代际社会学视角下新时代青年群体研究

新时代青年成长于重大社会历史变迁时期并形塑了独特的群体特征。本研究以“社会代”概念和“生命历程理论”搭建分析框架,强调宏观社会路线约束和个体生命历程间的互动作用,具体包括新时代青年群体共同经历了两大发展奇迹、教育扩张大潮、人口迁徙浪潮、互联网全覆盖等重大历史事件,并形塑了独特的人口和社会文化特征。基于此,本文提出新时代青年群体研究应重点聚焦低生育社会下青年婚恋观和生育意愿研究、高社会流动下青年城市化路径与社会融入研究、数字化背景下网络青年亚文化现象及其影响研究等议题,并提出了研究展望。

Glacier changes since the early 1960s, eastern Pamir, China

Glaciers in the eastern Pamir are important for water resources and the social and economic development of the region.In the last 50 years,these glaciers have shrunk and lost ice mass due to climate change.In order to understand recent glacier dynamics in the region,a new inventory was compiled from Landsat TM/ETM+ images acquired in2009,free of clouds and with minimal snow cover on the glacierized mountains.The first glacier inventory of the area was also updated by digitizing glacier outlines from topographical maps that had been modified and verified using aerial photographs.Total glacier area decreased by 10.8%±1.1%,mainly attributed to an increase in air temperature,although precipitation,glacier size and topographic features also combined to affect the general shrinkage of the glaciers.The 19.3–21.4 km^3 estimated glacier mass loss has contributed to an increase in river runoff and water resources.

BUILDING A MODERATELY PROSPEROUS SOCIETY IN ALL RESPECTS——Regional Coordination

In China’s modernization drive, coordinated regional development and the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects have been two mutually reinforcing dimensions. The three shifts of China’s principal social contradiction have responded to evolving needs of its regional development. Throughout various stages, the strategy of coordinated regional development has promoted the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects in its concept formation, implementation and upcoming completion, which has reinforced regional coordination in return. In striving to achieve the goal of building a moderately prosperous society, China has increased its economic base, balanced its regional development, narrowed regional disparities, and increased equal access to essential public services.

Ezra Pound＇s Conversion to Confucianism

The paper aims to explore Pound＇s early discovery of Confucianism and his conversion to Confucianism. Pound＇s interest in Confucianism coincided with the time when Christianity, already ＂contaminated＂ by ＂historical diseases＂ in Pound＇s view, could not offer a valid vision by which to guide the spiritual life, resulting in losing self in a modem society. Pound discovers three main deficiencies of Christianity： lack of respect for individuality, the decline of ethics, and open attack upon nature, which could not provide solutions to Western problems. Pound turned to Confucianism to search the existence of modem man in the face of society, and nature, which results in Pound＇s Confucian medicine to cure Western moral obtuseness.

A Historical Overview of China's Upgrading of Its Industrial Structure

This paper investigates the history of upgrade of industrial structure in human society from a combined perspective of economic and philosophical history encompassing primitive society,ancient society and recent and modern society.As far as recent and modern society is concerned,this paper divides the upgrade into two basic aspects:the shifting dominant position of primary,secondary and tertiary industries,and that of laborintensive,capital-intensive and knowledge-intensive industries.Moreover,this paper has examined the history of upgrade of industrial structure in China since 1949 and identified that the upgrade of China's industrial structure demonstrates not only the characteristics of middle and late stages of industrialization but characteristics of modernization as well.According to the general pattern of upgrade of industrial structure in recent and modern society and China's reality,great efforts must be made to improve China's indigenous innovation capacity,expedite agriculture modernization,increase competitiveness and qualitative development of manufacturing sector,and vigorously promote service sector(especially producers services),environmental protection industry,culture industry and maritime industry.

