Gender differences in systemic inflammatory and nutritional index following radical surgery for advanced gastric cancer

Objective:Albumin-globulin ratio(AGR),prognostic nutritional index(PNI),and platelet to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)have been validated as prognostic factors for gastric cancer(GC).However,significant gender differences exist in albumin levels and inflammatory cell counts,and further research is required to understand how these differences influence GC prognosis.This study aims to investigate the prognostic impact of nutritional and inflammatory indicators on GC patients undergoing radical surgery,as well as the influence of gender on these indicators’prognostic value.Methods:The study included 596 patients with advanced GC hospitalized in the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery,General Surgery,Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 2012 to December 2016.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)analysis was performed to determine cutoff values for nutritional and inflammatory factors.Univariate analysis was used to identify factors significantly affecting survival in GC patients,while multivariate and Kaplan-Meier analyses determined independent prognostic factors for GC.Results:Multivariate analysis revealed that postsurgical tumor node metastasis(pTNM)stage[stage II:hazard ratio(HR)=3.284,P=0.012;stage III:HR:8.062,P<0.001],low preoperative AGR(HR=1.499,P=0.012),and postoperative PNI(HR=1.503,P=0.008)were risk factors for overall survival in male patients after radical GC surgery.For female patients,pN2-3(HR=3.185,P<0.001),total gastrectomy(HR=2.286,P=0.004),low preoperative PLR(HR=1.702,P=0.027),and postoperative PNI(HR=1.943,P=0.011)were identified as risk factors for overall survival.Conclusion:Postoperative PNI is an independent risk factor for all advanced GC patients.Preoperative PLR is an independent prognostic factor only for female patients,while preoperative AGR is an independent prognostic factor only for male patients.Further research is warranted to investigate the gender-specific differences in GC prognosis.

Structural insights into Deinococcus radiodurans BamA:extracellular loop diversity and its evolutionary implications

Diderm bacteria,characterized by an additional lipid membrane layer known as the outer membrane,fold their outer membrane proteins(OMPs)via theβ-barrel assembly machinery(BAM)complex.Understanding how the BAM complex,particularly its key component BamA,assists in OMP folding remains crucial in bacterial cell biology.Recent research has focused primarily on the structural and functional characteristics of BamA within the Gracilicutes clade,such as in Escherichia coli(E.coli).However,another major evolutionary branch,Terrabacteria,has received comparatively less attention.An example of a Terrabacteria is Deinococcus radiodurans(D.radiodurans),a Gram-positive bacterium that possesses a distinctive outer membrane structure.In this study,we first demonstrated that theβ-barrel domains of BamA are not interchangeable between D.radiodurans and E.coli.The structure of D.radiodurans BamA was subsequently determined at 3.8Åresolution using cryo-electron microscopy,revealing obviously distinct arrangements of extracellular loop 4(ECL4)and ECL6 after structural comparison with their counterparts in gracilicutes.Despite the overall similarity in the topology of theβ-barrel domain,our results indicate that certain ECLs have evolved into distinct structures between the Terrabacteria and Gracilicutes clades.While BamA and its function are generally conserved across diderm bacterial species,our findings underscore the evolutionary diversity of this core OMP folder among bacteria,offering new insights into bacterial physiology and evolutionary biology.

Development and Clinical Application of a Single-tube Nested PCR Method to Amplify the DNA Polymerase Ⅰ Gene of Treponema Pallidum

Objective: To develop a sensitive, specific and simple method for detection of extremely low numbers of T. pallidum in clinical specimens, as a significant addition to the serologic tests for syphilis diagnosis. Methods: Double-tube nested PCR(DN-PCR) and single-tube nested PCR(SN-PCR) assays were performed to amplify specific fragments of the DNA poly-merase I gene(polA) of T. pallidum. Sensitivity and specificity of the two PCR assays were tested. Eighty-six whole blood specimens from persons with suspected syphilis were detected by the two nested PCR methods. The TPPA test was used as a comparison for detecting syphilis in sera from corresponding patients. Results: Only specific amplicons could be obtained during amplification of the T. pallidum polA gene and the detection limit was approximately 1 organism when analyzed on gel by the two PCR methods. Of 86 clinical specimens, 62 were positive by TPPA. Of these, 54 and 51 were positive by the DN-PCR and SN-PCR, respectively, which does not represent a statistically significant difference between the two PCR tests. Of 24 TPPA-negative specimens, 5 were positive by both DN-PCR assay and SN-PCR assay. Conclusion: The SN- polA PCR method is extremely sensitive, specific and easy to perform for detecting low numbers of T. pallidum in clinical blood specimens as a complementary to serology for syphilis diagnosis.

