老年重“神补” 延年又长寿

祛病延年，寄希望于“药补”与“食补”的人相对较多，而对“神补”的探讨相对较少。其实历代医家对于“神补”甚为重视，有“药补不如食补”、“食补不如神补”的告诫。

蒙成药安神补心六味丸多维鉴定研究

目的 建立蒙成药安神补心六味丸组成药材基原系统化的鉴定方法。方法 通过高通量测序技术对蒙成药安神补心六味丸进行总DNA的提取,并对其COI及ITS2序列进行PCR扩增,双端测序后进行序列的整理和聚类分析,并与组成安神补心六味丸中牛心的COI序列,木香、丁香、广枣、肉豆蔻药材的ITS2序列进行测序的结果利用邻接法构建系统树。利用薄层色谱方法以正己烷-石油醚(60~90℃)-乙酸乙酯-冰醋酸(6∶2∶3∶0.2)为展开剂。展开后烘箱烘干,置紫外光灯(254 nm)下检视。最后对蒙成药安神补心六味丸进行光学显微鉴定观察,确定其显微特征,并将显微特征与组成中药显微特征进行对应。结果 基于对蒙成药安神补心六味丸的ITS2序列进行高通量测序后得到高质量序列共138 633条,经过比对与安神补心六味丸组成药味相关的序列共584条,分别为木香(Aucklandia lappa)、南酸枣(Choerospondias axillaris)、丁香(Eugenia caryophyllata),均为木香、广枣、丁香药材的正品植物来源。在新鲜牛心中成功提取到COI序列,但未提取到安神补心六味丸成药及干燥牛心的COI序列,木香、丁香、广枣、肉豆蔻的ITS2序列成功扩增,扩增的ITS2序列与高通量测序比对后获得的OTU代表序列在系统树与木香、丁香、广枣分别聚为一支。安神补心六味丸与枫香脂及对照药材在相同条件下,薄层色谱同一处出现斑点。在对成药进行显微鉴定后发现与组成药味一致的显微特征。结论 结果表明以ITS2序列作为条形码,利用高通量测序的ITS2序列技术为主要鉴别手段,结合薄层色谱及对蒙成药显微特征观察,可以对安神补心六味丸中6种中药的基原进行准确的鉴别。

安神补脑胶囊结合针刺对原发性失眠(心神不宁型)的临床研究

目的探究安神补脑胶囊结合针刺对原发性失眠(心神不宁型)的临床研究。方法选取2021年6月—2022年6月收治的124例原发性失眠患者为研究对象。根据治疗方法分为观察组(n=64)与对照组(n=60),对照组采用针刺治疗,观察组在此基础上结合安神补脑胶囊治疗。采用阿森斯量表(Athens Insomnia Scale,AIS)、生活质量评分(the MOS item short from health survey,SF-36)量表、失眠严重指数量表(The insomnia severity index,ISI)记录两组患者治疗前后水平。观察组两组患者治疗前后血清指标肿瘤坏死因子(Tumor necrosis factor,TNF-α)、γ-氨基丁酸(γaminobutyric acid,GABA)、5-羟色胺(5-hydroxy tryptamine,5-HT)、核因子κB(nuclear factor kappa-B,NF-κB)含量水平变化。观察两组患者临床疗效和中医症候积分。结果两组患者治疗前入睡时间、白天情绪、白天身体功能、夜间苏醒、总睡眠时间、总睡眠质量、白天思睡评分、比期望的时间早醒评分无显著差异(P>0.05)。治疗后观察组入睡时间、白天情绪、白天身体功能、夜间苏醒、总睡眠时间、总睡眠质量、白天思睡评分、比期望的时间早醒评分显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗前生理功能、身体疼痛、角色限制、总体健康、社会功能、活力、精神健康、情感职能无显著差异(P>0.05)。治疗后观察组生理功能、身体疼痛、角色限制、总体健康、社会功能、活力、精神健康、情感职能评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗前ISI、中医症候积分无显著差异(P>0.05)。治疗后观察组ISI、中医症候积分较对照组显著降低(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗前TNF-α、NF-κB、GABA和5-HT水平无显著差异(P>0.05)。治疗后观察组TNF-α、NF-κB水平较对照组显著降低,且GABA和5-HT水平较对照组显著升高(P>0.05)。观察组总有效率为93.75%显著高于对照组81.67%(χ^(2)=4.252,P=0.039)。结论安神补脑胶囊结合针刺能有效改善血清因子水平,提升睡眠质量、提高临床疗效和生活质量。

