“省识”非“略识”

<正> 《杜甫律诗五首·咏怀古迹(其三)》(人教版高中《语文》第五册)中“画图省识春风面”一句,课后注释为“(画图省(xing)识春风面]从画像上看可以约略看到她的青春容貌。……省识,不识”。“省识”这个词语,在这个注释中竟然作出了两个前后矛盾的解释:一为“略识”(“约略地看到”),一为“不识”。究竟哪种解释为对呢?这个注释把读者搞糊涂了。

The comparison between traditional Chinese literacy strategies and English vocabulary strategies

There is a positive transfer from native language vocabulary learning strategy to that of the second language. The comparison between them shows that the traditional Chinese character learning strategies have profound effect on English vocabulary learning on the basis of morphology, lexicon as well as discourse categories. If the mutual effect can be applied in English vocabulary learning effectively, positive transfer emerges.

Reconsideration on the role of pragmatic transfer

This paper reconsiders the role of L 1 pragmatic transfer on English learning after a brief historical review of the pragmatic transfer research. As pragmatic transfer is a communicative strategy which the language learners tend to use to deal with the immediate problems and difficulties in communication and to develop their pragmatic competence of the target language, the paper comes to the conclusion that foreign language teachers should consciously introduce the pragmatic transfer as a communicative strategy into the classroom teaching, and try to find effective means to cultivate their students＇ abilities of pragmatic transfer in order to develop pragmatic competence.

Study on the knowledge management of strategic alliances in high technology enterprises

With the development of knowledge economy, the competition between high teehnology enterprises has gradually evolved into the competition of core competence based on knowledge, because high technology enterprises are typical knowledge-based enterprises. Few enterprises, especially for high technology firms, have all of the knowledge they need to compete effectively in the marketplace both at home and abroad, so more and more high technology companies are taking the advantage of strategic alliances to get their complementary knowledge. Since knowledge is the source of an enterprise＇ s competitiveness, knowledge management has become the most important means for enterprises to gain competitive advantage. There has been an increased growth in the literature on strategic alliances in recent decades. But what is less discussed in the existing literature on strategic alliances is the issue of knowledge management of strategic alliances in high technology enterprises. Based on the characteristics of strategic alliances in high technology enterprises, and in line with the implication and the goal of knowledge management, this study tries to delve into this issue. The paper analyzes the key factors relevant to the knowledge management of strategic alliances in high technology enterprises and proposes guidelines on the process and measures that should be taken in the knowledge management of strategic alliances in high technology enterprises.

Strengthening Protection Of Proprietary Intellectual Property Rights and Implementation of Technology Standard Strategies

This article focuses on the current situation in technical research and development （R＆D） and proprietary intellectual property rights （IPRs） in China. Based on the situation of Far East Cable Company, it analyzes the significance of strengthening the protection of proprietary IPRs and implementing a strategy for technology standards and then discusses the actual work and future arrangement of proprietary IPRs and technology standard strategies. It points out that the enhancement of proprietary IPRs protection and implementation of technology standard strategies is the only way for enterprises to remain competitive.

Promotion of Industrial Development through Combination of Standards with Intellectual Property Strategy

The combination of standards and IPR (intellectual property rights) plays a key rolein industrial development in the knowledge economy era.This paper analyses the effects andchallenges that inclusion of IPR into standards brings to our industry.The paper concludes withsome advice on how to promote our industries.

Identification of abnormal movement state and avoidance strategy for mobile robots

Abnormal movement states for a mobile robot were identified by four multi-layer perceptron. In the presence ot abnormality, avoidance strategies were designed to guarantee the safety of the robot. Firstly, the kinematics of the normal and abnormal movement states were exploited, 8 kinds of features were extracted. Secondly, 4 multi-layer pereeptrons were employed to classify the features for four 4-driving wheels into 4 kinds of states, i.e. normal, blocked, deadly blocked, and slipping. Finally, avoidance strategies were designed based on this. Experiment results show that the methods can identify most abnormal movement states and avoid the abnormality correctly and timely.

Research on Performance Measurement System of Knowledge Strategy for Firms

Knowledge has become the most important strategic resource of firms, and the competition among firms is more based on knowledge than before. To deal with this challenge, some firms are trying to develop knowledge strategies to direct their knowledge management activities, but current strategic performance measurement systems can＇t evaluate the performance of knowledge strategies appropriately. This article develops a performance measurement system for knowledge strategies based on Balanced Scorecard, and simulates the system with an improved Data Envelopment Analysis （DEA） model.