Investigation on the Sterility Changeover of Male Sterility Line CMS7311 in Heading Chinese Cabbage

Sterility changeover induced by low temperature in male sterility line CMS7311 of heading Chinese cabbage ( Brassica campestris L. ssp. penkinsis) was investigated under constant temperature, day/night alternating temperature in light-growth-incubator and outdoor natural day/night alternating temperature respectively. It showed that the sterility of CMS7311 has significant change with temperature. The constant temperature of 6 - 12 degreesC was suitable to induce the changeover of sterility (CGS) of CMS7311 ; the shortest treatment time for CGS induction at this temperature was 3 d. The significant value of sterility changeover of CMS7311 occurred at the constant temperature of 6 - 9 degreesC after treatment for 6 - 9 d. The intensity of CGS was stronger under constant temperature than under alternate temperature, but the shortest treatment time inducing CGS has no difference between them. When treated for 9 d under the day/night alternating temperature of 11/7 degreesC, its sterility could also turn to normal fertility (near to sterile grade I or zero). In normal condition, the interval from the end of temperature treatment to the beginning of CGS induction was 10 - 16 d. In the condition of natural day/night alternating temperature, the lower limit of temperature for effective CGS induction was at the daily mean temperature ( DMT) of 3. 5 - 6. 8 degreesC, and the shortest treatment time which could induce the sterility changeover was also longer than that under constant temperature, being 11d at DMT of 1.5 - 3.1 degreesC. In addition, for the apical dominance, the flower bud on the first lateral branch showed the CGS 8 - 10 d later than the flower bud on the main stem under the same temperature with the same days of treatment. The intensity of CGS of CMS7311 on the first lateral branch was also weaker than the flower bud on the main stem.

IgG4相关肝胆疾病诊疗进展

IgG4相关性疾病是一类以淋巴浆细胞性炎症为主,伴血清和组织中IgG4增多并累及多器官或组织的慢性进行性全身性炎性疾病,累及肝胆胰腺系统时称之为IgG4相关肝胆疾病。简述了IgG4相关自身免疫性胰腺炎、IgG4相关硬化性胆管炎、IgG4相关自身免疫性肝炎的临床表现和实验室检查等方面。准确识别IgG4相关肝胆疾病的各个实验室结果,并正确诊断此类疾病,有助于避免不必要的手术和错误的治疗。

抗IgE单克隆抗体奥马珠单抗治疗哮喘的研究进展

哮喘是由免疫球蛋白E(immunoglobulin E,IgE)抗体介导的超敏反应性疾病,其症状发生和气道高反应性与IgE密切相关。奥马珠单抗是重组人源化抗IgE单克隆抗体,能与血清中的游离IgE特异性结合,剂量依赖性地降低游离IgE水平。通过阻断IgE与其受体的结合、降低IgE与其受体的亲和力、阻止嗜碱性粒细胞和肥大细胞脱颗粒、抑制炎症细胞的激活和炎症介质的释放,奥马珠单抗可明显改善哮喘症状评分、减少哮喘急性发作、减少口服或吸入糖皮质激素的用量、改善哮喘患者的生活质量。奥马珠单抗的疗效已得到临床试验的证实,且其耐受性良好。

A Study of the Relationship_Between Levels of SIgA and IFN-γ in the Female Genital Tract and the Clinical Course of NGU

Objective： To study the relationship of local immunity in the female genital tract with the clinical course of Nongonococcal Urethritis （NGU）. Methods： We collected cervical secretions from patients and examined levels of SIgA and IFN- γ. Results： Levels of SIgA and IFN- γ in the infected group were lower than those in the uninfected group, P1〈0.05 and P2〈0.05. The level of SIgA and IFN- γ in C.t,UU and C.t＋UU infected groups were not significantly different. Comparing the negative-changed group with thenonnegative-changed group, the level of SIgA and IFN-γ was 39.22±20.04mg/L and 103.19±29.94pg/ml, 26.00±10.56mg/I and 88.21±15.10pg/ml, P1〉0.05 and P2〉0.05. Conclusion： SIgA and IFN-γ secreted by genital tractmucosa may help prevent and resist local NGU infection.However, the effect is limited, and is insufficient to eliminate infection completely and prevent reinfection.