药补食补都不如“神补”

人们提起养生，都会津津乐道于健康饮食、运动健身以及时令进补。其实药补不如食补，食补不如“神补。”古时养生家把养心神、调情志作为养生寿老之本法，防病治病之良药。

药补、食补，不如“神补”

人们提起养生，都会津津乐道于健康饮食、运动健身以及时令进补。其实药补不如食补，食补不如“神补。”古时养生家把养心神、调情志作为养生寿老之本法，防病治病之良药。

“神补”胜过药补和食补

人们提起养生，都会津津乐道于健康饮食、运动健身以及时令进补。其实药补不如食补，食补不如“神补。”古时养生家把养心神、调情志作为养生寿老之本法，防病治病之良药。《寿世青编》日：“药之所治只有一半，其几一半则全不系药方，唯在心药也。”所谓“心药”，就是心理治疗。积微成损积损成衰所谓健康之人，必，面具备生理和心理的双重健康，但有些人忽略精神对形骸的调控作用。人若长期反复持续，或放纵自已的不良情绪。点滴之害会殃及自已的健康。

中老年人应重视“神补”

今人祛病延年，希望“药补”与“食补”的多，对“神补”的探讨似较少。其实历代医家对于“神补”甚为重视，有“药补不如食补”“食补不如神补”的告诫。

补水宁神汤治疗神光自现症的临床观察

目的观察补水宁神汤对神光自现症的疗效。方法应用《审视瑶函》中治疗神光自现症的方剂—补水宁神汤,对神光自现症患者29例(30眼)进行治疗并观察疗效。结果对视网膜脱离前征候群11例(11眼)均无效;玻璃体后脱离所致的14例(15眼):好转4例(4眼),无效10例(11眼);玻璃体混浊并视网膜有变性区者4例(4眼):有效3例(3眼),无效1例(1眼)。结论补水宁神汤有减轻和改善玻璃体后脱离、玻璃体混浊和视网膜有变性区部分患者的神光自现症状。疗效可能与方剂中具有安神镇静和改善微循环作用的药物有关。

Backlash Nonlinear Compensation of Servo Systems Using Backpropagation Neural Networks

Aim To eliminate the influences of backlash nonlinear characteristics generally existing in servo systems, a nonlinear compensation method using backpropagation neural networks(BPNN) is presented. Methods Based on some weapon tracking servo system, a three layer BPNN was used to off line identify the backlash characteristics, then a nonlinear compensator was designed according to the identification results. Results The simulation results show that the method can effectively get rid of the sustained oscillation(limit cycle) of the system caused by the backlash characteristics, and can improve the system accuracy. Conclusion The method is effective on sloving the problems produced by the backlash characteristics in servo systems, and it can be easily accomplished in engineering.

Neural network based method for compensating model error

Two traditional methods for compensating function model errors, the method of adding systematic parameters and the least-squares collection method, are introduced. A proposed method based on a BP neural network （called the H-BP algorithm） for compensating function model errors is put forward. The function model is assumed as y =f（x1, x2,… ,xn）, and the special structure of the H-BP algorithm is determined as （ n ＋ 1） ×p × 1, where （n ＋ 1） is the element number of the input layer, and the elements are xl, x2,…, xn and y＇ （ y＇ is the value calculated by the function model）; p is the element number of the hidden layer, and it is usually determined after many tests; 1 is the dement number of the output layer, and the element is △y = y0-y＇（y0 is the known value of the sample）. The calculation steps of the H-BP algorithm are introduced in detail. And then, the results of three methods for compensating function model errors from one engineering project are compared with each other. After being compensated, the accuracy of the traditional methods is about ± 19 mm, and the accuracy of the H-BP algorithm is ± 4. 3 mm. It shows that the proposed method based on a neural network is more effective than traditional methods for compensating function model errors.

