概述“知思学”阅读策略的内涵。以人教版初中《英语》八年级(上)Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show?为例,浅谈“知思学”阅读策略在初中英语阅读课中的运用。总结“知思学”阅读策略在初中英语阅读教学中的作用。认为在运用“...概述“知思学”阅读策略的内涵。以人教版初中《英语》八年级(上)Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show?为例,浅谈“知思学”阅读策略在初中英语阅读课中的运用。总结“知思学”阅读策略在初中英语阅读教学中的作用。认为在运用“知思学”阅读策略的过程中,教师应推“陈”出“新”,引导学生运用已有知识主动阅读、积极思考、深入探究未知信息,互通互融新、旧信息。展开更多
In English language teaching, learning strategies are essential for improving students' learning efficiency as well as cultivate students' ability of self-regulated learning; and metacognitive strategy is of such st...In English language teaching, learning strategies are essential for improving students' learning efficiency as well as cultivate students' ability of self-regulated learning; and metacognitive strategy is of such strategies, which has attracted many language teachers' attention. However, not many research have focus on listening teaching on the level of senior high school in China's Mainland. This research is to fill in this gap with an introduction to listening strategies in metacognitive strategies and a sample of listening class design.展开更多
Declining cognitive abilities can be a concomitant of advanced age.As language is closely associated with cognitive abilities,changes in language abilities can be an important marker of changes in cognitive abilities....Declining cognitive abilities can be a concomitant of advanced age.As language is closely associated with cognitive abilities,changes in language abilities can be an important marker of changes in cognitive abilities.The current study is to review cognitive studies of language and aging by first identifying and exploring the major clusters and pivotal articles and then detecting emerging trends.Data of 3,266 articles on language and aging from 2013 to 2022 were collected from the Web of Science Core Collection database.Adopting Document Co-citation Analysis,Freeman’s betweenness centrality metric(Freeman,2002)and Kleinberg’s burst detection algorithm(Kleinberg,2002),we explored major clusters,pivotal articles and emerging trends in this field.Cognition appears to be the most remarkable cluster.Bilingualism,speech production,listening effort,and reading comprehension are other major active clusters in a certain period.The most recent active cluster concerns the studies of Alzheimer’s disease.Articles serving as pivotal points concentrate on cognitive studies of the Framework for Understanding Effortful Listening(FUEL),the new Ease of Language Understanding model(EUL)and a hierarchical multi-representational generative framework of language comprehension.The progress in statistical methods,the relationship between language and cognitive impairment and the relationship between language abilities and cognition are the emerging trends.These emerging trends will provide some insights into how cognitive abilities influence language abilities in aging.展开更多
Perceptual learning of orientation discrimination was investigated using cats. Two adult cats (Cat 1 and 2) were trained to monocularly discriminate between two static striped sinusoidal grates with 30° orienta...Perceptual learning of orientation discrimination was investigated using cats. Two adult cats (Cat 1 and 2) were trained to monocularly discriminate between two static striped sinusoidal grates with 30° orientation difference. After greater than 80% correct performance was reached, cats were then required to monocularly perform a discrimination between two grates with consecutively shifting orientation difference(2°, 4°, 6°, 8°, 10°, 12°, 16°, 20°, 24°, 30°) . The staircase method (two correct-down and one error-up) was applied throughout the training to track the threshold of orientation difference that cats could detect. The performance of detecting grates with varied orientation difference was measured respectively for beth trained and untrained eyes before and after training. Our results showed that the learning effect of discrimination for grates with a fixed orientation difference transferred completely from the trained eye to the untrained eye, whereas the inter-eye transfer for detecting °ates with gradually reducing orientation difference was almost nonegrates. The two opposite learning effects in the same subject strongly suggest that different information processing mechanisms might mediate the learning processes.展开更多
The application of conceptual metaphor theories to the teaching of English reading and vocabulary provides a new field of research to foreign language teaching. This paper analyzes the possibility of metaphor teaching...The application of conceptual metaphor theories to the teaching of English reading and vocabulary provides a new field of research to foreign language teaching. This paper analyzes the possibility of metaphor teaching through a small scale case study. It shows that the individual difference should be emphasized in metaphor teaching. This paper also provides empirical study evidences for the further research in the future.展开更多
This paper analyzes the negative influence of traditional English instruction as well as obsession with bilingual teaching, and sets forth a three-step development strategy in line with the cognitive characteristics o...This paper analyzes the negative influence of traditional English instruction as well as obsession with bilingual teaching, and sets forth a three-step development strategy in line with the cognitive characteristics of learners.展开更多
The present paper reviews the theoretical framework and analytic methods of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) and then introduces the latest development of CDA from the perspectives of linguistic anthropology, cogni...The present paper reviews the theoretical framework and analytic methods of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) and then introduces the latest development of CDA from the perspectives of linguistic anthropology, cognitive linguistics and corpus linguistics. The prospect of CDA is accordingly advanced.展开更多