系统性红斑狼疮合并选择性IgA缺乏症4例并文献复习

目的探讨系统性红斑狼疮（systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE）合并选择性Ig A缺乏症（selective immunoglobulin A deficiency,SIg AD）的临床特点。方法报告广州医科大学附属第二医院2006年1月至2013年3月4例SLE合并SIg AD病例资料。结果 4例患者均为女性,年龄20-48岁,3例有反复上呼吸道感染史。4例均有关节炎、肾炎,3例有颧部红斑,脑梗塞、光过敏、胸腔积液、白细胞计数减少各1例。抗核抗体和抗双链DNA抗体阳性各4例,抗Sm抗体和抗心磷脂抗体阳性各2例。血清Ig A均〈0.07 gL。4例患者经治疗后3例好转,1例死于感染性休克,其中1例Ig A水平升至0.07-0.18 gL。结论 SLE可能合并SIg AD,患者经治疗病情缓解后其Ig A水平可能变化。

哮喘患儿血清白细胞介素-5和IgE与肺功能的相关性研究

目的检测支气管哮喘患儿外周血白细胞介素(IL)-5、总IgE(TIgE)和肺功能水平,探讨IL-5、TIgE与肺功能水平及支气管哮喘之间的相关性。方法选取35例门诊随诊的哮喘缓解期患儿作为哮喘组,30名同期健康体检儿童作为健康对照组,2组儿童均于清晨空腹取外周静脉血1.0mL制备血清,应用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法测定2组儿童血清IL-5、TIgE,并行肺功能检测。结果哮喘组患儿血清IL-5、TIgE水平均较健康对照组升高,差异有统计学意义(t=6.84、21.63,P<0.01),肺功能用力呼出25%肺活量时呼气流量(FEF25%)、用力呼出50%肺活量时呼气流量(FEF50%)哮喘组较健康对照组水平明显下降(t=-2.258、-2.428,P<0.05),而第1秒用力呼气容积占用力肺活量的比值(FEV1/FVC%)差异无统计学意义;IL-5与FEV1/FVC%、FEF25%、FEF50%无相关性,TIgE与FEV1/FVC%、FEF25%、FEF50%呈负相关(r=-0.534、-0.392、-0.394,P<0.05)。结论哮喘患儿体内存在Th1/Th2免疫失衡,IL-5和TIgE参与气道高反应与呼吸道重塑的病理生理过程,TIgE即使在哮喘缓解期也仍然和肺功能密切相关,可以成为辅助判定哮喘严重程度的参考指标。

通鼻脱敏汤辅助治疗持续性变应性鼻炎的疗效观察及其对血清IgE、IL-4、IL-12的影响

目的:观察中药通鼻脱敏汤辅助低温等离子消融治疗持续性变应性鼻炎的临床疗效及其对患者血清IgE、IL-4(白细胞介素-4)、IL-12(白细胞介素-12)的影响。方法:选取变应性鼻炎患者90例,随机分为观察组和对照组各45例。对照组给予低温等离子消融治疗,观察组经低温等离子消融治疗并给予通鼻脱敏汤治疗,服药1个月后,对2组患者进行临床疗效评定,同时ELISA检测治疗前后2组患者血清IgE、IL-4和IL-12水平,记录不良反应发生情况。结果:2组持续性变应性鼻炎患者均顺利完成上述相应治疗,观察组总有效率为91.1%,显著优于对照组之66.7%(P<0.05)。治疗后2组患者血清IgE及IL-4水平较治疗前明显降低(P<0.05),IL-12较治疗前显著升高(P<0.05);且观察组上述变化较对照组更为显著(P<0.05)。观察组粘连、出血等整体不良反应发生率为13.3%,与对照组之11.1%对比无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:通鼻脱敏汤辅助等离子消融治疗持续性变应性鼻炎疗效确切,降低患者血清IgE、IL-4含量,升高IL-12水平是其部分作用机制。