Education As an Instrument for an Active Social Policy： Assumptions, Performance, and Prospects

The crisis of the welfare state caused the change of the approach to the policy of social protection and the tools of its realization in countries of EU. The present trend consists in the transfer of the responsibility for the welfare of the society from the state to local autonomies, businessmen, and, first of all, people themselves. A basic assignment of the present social policy is building active attitudes of persons and families being found in a difficult situation. Help in this has to be： the realization of the watchword work instead of benefit and the broadly understood education as the protection （guarantee） against life risks. Therefore, the author undertook synthesis of the current sociological knowledge on the change of an approach to social policy objectives formulation. Using qualitative methods, she analyzed the content of literature comprising （showing） discourses on the opportunities and constraints associated with the modernization of the existing social policy and selected EU documents.

From the Perspective of Conceptual Metaphor -Analyzing the Heroine＇ s Resistance in The Scarlet Letter

Conceptual metaphor has always been the study focus of cognitive linguistics. Conceptual metaphor is ubiquitous, cognitive and systematic. Nathaniel Hawthorne in his representative work The Scarlet Letter makes full use of the conceptual metaphor. A detailed description of the heroine Hester Prynne through the conceptual metaphor fully expresses Nathaniel Hawthorne＇ s feminist thoughts. Through the metaphorical analyses of the name Pearl, the scarlet letter ＂A＂, the forest and the scaffold this paper analyzes Hester Prynne＇ s resistant consciousness. On the basis of this, the positive social significance of the novel is explored.

Techne in Pre-Platonic Literature and its Significance to Modem Society

The reason for the double-edged sword effect of technology is that in modern system of knowledge, there has appeared a gap between technology and ethics which couldn＇t be found in ancient Greece. Going back to the Greek ancestor of technology--techne, will shed a light on the solution of the problems brought about by modem technology, because even before Plato whose ideas on techne have been heatedly discussed nowadays, techne has embraced an ethical dimension.

Boccaccio＇s Attitude Toward Women in The Decameron

Regarded as one of the masterpieces of Western literature and a ＂human comedy＂, The Decameron （1955） is a mirror to the world and the people of his time. Thus, Giovanni Boccaccio （1313-1375） took his place with Dante, Chaucer, and Shakespeare in Western literature, and many writers both at home and abroad are in debt to Boccaccio Voluminous of criticism has been done for The Deeameron as well Boccaccio. Based on the social background and life experience of Boccaccio as well as the text of The Decarneron, this paper analyzes Boccaccio＇s positive and sympathetic attitude toward women mainly from four aspects so that to have a better understanding of this literature giant and his great work.

Complexity Theory, Emergence, and Translation： Educating Translators as Agents of Human Interaction in a Complex Society

This paper sets out to argue the relevance for translation studies of complexity theory. It endeavours to argue, though briefly, that translation can be conceptualized as an emergent concept. It then indicates how theories of emergence in social studies provide new scope to theorise agency. Lastly, it considers the implications of the conceptualization for translator education. The arguments put forward in this paper lay the foundation for a philosophy of translation, i.e., a meta-theory of translation in which translation is viewed both as emerging from particular complex human interactions such as language and as being co-determined by complex contextual factors.

Historicity of Texts and Textuality of History On The Virginian From the Perspective of New Historicism

The Virginian： A Horseman of the Plains （1902） has been considered as one of the masterpieces of American western novels for its successful depiction of cowboys and local customs, which earns Owen Wister the Father of Western fiction. The paper aims to reveal the relationship between The Virginian and its historical context by applying the doctrines of New Historicism： historicity of texts and textuality of history. By historicity of texts, it points out that the work is the emblem of disappearance of western frontier, and it symbolizes the union of the Wild West and the civilized east. By textuality of history, it detects the change of social class, the development of livestock industry and railway, and their influence on the work at the later part of 19th century.

The Endowment Culture Construction under the Perspective of Government

As the aging population increasingly accelerates, the construction of the endowment culture has been putting on the agenda. In fact, the endowment culture plays an irreplaceable part in the social old-age care system. In the period of social transition, the excellent traditional old-age pension culture is destroyed, which makes the cultivation of the old-age social fashion imminent. The atmosphere of respecting the old and establishing a harmonious generation relationship is an important cultural guarantee to establish ＂five old＂ and build a harmonious society, in which our country or government bears inescapable responsibilities.