Temperature compensation method of silicon microgyroscope based on BP neural network

The temperature characteristics of a silicon microgyroscope are studied, and the temperature compensation method of the silicon microgyroscope is proposed. First, an open-loop circuit is adopted to test the entire microgyroscope＇s resonant frequency and quality factor variations over temperature, and the zero bias changing trend over temperature is measured via a closed-loop circuit. Then, in order to alleviate the temperature effects on the performance of the microgyroscope, a kind of temperature compensated method based on the error back propagation（BP）neural network is proposed. By the Matlab simulation, the optimal temperature compensation model based on the BP neural network is well trained after four steps, and the objective error of the microgyroscope＇s zero bias can achieve 0.001 in full temperature range. By the experiment, the real time operation results of the compensation method demonstrate that the maximum zero bias of the microgyroscope can be decreased from 12.43 to 0.75（°）/s after compensation when the ambient temperature varies from -40 to 80℃, which greatly improves the zero bias stability performance of the microgyroscope.

Neuroprotective Effects of Bushen Decoction Against Glutamate-Induced Neurotoxicity in PC12 Cells

Aim The enhanced effect of Bushen (Kidney-tonifying) decoction (BS) oncultured PC12 cell proliferation and its antagonistic action on neurotoxicity induced by glutamatewere investigated by serum pharmacological method of the Chinese material medica (CMM) in vitro.Methods The effect of BS on cultured PC12 cell activity and its antagonistic action on neurotoxicityinduced by glutamate was observed by MTT method. Flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopetechniques were employed to observe the antagonistic effect of BS on early period apoptosis of PC12cells induced by glutamate. Results The serum with BS was able to enhance activity of PC12 cells andexert antagonistic effect on glutamate-induced neurotoxicity. Meanwhile, these beneficial effectsproduced by BS were found to be the strongest in 20% concentration of in serum BS. Moreover, it caninhibit apoptosis of PC12 cells induced by glutamate , which occurs in the early period. ConclusionBS may exert a potential neuroprotective effect.

A neural network method for estimating weighted mean temperature over China and adjacent areas

To improve the applicability of the global pressure and temperature 2 wet(GPT2w)model in estimating the weighted mean temperature in China and adjacent areas,the error compensation technology based on the neural network was proposed,and a total of 374800 meteorological profiles measured from 2006 to 2015 of 100 radiosonde stations distributed in China and adjacent areas were used to establish an enhanced empirical model for estimating the weighted mean temperature in this region.The data from 2016 to 2018 of the remaining 92 stations in this region was used to test the performance of the proposed model.Results show that the proposed model is about 14.9%better than the GPT2w model and about 7.6%better than the Bevis model with measured surface temperature in accuracy.The performance of the proposed model is significantly improved compared with the GPT2w model not only at different height ranges,but also in different months throughout the year.Moreover,the accuracy of the weighted mean temperature estimation is greatly improved in the northwestern region of China where the radiosonde stations are very rarely distributed.The proposed model shows a great application potential in the nationwide real-time ground-based global navigation satellite system(GNSS)water vapor remote sensing.

Neuroprotective Effect of Bu-Shen-Huo-Xue Extract against High Glucose-induced Apoptosis in PC12 Cells

Objective： To investigate the neuroprotective effect of Bu-Shen-Huo-Xue （BSHX） extract, a polyherbal formula, against High Glucose （HG）-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells. Methods： Cell viability assay, Lactate Dehydrogenase （LDH） assay, Reactive Oxygen Species （ROS） detection, Hoechst 33258, Acridine Orange （AO）/Ethidium Bromide （EB） double stain and Mitochondrial Membrane Potential （MMP） assay were performed. In addition, Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, PARP, cleaved PARP, cytochrome c and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases （MAPKs） were detected by western blot. Results： BSHX extract increased cell viability and decreased LDH leakage in a concentration-dependent manner in HG-induced PC12 cells. Moreover, BSHX extract decreased the level of intracellular ROS, increased mitochondrial membrane potential, regulated the expressions of Bax and Bcl-2, and inhibited the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria. Furthermore, BSHX extract attenuated the activation of caspase-3 and PARP, and inhibited the phosphorylations of c-Jun N-terminal kinase （JNK） and p38 MAPKs. Conclusion： BSHX extract exhibited significant neuroprotective effect on HG-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. This effect may be associated with the suppression of ROS generation as well as mitochondria-mediated caspase and JNK/p38 MAPK signaling pathways.

