Safety research in the gasification process of novel multi-thermal-source coal gasifier

In order to collect the gas safely produced in the gasification process of the novel multi-thermal-source coal gasifier,based on its gasification skill and the characteristics of the products,this paper analyzes the possible dangers in the gasification process,devises the gasifier eruption and explosion experiments,explores the conditions of gasifier eruption and gas explosion,studies their effects on the gasification process and establishes safe operation measures.Gasifier eruption hazard occurs easily in the gasification process of one-thermal-source coal gasifier when MSiO2 is far higher than that in the normal adjuvant.The gas permeability in the gasifier is not the same and the power supply is too large.However,similar conditions in the gasification of multi-thermal-source coal gasifier do not produce a gasifier eruption accident so easily.When it erupts,the gasifier should be stopped and then cooled down naturally or inert gas can be sprayed on the gasifier to cool it off,and thus gas explosion can be avoided.There is a possibility of direct gas explosion,but it can be avoided when the gas in the gas collecting space is replaced slowly by supplying a small amount of power or the inert gas fills the space in the previous gasification.The time a fire is lit is strictly controlled,the gas is drawn in by using the aspirator pump,and the gasifier pressure is kept in the state of micro-positive pressure in the middle and later gasification process.The conclusion is that the gasification process of the novel multi-thermalsource coal gasifier is safe according to normal operation rules.

当代俄罗斯文学中另一种形式的怀旧苏联——评长篇小说《“自由”工厂》

近年来,俄罗斯掀起怀旧苏联的文学热潮,获得2014年民族畅销书奖的长篇小说《"自由"工厂》就是其中一部代表性作品。很多评论把这部小说归入苏联曾经流行的"生产小说"。从题材上看,这确实是苏联解体后比较少见的以工厂和生产为描写对象的小说,但它与传统意义上的"生产小说"又有了深刻的不同:它实际上是把"自由"工厂作为整个国家的缩影来描写,怀旧中透出新一代作家的冷静、理性的历史观;小说文本由多人讲述构成,类似于2015年诺贝尔文学奖得主阿列克西耶维奇的"多声音"创作,为读者还原最大限度的真实性,而小说没有了主次人物"自由"工厂成了串联起所有故事的"主人公"。