JAVA中实现“相等”比较的深入分析

本文主要目标是研究在JAVA中对象"相等"比较的方式。通过研究JVM对内存的管理方式、JAVA函数重写、装箱与拆箱阐明其实现"相等"的原理。文章指出了实现两种"相等"比较的不同点,读者可以对"相等"比较有一个理论上深化,同时也助于更好理解面向对象的编程思路。

论“对等”“相等”和“相当”“对当”的含义、用法和翻译

译界占统治地位的用"对等"修饰的术语,如"对等翻译""对等语""动态对等""功能对等""对等原则"等,是用来表示译文与原文对等的,表示翻译的理想及翻译标准和原理。然而术语的正确性很值得学者们思考。译文与原文是不能对等的,这是共识、是常识,因此,用对等表示译文与原文对等作为翻译的理想及标准违背了普通常识。

初中数学中的“相等”与“不等”

在数学中，“相等”已是我们认识数学、学习数学的一种最为常用的手段了。然而，在现实生活中，“不等”现象却更多于“相等”现象。那么，如何利用我们熟悉的“相等”去解决数学中的不等问题呢？

On the Problem of All Equal Positive Odd Number Solutions of the Dissemination of the Ends' Guess

The thesis is concerned with the problem of the dissemination of the Ends’ guess and offers the formula of all equal positive odd number solutions.

TaChord: a Chord system using topology-aware routing and super peers

Due to minimum consideration of an actual network topology, the existing peer-to-peer (P2P) overlay networks, such as CAN, Chord, Pastry and Tapestry, will lead to high latency and low efficiency. In TaChord, a topology-aware routing approach in P2P overlays and an improved design in Chord are presented. TaChord and other algorithms are evaluated by physical hops, interdomain-adjusted latency, and aggregate bandwidth used per message. Experimental results demonstrate that TaChord has the drastic improvement in routing performance where average physical hop is half that of chord, and the impact of cache management strategies in the TaChord overlay cannot be neglected.

Comparative analysis of isothermal and non-isothermal solidification of binary alloys using phase-field model

Based on the entropy function, a two-dimensional phase field model of binary alloys was established. Meanwhile, an explicit difference method with uniform grid was adopted to solve the phase field and solute field controlled equations. And the alternating direction implicit(ADI) algorithm for solving temperature field controlled equation was also employed to avoid the restriction of time step. Some characteristics of the Ni-Cu alloy were captured in the process of non-isothermal solidification, and the comparative analysis of the isothermal and the non-isothermal solidification was investigated. The simulation results indicate that the non-isothermal model is favorable to simulate the real solidification process of binary alloys, and when the thermal diffusivity decreases, the non-isothermal phase-field model is gradually consistent with the isothermal phase-field model.

Properties and microstructure of Cu/diamond composites prepared by spark plasma sintering method

Cu/diamond composites have been considered as the next generation of thermal management material for electronic packages and heat sinks applications. Cu/diamond composites with different volume fractions of diamond were successfully prepared by spark plasma sintering（SPS） method. The sintering temperatures and volume fractions（50%, 60% and 70%） of diamond were changed to investigate their effects on the relative density, homogeneity of the microstructure and thermal conductivity of the composites. The results show that the relative density, homogeneity of the microstructure and thermal conductivity of the composites increase with decreasing the diamond volume fraction; the relative density and thermal conductivity of the composites increase with increasing the sintering temperature. The thermal conductivity of the composites is a result of the combined effect of the volume fraction of diamond, the homogeneity and relative density of the composites.

Effects of isothermal process parameters on semisolid microstructure of Mg-8%Al-1%Si alloy

A Mg-8%Al-1%Si alloy with semisolid microstructure was fabricated by isothermal heat treatment process. The effects of isothermal process parameters such as holding temperature and holding time on the microstructure of Mg-8%Al-1%Si alloy were investigated. The results show that a non-dendritic microstructure could be obtained by isothermal heat treatment. With increasing holding temperature from 560 to 575 °C or holding time from 5 to 30 min, the liquid volume fraction increases, the average size of α-Mg grains grows larger and globular tendency becomes more obvious. In addition, the Mg2Si phase transforms from Chinese script shape to granule shape. The morphology modification mechanisium of Mg2Si phase in Mg-8%Al-1%Si alloy during the semisolid isothermal heat treatment was also studied.

Pharmacokinetics and Bioequivalence of Cefprozil Granules and Cefprozil Tablets in Healthy Chinese Volunteers

Aim To develop a rapid, simple, and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for the determination of cefprozil in human plasma and to study its pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence after 0.5 g oral doses of cefprozil granules and tablets. Methods The blood concentration of cefprozil was analyzed after extracted with 6% trichloroacetic acid, using tinidazole as internal standard (I.S.). A C_ 18 column was used to separate cefprozil with mobile phase of methanol, purified water and glac...

Isothermal section of Mg-Nd-Gd ternary system at 723 K

An isothermal section of the Mg-Nd-Gd ternary system at 723 K was established by diffusion triple technique and electron probe microanalysis （EPMA）. Mg3Gd and Mg3Nd form a continuous solid solution （Gd,Nd）3Mg, and a continuous solid solution （Gd,Nd）Mg is also formed between MgGd and MgNd. Mg7Gd, Mg5Gd, Mg2Gd, Mg41Nd5, （Gd,Nd）3Mg and （Gd,Nd）Mg are found in the ternary system. In these intermetallic phases, Mg7Gd has been reported to be a metastable phase in previous literatures. The solubilities of Mg, Gd and Nd in all the phases were detected. Furthermore, four three-phase equilibria, α（Mg）＋Mg7Gd＋Mg41Nd5, Mg7Gd＋Mg5Gd＋Mg41Nd5, Mg5Gd＋Mg41Nd5＋（Gd,Nd）3Mg and （Gd,Nd）3Mg＋（Gd,Nd）Mg＋Mg2Gd, were identified in the isothermal section.

