on the basis of the mathematic model. By the virtual prototype technology, the motion of this mechanism is simulated, whose result is post-processed by ADAMS. To improve the output motion, according to the simulation output and automatic piecing device's practical working condition, the optimisation of the cam mechanism is carried out by finite difference method. The simulation result of this combined mechanism turns out in accordance with its theoretical analysis of virtual prototype in this research, which, therefore, lays a principle basis for the further study of automatic piecing device.

Trajectory tracking and formation control based on consensus in high-dimensional multi-agent systems

This paper discusses consensus problems for high-dimensional networked multi-agent systems with fixed topology. The communication topology of multi-agent systems is represented by a digraph. A new consensus protocol is proposed, and consensus convergence of multigent systems is analyzed based on the Lyapunov stability theory. The consensus problem can be formulated into solving a feasible problem with bilinear matrix inequality （BMI） constrains. Furthermore, the consensus protocol is extended to achieving tracking and formation control. By introducing the formation structure set, each agent can gain its individual desired trajectory. Finally, numerical simulations are provided to show the effectiveness of our strategies. The results show that agents from arbitrary initial states can asymptotically reach a consensus. In addition, agents with high-dimensional can track any target trajectory, and maintain desired formation during movement by selecting appropriate structure set.

Component synthesis vibration suppression method of two component forces for flexible spacecraft

Considering the characteristics of two component forces on component synthesis vibration suppression （CSVS） method, two theorems on two component forces suppressing fractional multiple design frequency are given respectively. Meanwhile, the control force, which is composed by two arbitrary component forces with different initial time, can suppress certain frequencies for second-order undamped vibration system. Using the above theorems, control moment of jet attitude maneuver on flexible spacecraft is designed on the basis principle of CSVS method. The simulations validate the correctness and effectiveness of the orooosed method.