Analysis of discourse strategies by Faulkner in The sound and the fury

The sound and the fury is regarded as one of the greatest novels in the 20^th century and as a work of great brilliance, even genius. People have been studying it from the literary point of view or other disciplines, but not from the perspective of discourse analysis. This paper intends to make a tentative analysis of peculiar discourse strategies adopted by Faulkner in this novel from the discoursal point of view.

How to Effectively Retain Knowledge Workers in Organizations

Under the background of knowledge-based economy, it is widely believed that the completion among enterprises is actually the competition of talents. Therefore, 21 century has seen a fierce competing for talents all over the world. However, the high turnover rate of knowledge workers becomes a prominent issue for HR managers since it could be the loss of the organizations if the employees who master the core skills and customers leave. Under this circumstance, this paper will focus on answering the question of how to effectively retain knowledge workers, in order to help organizations to keep the core competitiveness. Through literature review of knowledge workers＇ characteristics and needs, this paper highlights the importance of retention and analyzes the reason for knowledge workers leaving and finds that it is important to improve a sense of loyalty and employees＇ organizational commitment to retain knowledge workers. It is also important for the organization to adopt motivation strategies and methods to retain knowledge workers, in order to avoid the drain of core knowledge capital, thus maintaining core competence of organizations.

A study on sampling strategies in the figure cognitive process

This study was aimed at investigating the sampling strategies for 2 types of figures: 3-D cubes and human faces. The research was focused on: (a) from where the sampling process started; (b) in what order the figures' features were sampled. The study consisted of 2 experiments: (a) sampling strategies for 3-D cubes; (b) sampling strategies for human faces. The results showed that: (a), for 3-D cubes, the first sampling was mostly located at the outline parts, rarely at the center part; while for human faces, the first sampling was mostly located at the hair and outline parts, rarely at the mouth or cheek parts, in most cases, the first sampling-position had no significant effects on cognitive performance and that (b), the sampling order, both for 3-D cubes and for human faces, was determined by the degree of difference among the sampled-features.

Implementation of Standardization and Intellectual Property Strategy

Inclusion of intellectual property in standards brings importantchanges to the global competition model.Based on the furious international circumstances,Outline of the National Intellectual Property Strategy was published in2008,indicating the strategic direction of intellectual property involved in standards.This article analyzes relative items from innovation and standard strategy implemen-tation aspects,and makes some suggestions.

Financial Innovation as a Competitive Strategy： The Kenyan Financial Sector

The world business environment is rapidly changing and becoming intensely competitive. In this context, most organizations are realizing that knowledge is the most important resource in creating sustainable competitive advantage. Knowledge management （KM） as a discipline is designed to provide strategy, process, and technology to increase organizational efficiency and effectiveness. The survival and success of a firm are dependent on the capacity of management to generate new ideas. One such a topical idea is financial innovations. Economies and businesses across the world have embraced creativity and innovation to circumvent market imperfections. Kenya as an economy has been hailed as a regional financial hub. This paper is a narrative review seeking to establish the extent of financial innovation in Kenya and how this enhances competitiveness. The research finds out that the Kenyan financial sector has made some remarkable strides towards financial innovations. However, it is noted that there is still enormous untapped potential that can enhance Kenya＇s economy further.

The Natural Landscape of Philosophy （The Political Reflection of Heraclitus and Aristotle）

Civilizational breakthrough of ＂axial time,＂ implemented ＂human band＂ in the middle of the first millennium BC practically simultaneously in different latitudes of our planet--this is the time of the birth of science and arts, the development of language as a literary tradition, the becoming of Myth as an active picture of the world--a subjective objective, a philosophical understanding of what is the person and being that surrounds him and what he creates, and formation of knowing the world by the word and deed of the subject and, at the same time, the thinking object possessing political reflection. However, political reflection has one significant drawback--the brevity of historical memory, which should from time to time be brought to life, refreshing the milestones of events and the wisdom of others＇ reflections, so that cognitive dissonances do not arise freely （arbitrarily） or malicious aforethought of political phenomena （war, state, strategist-politician, political power, etc.）, breaking the membrane of human hostel---ethos, the philosophy of culture, art with science and the craving for work. The 20th century （and lasting the first quarter of the 21 st century）, is as a vivid illustration of endless wars and permanent revolutions, as an age of world and local conflicts, demonstrating an indissoluble connection with the ancient myth, the 20th scattered the teeth of mythology, rehashing the world and the principles of the state, destroying boundaries and the empire, unleashing new wars, multiplying ethnic conflicts, sweeping away valued reference point and changing anthropological signs, disagreeing with the essential in man： depriving the Word and the Cause.