The Chemical Constituents from the Bulbs of Ornithogalum caudatum

A new natural product (1) together with 26 know compounds were isolated from the Bulbs of Ornithogalum caudatum. Their structures were established on the basis of spectral analyses as n-butyl pyroglutamate (1), nonadecyl alcohol(2), eicosanol(3), behenic acid(4), b-sitosterol(5), stigmasterol(6), glycerol 1-monocerotate(7), pyrocatechol(8), p-ethoxybenzoic acid(9), p-coumarinic acid(10), protocatechuric acid(11), ursolic acid(12), betulinic acid(13), fumaric acid(14), succinic acid(15), uracil(16), xanthine(17), quercetin(18), kaempferol (19), isorham-netin(20), adenosine(21), daucosterol(22), stigmasterol 3-O-b-D-glucopyranoside(23), quercetin 3-O-b-D-glucopyra-noside(24), kaempferol 3-O-b-D-glucopyranoside(25), rutin(26), and kaempferol 3-O-b-rutinoside(27). All of them, except compound 5, were isolated from this plant for the first time.

cDNA Cloning and Genomic Structure of PM/mPM Gene from B.mori

[ Objective] The experiment aimed to clone Paramyosin/mini-Paramyosin （PM/mPM） gene to analyze the relations between it and moving behaviors. [Method] PCR method and RACE technology were used to obtain whole cDNA of PM and some cDNA of mPM of Bombyx moil. By comparing wgs of Bombyx mori, the genomic sequence of PM/mPM of Bombyx mori was obtained, and, their genome structure was determined. [ Result] PM/mPM genes consisted of 17 exons and 16 intrens. By the use of selective promoters, The gene sequence encoded PM and mPM, while PM and mPM shared the last 6 exons. The cluster analysis between PM of Bombyx mori and PM of other invertebrate animals demonstrated that the relation between Bombyx mori and Bombyx mandarina was closest and the relation between Bombyx mori and Drosophila melanogaster was farthest in Insecta. [ Conclusion] There was no point mutation which could influence flight in amino acid sequence of PM of Bombyx mori and Bombyx mandarina, so the difference of flight capacity of Bombyx mori and Bombyx mandarina might be regulated by other mechanism.

Changes of Monoanine Levels in Different Brain Regionsof Rat with Ventral GIobus Pailidus Injured by KainicAcid Injection

Ventral globus pallidus-injured rats by kainic acid(10 mg) were used to derter-mine the monoamine levels in four different brain regions.In this model,a great decrease of NE con-centration was observed in both hippocampus and frontal cortex compared with nonnal contro.This result hints that a damage of noradrenergic neurons in this model has occurred. DA concentrations in the four brain zones after kainic acid injection were all reduced, but only in the frontal cortex and striatum the pronounced reductions were discovered while DA turnover rates in frontal cortex, stria-tum and meddullapons were significantly reduced. These results revealed a DA metabolic disorder occurring in these regions.However,5-HT concentrations as well as DBH activity, expressed by ratio of NE/DA,showed no marked difference in this model. In our study it is found that the changes of monoamine levels in this model basically reflect those discovered in AD patients.

Genetic Inheritance and Molecular Marker of Clubroot Resistance Genes in Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis

Objective] This study was conducted to investigate the genetic inheritance of clubroot resistance in Chinese non-heading cabbage （Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis）. [Method] The clubroot resistance gene was introduced from a Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis cultivar to non-heading Chinese cabbage, and the inheri-tance and molecular markers of clubroot resistance gene in parental lines, F1, F2 and BC1 of non-heading Chinese cabbage were studied through pathogen inoculation at seedling stage and ISSR-PCR. [Result] Clubroot resistance in non-heading Chi-nese cabbage was control ed by a single dominant gene. ISSR molecular markers with Bulk segregant analysis （BSA） found that primer-873 was linked to resistance gene, named CR-873, and the genetic distance between the marker and the resis-tance gene was 9.72 cM. [Conclusion] The results provide references for the molecular marker assisted breeding of non-heading Chinese cabbage.