Try to talk about the education rules in the sport education and its value

physical education plays more and more important role in modern education, which can improve the students＇ physical fitness, it makes the students＇ comprehensive development, and it is indispensable in modern quality education courses. Concept in education rules is a product of modern economic society for the field of education reform, and it has come into being a kind of teaching method which is to keep up with the trend of The Times development. Education rules is the inheritance of traditional teaching method, it is also a reaction to the social development and changes, in this paper, and we will start from the main content and the education significance of rules education, and combine the current situation of physical education in colleges, as to carry on the detailed narration that it＇ s about education rules during the curriculum development. Discussing the rules of education in physical education curriculum, it hopes to be able to improve the efficiency of physical education curriculum, improve the quality of physical education teaching, and play a positive role in promoting for the development of physical education.

Urban Transformations and the Importance of Public Spaces and Urban Places

The aim of this essay is to understand the relationship between the media and the city. It is based on qualitative text analysis of theories and arguments from within urban sociology and media and communication. Two questions are posed：（1） what assumptions are the relationship characteristics between the media and the city based on？ and （2） what communicative changes in the relationship between the media and the city are historically noticeable？ The results are that： （1） the characteristics of the relationship between the media and the city are based on the assumption that the role of the media in society is closely intervened with the rise of the modern city and the urban society; and （2） four phases of communicative changes up until today are noticeable. First-hand experiences decreased and second-hand contact became more common, more shallow and rational due to the population sizes of the modern cities. The first-hand experiences continue to decrease but also the second-hand experiences. The latter is due to the increased importance of visual representations, and that the perceptions of the city became more important. As consequences people no longer always know from where their experiences steam. The implications of the characteristics of the relationship between the media and city are further discussed in terms of the importance of public spaces and public places.

Dealing with Climate Change in a Digital Age

Digital technologies offer unprecedented opportunities in addressing climate change as public policy requirements increasingly pervade national boundaries. Health issues now merge with those in education, the environment, energy, culture, gender, security, and the economy. They offer enormous potential in mobilizing for political action. But they also have a dark side. Outgoing U.S. President Barack Obama issued a warning that social media in particular poses an existential threat to democracy. Their pervasive influence during the 2016 American presidential election highlighted the potential for the spread of fake news and alternative facts. These realities must be recognized and addressed if meaningful policies on climate change and future sustainability are to be achieved. The challenges ahead require a re-examination of overarching trends in mass media that date back to the middle of the last century. Warnings from scientists, scholars, and community activists indicate that, on the issue of climate change, time is running out. In his Encyclical on Climate Change and Inequality, Pope Francis amplified the urgent call to action. But collectively, we need to rethink the profit driven ways in which our proliferating digital technologies mitigate potential steps toward a sustainable future. In a myriad of forms that go well beyond the seductive and addicting trends of endless hours spent online, new and proliferating digital toys and gadgets are neither carbon neutral, nor as some proponents would have us believe, do they hold the sole promise of innovation and job creation. Additionally, their potential must be harnessed to maintain rather than disrupt social stability.

On the Differences of Early Utopian Visions Between China and Western Society

Utopian visions between China and Western society differed in their early stage. Words reflecting early Chinese utopian visions scattered in many ancient classics. Most of them were general depiction of an ideal society featured with equality, sympathy, preference for community autonomy and the social order ＂the whole world as one community＂. Early Western society witnessed many utopian monographs. Most of them offered detailed construction of social frame with emphasis on social function division, request for ideal authority, and property co-ownership as core of an ideal society.