This paper discusses the theoretical and practical guidance of cognitive linguistics in the college students' English learning. It mainly deals with the English listening on the basis of metcognition, the practice of...This paper discusses the theoretical and practical guidance of cognitive linguistics in the college students' English learning. It mainly deals with the English listening on the basis of metcognition, the practice of cognitive linguistics in oral English learning, the practice of cognitive linguistics in English reading, the learning strategy of English writing on the basis of cognitive linguistics and the practice of cognitive linguistics in English translation. The paper draws the conclusion that in any aspects of English learning, i.e. listening, speaking, reading, writing and translating, cognitive linguistics could be practiced. When cognitive linguistics is applied in English learning, the learners can break through the bottlenecks of college English study.展开更多
In different languages and cultures, color terms usually indicate their specific cultural concepts and metaphorical implicature. This paper makes a typological study on the universality and relativity of the Conceptua...In different languages and cultures, color terms usually indicate their specific cultural concepts and metaphorical implicature. This paper makes a typological study on the universality and relativity of the Conceptual Metaphors (CM) of color terms in different languages. It attempts to explore the cognitive differences and similarities in the process of categorization and metaphorization of color terms of oriental and western peoples. It proposes that the CM system of color terms is determined by the interactivity of three factors as neurophysiologic mechanisms, general cognitive psychological mechanisms and socio-cultural selective mechanisms. The CM of color terms in different languages carry their specific cognitive characteristics and cultural values, and reflect self-similarity of the language and culture.展开更多
Cognitive models must be able to adapt the students learning behaviors dynamically.In our point of view,the processes of learning and understanding are,in nature,the procedure that gains the meaning of the object to b...Cognitive models must be able to adapt the students learning behaviors dynamically.In our point of view,the processes of learning and understanding are,in nature,the procedure that gains the meaning of the object to be learned.So,ICAI cognitive models should reflect the meaning structure of the domain knowledge in students mind.According to this view,we developed the meaning theory of Ludwig Wittgenstein,and proposed the concept of meaning conjoinism.On the basis of the meaning conjoinism we proposed a meaning oriented ICAI cognitive model and its corresponding teaching tactics.Furthermore,we developed an ICAI system named Thinking and the efficiency of our proposal has been demonstrated.展开更多
In recent years, the college English teaching reform has been increasingly deepened. The study of the relationship between cognitive approach and foreign language teaching is undoubtedly instructive not only to guaran...In recent years, the college English teaching reform has been increasingly deepened. The study of the relationship between cognitive approach and foreign language teaching is undoubtedly instructive not only to guarantee the quality of foreign language teaching but also to improve learners' foreign language proficiency. In this essay, the author expounds the development of cognitive approach and some relative teaching principles, on which basis the author puts forward some specific practices in foreign language teaching.展开更多
This paper presents the differences and relations between background knowledge and domain theories in learning systems. The roles they play during learning procedures are discussed. It is emphasized that background k...This paper presents the differences and relations between background knowledge and domain theories in learning systems. The roles they play during learning procedures are discussed. It is emphasized that background knowledge plays an important role in enhancing the ability of a learning system. An explanation based learning system with domain theory in primary knowledge base and background knowledge in secondary knowledge base is introduced as an example. It shows how background knowledge can be used to solve some of the problems caused by incomplete domain theory in an explanation based learning system. The system can accomplish knowledge level learning through purely deductive approach. At last the acquisition of background knowledge is briefly discussed.展开更多
In English teaching, it is necessary to pay attention to students' psychology and cognition in order to make them harmonious and effective. Therefore, English teacher would change their teaching opinions, realizing t...In English teaching, it is necessary to pay attention to students' psychology and cognition in order to make them harmonious and effective. Therefore, English teacher would change their teaching opinions, realizing teaching object, guiding student's minds and ideas to study by some measures, such as accordant teaching and study, making students as a base in study, and students' self-study. In other words, making student study actively rather than passively is much better for their English abilities.展开更多
As the ultimate goal of education, autonomy in language learning has aroused a lot of attention from scholars at home and abroad. While in universities of China, students do not have strong autonomy in English languag...As the ultimate goal of education, autonomy in language learning has aroused a lot of attention from scholars at home and abroad. While in universities of China, students do not have strong autonomy in English language learning. The author tries to adopt specific meta-cognitive strategies to facilitate students' autonomy in learning by improving learners' capacities in study planning or management, monitoring and evaluating in learning to raise their consciousness and ability in autonomy, and lay a foundation for life-long learning.展开更多