均值不等式应用错例分析

漏记"都是正数,"疏忽皆相等,忘记"定值"致误,只有让同学们充分理解均值不等式的内涵,"一正,二定,三相等",才能在解题的过程中正确运用均值不等式。

Formation and evolution characteristics of bcc phase during isothermal relaxation processes of supercooled liquid and amorphous metal Pb

The formation and evolution characteristics of bcc phase during the isothermal relaxation processes for supercooled-liquid and amorphous Pb were investigated by molecular dynamics simulation and cluster-type index method （CTIM）. It is found that during the relaxation process, the formation and evolution of bcc phase are closely dependent on the initial temperature and structure. During the simulation time scale, when the initial temperature is in the range of supercooled liquid region, the bcc phase can be formed and kept a long time; while it is in the range of glassy region, the bcc phase can be formed at first and then partially transformed into hcp phase; when it decreases to the lower one, the hcp and fcc phases can be directly transformed from the glassy structure without undergoing the metastable bcc phase. The Ostwald＇s ＂step rule＂ is impactful during the isothermal relaxation process of the supercooled and glassy Pb, and the metastable bcc phase plays an important role in the precursor of crystallization.

PARAMETRIC SENSITIVITY AND RUNAWAY IN FIXED BED REACTORS

This paper presents a comprehensive treatment of the parametric sensitivity and runaway in fixed bed reactors with one dimensional pseudo homogeneous dispersion model (ODDM). In this case, we find the existence of multiplicity and determine the runaway criterion through the critical isodisper sion curve. The calculated results indicate when the axial dispersion is relatively small, the impact of the axial dispersion on the parametric sensitivity may be neglected; but when the axial dispersion is large, this impact must be considered.

Effects of second phases on mechanical properties and martensitic transformations of ECAPed TiNi and Ti-Mo based shape memory alloys

TiNi and Ti-based shape memory alloys were processed by equal channel angular pressing （ECAP） at 673-773 K along Bc route to obtain ultrafine grains for increasing the strength of parent phase and improving the functional properties. The effects of both thermodynamically stable and metastable second phases on the mechanical properties and martensitic transformations of these alloys were investigated. It is found that thermodynamically stable Ti2Ni phase has no effect on martensitic transformation and superelasticity of Ti-rich TiNi alloy, thermodynamically stable α phase is harmful for ductility of Ti-Mo-Nb-V-Al alloy, but metastable Ti3Ni4 phase is effective for R phase transformation, martensitic transformation and superelasticity of Ni-rich TiNi alloy. The mechanisms of the second phases on the martensitic transformations and mechanical properties were discussed.

Microstructure and mechanical properties of TC21 titanium alloy by near-isothermal forging

Microstructure and tensile properties of TC21 titanium alloy after near-isothermal forging with different parameters plus solution treatment and aging were investigated. It is found that the residual β matrix, which was strengthened by fine secondary α platelets forming during aging, exists in all the samples; while primary equiaxed α phase, bent lamellar α phase and α plates are simultaneously or individually present in one sample. The strength of alloy increases proportionally with increasing the content of residual β matrix, which is the result of increasing α/β interphase boundary. The plasticity of alloy has a downward trend as the content of residual β matrix increases. This attributes to the increase of fine secondary α platelets, which are cut by dislocations during the deformation. Additionally, coarse α plates with long axis parallel to the maximum resolved shear stress（MRSS） also reduce the plasticity of TC21 alloy.

THEORETIC RESEARCH ON ROBUSTIFIED LEAST SQUARES ESTIMATOR BASED ON EQUIVALENT VARIANCE-COVARIANCE

Depending on analyzing the abuse of equivalent weights,a set of self-contained theory system on robust estimation based on equivalent variance-covariance is established,which includes ρ function, φ function,equivalent variance-covariance function,influence function and breakdown point.And an example is given to verify that the robust models proposed in this paper are reliable and correct.

Modification of ACFs by chemical vapor deposition and its application for removal of methyl orange from aqueous solution

Viscose activated carbon fibers （ACFs） were characterized using specific surface area, scanning electron modified with chemical vapor deposition （CVD）. The samples were microscopy （SEM）, pore size distribution and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out to investigate the adsorption behavior of modified ACFs for methyl orange（MO） from its aqueous solutions. The results show that the adsorption isotherms of MO onto modified ACFs well follows the Langmuir isotherm equation. The adsorption kinetics of MO can be well described by the pseudo second-order kinetic model. The adsorption process involves the intra-particle diffusion, but is not the only rate-controlling step. Thermodynamic parameters including AG, AH and AS were calculated, suggesting that the adsorption of MO onto modified ACFs is a spontaneous, exothermic and physisorption process. FTIR result indicates that the major adsorption mechanism of modified ACFs for MO is hydrogen bond.

Doped-Chamber Deposition of Intrinsic Microcrystalline Silicon Thin Films and Its Application in Solar Cells

A series of microcrystalline silicon thin films were fabricated by very high frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition （VHF-PECVD） at different silane concentrations in a P chamber. Through analysis of the structural and electrical properties of these materials,we conclude that the photosensitivity slightly decreased then increased as the silane concentration increased,while the crystalline volume fraction indicates the opposite change. Results of XRD indicate that thin films have a （220） preferable orientation under certain conditions. Microcrystalline silicon solar cells with conversion efficiency 4. 7% and micromorph tandem solar cells 8.5% were fabricated by VHF-PECVD （p layer and i layer of microcrystalline silicon solar cells were deposited in P chamber）, respectively.