Analysis of certain differential equation models in the economic system

The basic contradiction of socialist society is still a contradiction between the relations of production and productivity, the superstructure and the economic base. This contradiction is concentrated in the production relations and a series of interconnected links and aspects in the superstructure that don＇t match the development of the productivity, these links and they are concentrated in the economic system. Therefore, reforming the economic system is to reform the production relations and a series of interconnected links and aspects in the superstructure that don＇t match the development of the productivity under the premise of adhering to the basic system of socialism. This re^brm is a self-improvement and development of the socialist system in order to promote the development of the socialist productive forces and the development of socialist modernization greatly.

The Pursuit of Happiness in the French Novel of the 20th-21st Centuries

Happiness, as much a poetic as a philosophical, sociological, and psychological concept, has been, through the ages, at the heart of the needs each individual seeks to fulfil. But today, in a world dominated by technology, driven by productivity and dictated by efficiency, what about Happiness？ Does it feature in works of fiction in any significant way？ May it not have adopted different guises？ ls that ＂duty of happiness＂ that Pascal Bruckner was talking about present in the French novel of the 20th-21th centuries？ And if it is, has its force strengthened or weakened？ This article will discuss the French Novels （of the 20th-21th centuries） that are devoted to or associated with Happiness in a direct or indirect manner. It will contextualize and analyze the transformation of Happiness, within the context of the historical and social events that influenced that period： the Holocaust, consumerism, postmodernism, structural social changes, the various as yet unarticulated new modes of life they created, and so on. To that end, this article will explore the discursive philosophical concept of happiness and its influence on the formation of the French novel. In so doing it will focus on the explicit discourse behind the motifs, the choices made in the process of writing, and the attitudes taken, considering the theme of happiness. Doing so, a significant discussion will be included regarding the paths of happiness, its agents, and the nature of the motifs and metaphors linked to the theme of happiness. The author will also address the dialectical role of the happiness theme in the constitution of an emerging literary discourse reflected in the French novel. By exploring the manifestation of the dogmas, ideas of the intellectual leaders of the 20th century （e.g., Jean-Paul Sartre, Simone De Beauvoir, Albert Camus） as well as the ones of the 21th century （e.g., Pascal Bruckner, Andr6 Comte-Sponville, Gilles Lipovetsky） new insights concerning the hybrid nature of the supposedly ＂authentic happiness＂ will be revealed. The author intend to inspect the theme of Happiness around four dialectical axes as a relevant ethical basis for delimiting the various fields of research： （1） Love, passion, and conjugality; （2） Ageing; （3） ＂The experience of everydayness＂; and （4） ＂The era of emptiness＂. Focusing on the narratives, the article takes into account their specificity in the four distinct fields, all connected to existential and ethical issues, Finally, this article will attempt to analyse the assumed role of literature as a conduit of cultural awareness.

A Visual Cultural Study of Pictorial Weekly in the Republican Period

Peter Burke once said, using images as historical evidence could not only stand as proof of political events, economic trend, and social structure, but also as an illustration of the history of daily life, material culture, mental state, and physical body. Photography is the extension of human vision, the appearance of which has changed the way in which people see the world, molded the subject identity of modernity, and participated in the social construction of visual modernity. To witness the history is not the only purpose of studying on photograph-based pictorials in the republican period, for which it is more important to provide visual reference for the construction of China＇s modernization, and to witness the multiplicity, mobility, and inner-diversity of modernity.

The Transformation of Government Economic Functions in Public Economic Management

Public economics is a science of studying government economic behaviors, and an interdiscipline of politics and economics. As China is at the primary stage of socialism and the development of various domestic causes is still in a period of exploration, it is very important for the reform of the socialist modernization to strengthen domestic administrative management. Society is the subject of national reform and development in the long run, and thus maintaining the stability of domestic social order is not only the prerequisite for the long-term survival and development of China, but also the key requirement of ensuring people to live and work in peace and contentment. This thesis, first of all, introduces the management concept of public economy and the necessity of government＇s involvement in supervising economy. And on the basis of these, the thesis put forward the direction of transforming government economic functions and several precautions that should be noticed in government economic behaviors.