With the development of Internet technology, network is more and more common in the teaching process. On the analysis of teaching status of English major writing course and in the guide of cognitive linguistics and co...With the development of Internet technology, network is more and more common in the teaching process. On the analysis of teaching status of English major writing course and in the guide of cognitive linguistics and constructivism, the paper studies the use of the internet in English major writing teaching cognitive model.展开更多
Metaphors have different expressions in cognitive and systematic-functional linguistics, which are conceptual metaphors and ideational metaphors. Conceptual metaphors belong to traditional vocabulary metaphors, and id...Metaphors have different expressions in cognitive and systematic-functional linguistics, which are conceptual metaphors and ideational metaphors. Conceptual metaphors belong to traditional vocabulary metaphors, and ideational grammatical metaphors are pointed out by Halliday--the main representative of systemic-functional theory. This paper elaborates on the specific grammatical feature of EST (English for Science and Technology) text--"nominalization of processes" to reveal the source of ideational metaphors. From the analysis of some examples, it is found that nominalization as a grammatical metaphor expresses the transference between process types, so it reveals the essence of ideational grammatical metaphors. Meanwhile, the comparison made between grammatical metaphors and vocabulary metaphors reflects the similarities between conceptual metaphors and ideational metaphors. In this way, this paper comes to the conclusion that the combination of the study methods of metaphors from both cognitive and systemic-functional perspectives is the best way to uncover the basic characteristic of human thinking.展开更多
文摘概述“知思学”阅读策略的内涵。以人教版初中《英语》八年级(上)Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show?为例,浅谈“知思学”阅读策略在初中英语阅读课中的运用。总结“知思学”阅读策略在初中英语阅读教学中的作用。认为在运用“知思学”阅读策略的过程中,教师应推“陈”出“新”,引导学生运用已有知识主动阅读、积极思考、深入探究未知信息,互通互融新、旧信息。
文摘In English language teaching, learning strategies are essential for improving students' learning efficiency as well as cultivate students' ability of self-regulated learning; and metacognitive strategy is of such strategies, which has attracted many language teachers' attention. However, not many research have focus on listening teaching on the level of senior high school in China's Mainland. This research is to fill in this gap with an introduction to listening strategies in metacognitive strategies and a sample of listening class design.
文摘Declining cognitive abilities can be a concomitant of advanced age.As language is closely associated with cognitive abilities,changes in language abilities can be an important marker of changes in cognitive abilities.The current study is to review cognitive studies of language and aging by first identifying and exploring the major clusters and pivotal articles and then detecting emerging trends.Data of 3,266 articles on language and aging from 2013 to 2022 were collected from the Web of Science Core Collection database.Adopting Document Co-citation Analysis,Freeman’s betweenness centrality metric(Freeman,2002)and Kleinberg’s burst detection algorithm(Kleinberg,2002),we explored major clusters,pivotal articles and emerging trends in this field.Cognition appears to be the most remarkable cluster.Bilingualism,speech production,listening effort,and reading comprehension are other major active clusters in a certain period.The most recent active cluster concerns the studies of Alzheimer’s disease.Articles serving as pivotal points concentrate on cognitive studies of the Framework for Understanding Effortful Listening(FUEL),the new Ease of Language Understanding model(EUL)and a hierarchical multi-representational generative framework of language comprehension.The progress in statistical methods,the relationship between language and cognitive impairment and the relationship between language abilities and cognition are the emerging trends.These emerging trends will provide some insights into how cognitive abilities influence language abilities in aging.
基金This work was supported by the Foundationfor Key Laboratories of Anhui Province andthe Initiating Fundfor Ph.D.in AnhuiNormal University
文摘Perceptual learning of orientation discrimination was investigated using cats. Two adult cats (Cat 1 and 2) were trained to monocularly discriminate between two static striped sinusoidal grates with 30° orientation difference. After greater than 80% correct performance was reached, cats were then required to monocularly perform a discrimination between two grates with consecutively shifting orientation difference(2°, 4°, 6°, 8°, 10°, 12°, 16°, 20°, 24°, 30°) . The staircase method (two correct-down and one error-up) was applied throughout the training to track the threshold of orientation difference that cats could detect. The performance of detecting grates with varied orientation difference was measured respectively for beth trained and untrained eyes before and after training. Our results showed that the learning effect of discrimination for grates with a fixed orientation difference transferred completely from the trained eye to the untrained eye, whereas the inter-eye transfer for detecting °ates with gradually reducing orientation difference was almost nonegrates. The two opposite learning effects in the same subject strongly suggest that different information processing mechanisms might mediate the learning processes.
文摘The application of conceptual metaphor theories to the teaching of English reading and vocabulary provides a new field of research to foreign language teaching. This paper analyzes the possibility of metaphor teaching through a small scale case study. It shows that the individual difference should be emphasized in metaphor teaching. This paper also provides empirical study evidences for the further research in the future.
文摘This paper analyzes the negative influence of traditional English instruction as well as obsession with bilingual teaching, and sets forth a three-step development strategy in line with the cognitive characteristics of learners.