Japanese Media Strategy： The Recognition of Economic Value Chains

This paper examines, as a case study, Japanese media production, remaking, and transferences of media content derived from the manga Janguru Taitei （Jungle Emperor） and contemporary Japanese government strategies to protect and promote Japanese cultural and economic value within the content business. The study utilizes methodological triangulation inclusive of textual, document, and value chain analysis. The Japanese government has progressively appreciated the intrinsic value of the media content from both a commercial and cultural context and the loss of value in unregulated segments of the regional market. In 2003, they established an Intellectual Property Strategy Group to support and promote the Japanese media content business. There has been a continuum of policy development since then to protect and amplify the financial value of Japanese media products. All of the developments in media industry are fuelled not only by government regulations, the imagination of talented artists and writers, and the growing regionalization and internationalization of the industry but also the ＂bottom line＂ emerging from the value chain. The recognition of the need for sustaining profit growth to continue the viability of original and remade content in Japan is paramount for Japan.

Management of University Intellectual Property Problems and Countermeasures

university intellectual property management mechanism is a planned university intellectual property organization, coordination, planning and use of standardized management system. Sound intellectual property management mechanism is the key to the implementation of university intellectual property strategy, and working intellectual property smoothly, also it is a vital part to establish a modem university management system. This article discussed and analyzed about intellectual property rights managements mechanism universities setting the organization, regulations, incentives and policies to protect five aspects of education which combined with domestic and foreign universities intellectual property management practices.

Discussion on Patent Protection Management of Agricultural Institutions of Higher Learning

along with the implementation of national intellectual property strategy and the construction of an innovative country, institutions of higher learning pay more and more attention to patent. By elaborating the roles of patent protection management from five aspects and sunmarizing Sichuan Agricultural University＇ s status quo of patent management, patent policies and patent licensing in recent years, this paper discusses four problems existing in universities ＇ patent protection management and proposes corresponding countermeasures.

The Problematic Build-pollution and Its Architectural Impact beyond the Architectural Uprising in Jordan （Case Study： Housing ＆ Commercial Buildings of Amman City）

By the adoption of architecture as a means for communication and discourse between the architect and the recipient, yet current arguments took the conscious of local architect away from the uniqueness and the concerns of the society, as well. It also dominated its creative and educational capabilities through making him distracted in formal non-rational overestimated compositions without dealing with the concerns and needs of the society and sympathize with its affection that led to the appearance of an intellectual crisis resulted from the loss of design strategy in the current trends among some Jordanian architects. As such, not only substantial amount of the leading architectural intellect had deteriorated to formal practices but also it took another approach, becoming incomplete intellectual isolation practicing an overestimated architecture that satisfies free markets requirements which appeared along with the globalization economy. This study attempts to comparatively investigate the variation in some architectural practices as a methodology based on design readings of the previous issues which were characterized of architectural uniqueness and current issues that lack of the existing intellectual references.

Genetic-fuzzy HEV control strategy based on driving cycle recognition

A genetic-fuzzy HEV control strategy based on driving cycle recognition （DCR） was built. Six driving cycles were selected to represent different traffic conditions e.g. freeway, urban, suburb. A neural algorithm was used for traffic condition recognition based on ten parameters of each driving cycle. The DCR was utilized for optimization of the HEV control parameters using a genetic-fuzzy approach. A fuzzy logic controller （FLC） was designed to be intelligent to manage the engine to work in the vicinity of its optimal condition. The fuzzy membership function parameters were optimized using the genetic algorithm （GA） for each driving cycle. The result is that the DCR_ fuzzy controller can reduce the fuel consumption by 1. 9%, higher than only CYC _ HWFET optimized fuzzy （0.2%） or CYC _ WVUSUB optimized fuzzy （0.7%）. The DCR_ fuzzy method can get the better result than only optimizing one cycle on the complex real traffic conditions.

Research on enterprise value chain management model of competitive strategy

The value chain designs knowledge value chain consisting of the main activities managed by knowledge, including knowledge audits, knowledge acquisition, knowledge creation, knowledge absorption, knowledge protection and application of knowledge, and support activities including knowledge leadership, coordination of knowledge, knowledge control and knowledge organization, knowledge evaluation, coordination mechanism, and makes comparison to the knowledge value chain management and value chain management activity from the standard value, the value of the type and scope of activities, sources of competitive advantage, core management approach, the degree of use of information technology and knowledge, value activities, value chain expansion and other aspects, and proposes business take strategies such as the implementation of a systematic knowledge of audit, establishing strategic alliances, carrying out the coordination of knowledge, the use of advanced information technology, enhancing organizational learning, establishing knowledge-based organization to implement knowledge value chain management.