17α,20β-DIHYDROXY-4-PREGNENE-3-ONE SUPPRESSES PLASMA IgM LEVELS IN RAINBOW TROUT (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

The relationships between 17α,20β dihydroxy 4 pregnene 3 one (17α,20β DP) and plasma IgM and total protein levels were investigated in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss .IgM and total protein levels decreased in both sexes of mature rainbow trout when 17α,20β DP levels increased during the spawning season,while the elevated 17α,20β DP suppressed IgM levels and reversibly enhanced total protein concentrations in immature trout.This represents the first report of the effect of 17α,20β DP on fish immunity.These data suggest that the increase of 17α,20β DP in spawning season may be related to infectious skin diseases.

Synthesis of a New Series of Chalcone Derivatives and Their Antifungal Activities

To study the antifungal effect of chalcone derivatives. Methods Sixteenchalcone derivatives were synthesized and confirmed by ~1H NMR and IR spectra, and tested forantifungal activity against four common pathogenic fungi. Their structure-activity relationship isdiscussed. Results Among 16 title compounds, there were 5 new compounds, which have not beenreported before. The preliminary antifungal test showed that all title compounds exhibitedantifungal activities to a certain extent. The activity of compound 8 against Trichophyton rubrumhad a potency equal to that of fluconazole, with a MIC of 4 μg·mL^(-1) . Conclusion Sixteenchalcones were prepared and their antifungal activities against four common pathogenic fungi invitro were examined. Some of them exhibited antifungal activities to a certain extent.

Treponema pallidum and Haemophilus ducreyi DNA detection by A Multi-Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction

Objectives: To develop a multi-nested polymerase chain reaction in an assay to detect early Treponema pallidum and Haemophilius ducreyi DNA in the swabs of genital ulcers. Methods: Four pairs of outer and inner primers, specific to the basic membrane protein gene of Treponema pallidum and to the 16s rRNA gene of H ducreyi were synthesized. The multi-nested PCR was developed and applied to detect Treponema pallidum and Haemophilus dicreyi in clinical swabs. Result: The two samples of standard strains of Haemophilus ducreyi and one Treponema pallidum were amplified and showed 309-bp rRNA gene of Haemophilus ducreyi and 506-bp DNA of Treponema palidum, respectively. Out of 51 samples of genital ulcer detected, 29 showed Treponema pallidum positive product and no Haemophilus ducreyi DNA was found. Conclusion: The multi-nested PCR for Treponema pallidum and Haemophilus ducreyi could be useful for early detection and distinguishing diagnosis between syphilis and chancroid.

Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) Microspheres Containing Methotrexate (MTX) I.Pharmaceutical Aspects

Microspheres Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were produced by emulsion technique.Microsphere I was solidified by glutaraldehyde crosslinking,microsphere Ⅱ was solidified by glutaraldehyde crosslinking and further treated with glycine solution and microsphere Illwas solidified by heating denaturation only.The results showed that the microsphere diameter produced by cross[inking was bigger than that prepared by heating.The microsphere Ⅱ had higher hydrophilicity than Microsphere I had.The methotrexate (MTX) contents in microspheres Ⅰ and Ⅱ were 2.73±0.053%,2.87±0.119% respectively. microsphere Ⅲ was only blank microspheres with MTX adsorbed on their surfaces.In vitro release studies,microspheres I and I have maintained sustained release of MTX till the next day,it was found that the drug releases from microspheres Ⅰ and Ⅱ were governed by Higuchi diffusion law.

A Higher Plant Myosin in Luffa cylindrica: Electron Microscopic Visualization

The molecular structure of a higher plant myosin with two 174 kD heavy chains purified from the tendrils of Luffa cylindrica (L.) Roem. was viewed by electron microscopy. The myosin exhibited actin_activated MgATPase activity and could be recognized immunologically by a monoclonal antibody against the skeletal muscle myosin. Electron micrographs of rotary shadowed images of this protein revealed that it had two heads with size and shape similar to those of the skeletal muscle myosin and a relatively short tail in comparison with the conventional myosin. Luffa tendril actin filaments were also visualized and occasionally other Luffa myosin_like proteins with globular structure at the tail ends were also observed. The structural similarity and immunological cross reactivity with antibodies against muscle myosin demonstrate that the 174 kD Luffa tendril myosin is a double_headed myosin. The possible involvement of myosin_actin interactions in Luffa tendril contact coiling will be the subject of further research.