文摘The present paper reviews the theoretical framework and analytic methods of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) and then introduces the latest development of CDA from the perspectives of linguistic anthropology, cognitive linguistics and corpus linguistics. The prospect of CDA is accordingly advanced.
文摘This paper discusses the theoretical and practical guidance of cognitive linguistics in the college students' English learning. It mainly deals with the English listening on the basis of metcognition, the practice of cognitive linguistics in oral English learning, the practice of cognitive linguistics in English reading, the learning strategy of English writing on the basis of cognitive linguistics and the practice of cognitive linguistics in English translation. The paper draws the conclusion that in any aspects of English learning, i.e. listening, speaking, reading, writing and translating, cognitive linguistics could be practiced. When cognitive linguistics is applied in English learning, the learners can break through the bottlenecks of college English study.
文摘In different languages and cultures, color terms usually indicate their specific cultural concepts and metaphorical implicature. This paper makes a typological study on the universality and relativity of the Conceptual Metaphors (CM) of color terms in different languages. It attempts to explore the cognitive differences and similarities in the process of categorization and metaphorization of color terms of oriental and western peoples. It proposes that the CM system of color terms is determined by the interactivity of three factors as neurophysiologic mechanisms, general cognitive psychological mechanisms and socio-cultural selective mechanisms. The CM of color terms in different languages carry their specific cognitive characteristics and cultural values, and reflect self-similarity of the language and culture.
文摘Cognitive models must be able to adapt the students learning behaviors dynamically.In our point of view,the processes of learning and understanding are,in nature,the procedure that gains the meaning of the object to be learned.So,ICAI cognitive models should reflect the meaning structure of the domain knowledge in students mind.According to this view,we developed the meaning theory of Ludwig Wittgenstein,and proposed the concept of meaning conjoinism.On the basis of the meaning conjoinism we proposed a meaning oriented ICAI cognitive model and its corresponding teaching tactics.Furthermore,we developed an ICAI system named Thinking and the efficiency of our proposal has been demonstrated.
文摘In recent years, the college English teaching reform has been increasingly deepened. The study of the relationship between cognitive approach and foreign language teaching is undoubtedly instructive not only to guarantee the quality of foreign language teaching but also to improve learners' foreign language proficiency. In this essay, the author expounds the development of cognitive approach and some relative teaching principles, on which basis the author puts forward some specific practices in foreign language teaching.
文摘This paper presents the differences and relations between background knowledge and domain theories in learning systems. The roles they play during learning procedures are discussed. It is emphasized that background knowledge plays an important role in enhancing the ability of a learning system. An explanation based learning system with domain theory in primary knowledge base and background knowledge in secondary knowledge base is introduced as an example. It shows how background knowledge can be used to solve some of the problems caused by incomplete domain theory in an explanation based learning system. The system can accomplish knowledge level learning through purely deductive approach. At last the acquisition of background knowledge is briefly discussed.
文摘In English teaching, it is necessary to pay attention to students' psychology and cognition in order to make them harmonious and effective. Therefore, English teacher would change their teaching opinions, realizing teaching object, guiding student's minds and ideas to study by some measures, such as accordant teaching and study, making students as a base in study, and students' self-study. In other words, making student study actively rather than passively is much better for their English abilities.
文摘As the ultimate goal of education, autonomy in language learning has aroused a lot of attention from scholars at home and abroad. While in universities of China, students do not have strong autonomy in English language learning. The author tries to adopt specific meta-cognitive strategies to facilitate students' autonomy in learning by improving learners' capacities in study planning or management, monitoring and evaluating in learning to raise their consciousness and ability in autonomy, and lay a foundation for life-long learning.
文摘With the development of Internet technology, network is more and more common in the teaching process. On the analysis of teaching status of English major writing course and in the guide of cognitive linguistics and constructivism, the paper studies the use of the internet in English major writing teaching cognitive model.
文摘Metaphors have different expressions in cognitive and systematic-functional linguistics, which are conceptual metaphors and ideational metaphors. Conceptual metaphors belong to traditional vocabulary metaphors, and ideational grammatical metaphors are pointed out by Halliday--the main representative of systemic-functional theory. This paper elaborates on the specific grammatical feature of EST (English for Science and Technology) text--"nominalization of processes" to reveal the source of ideational metaphors. From the analysis of some examples, it is found that nominalization as a grammatical metaphor expresses the transference between process types, so it reveals the essence of ideational grammatical metaphors. Meanwhile, the comparison made between grammatical metaphors and vocabulary metaphors reflects the similarities between conceptual metaphors and ideational metaphors. In this way, this paper comes to the conclusion that the combination of the study methods of metaphors from both cognitive and systemic-functional perspectives is the best way to uncover the basic characteristic of human thinking.