Clinical Efficacy and Therapeutic Mechanisms of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Neuroprotection and Neurogenesis in Stroke Treatment

Stroke is the leading cause of human disability with limited effective drugs availability. The disruption of multiple signaling pathways in stroke makes developing new drugs be difficult. Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has its unique advantage in targeting multiple signaling pathways with multiple components. Many TCM formulas have the potential for neuroprotection and neurogenesis, but well-designed clinical trials are insufficient and underlying mechanisms unclear. Herein, we introduce the commonly used TCM formulas for stroke treatment and selectively introduce two classic formulas, An Gong Niu Huang(AGNH) pill and Bu Yang Huan Wu Decoction(BYHWD) for neuroprotection and neurogenesis, respectively. Current scientific evidence and clinical trials indicate AGNH pill could be an effective neuroprotective formula as adjunct therapy with relative safety. On the other hand, as a representative TCM formula for post stroke disability, BYHWD could improve the neurological outcome with its neuroprotective and neurogenic effects. The underlying mechanisms could be attributed to the modulation of multiple molecular targets with its multiple components. In conclusion, TCM formulas could be potential adjunct therapies for stroke treatment. The clinical efficacies and molecular mechanisms of promoting neuroprotection and neurogenesis remain to be further studies.

Neural Network Pruning Algorithm with Penalty OBS Process

Aimed at the great computing complexity of optimal brain surgeon (OBS) process, a pruning algorithm with penalty OBS process is presented. Compared with sensitive and regularized methods, the penalty OBS algorithm not only avoids time-consuming defect and low pruning efficiency in OBS process, but also keeps higher generalization and pruning accuracy than Levenberg-Marquardt method.

Robust adaptive control for a class of uncertain non-affine nonlinear systems using neural state feedback compensation

A robust adaptive control is proposed for a class of uncertain nonlinear non-affine SISO systems. In order to approximate the unknown nonlinear function, an affine type neural network(ATNN) and neural state feedback compensation are used, and then to compensate the approximation error and external disturbance, a robust control term is employed. By Lyapunov stability analysis for the closed-loop system, it is proven that tracking errors asymptotically converge to zero. Moreover, an observer is designed to estimate the system states because all the states may not be available for measurements. Furthermore, the adaptation laws of neural networks and the robust controller are given based on the Lyapunov stability theory. Finally, two simulation examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control method. Finally, two simulation examples show that the proposed method exhibits strong robustness, fast response and small tracking error, even for the non-affine nonlinear system with external disturbance, which confirms the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

Dynamic Velocity Feed-Forward Compensation Control with RBF-NN System Identification for Industrial Robots

A dynamic velocity feed-forward compensation （RBF-NN） dynamic model identification was presented for control （DVFCC） approach with RBF neural network the adaptive trajectory tracking of industrial robots. The proposed control approach combined the advantages of traditional feedback closed-loop position control and computed torque control based on inverse dynamic model. The feed-forward compensator used a nominal robot dynamics as accurate dynamic model and on-line identification with RBF-NN as uncertain part to improve dynamic modeling accu- racy. The proposed compensation was applied as velocity feed-forward by an inverse velocity controller that can con- vert torque signal into velocity in the standard industrial controller. Then, the need for a torque control interface was avoided in the real-time dynamic control of industrial robot. The simulations and experiments were carried out on a gas cutting manipulator. The results show that the proposed control approach can reduce steady-state error, suppress overshoot and enhance tracking accuracy and efficiency in joint space and Cartesian space, especially under high- speed condition.

Inguinodynia following Lichtenstein tension-free hernia repair:A review

Chronic Groin Pain (Inguinodynia) following inguinal hernia repair is a significant,though under-reported problem. Mild pain lasting for a few days is common following mesh inguinal hernia repair. However,moderate to severe pain persisting more than 3 mo after inguinal herniorrhaphy should be considered as pathological. The major reasons for chronic groin pain have been identified as neuropathic cause due to inguinal nerve(s) damage or non-neuropathic cause due to mesh or other related factors. The symptom complex of chronic groin pain varies from a dull ache to sharp shooting pain along the distribution of inguinal nerves. Thorough history and meticulous clinical examination should be performed to identify the exact cause of chronic groin pain,as there is no single test to confirm the aetiology behind the pain or to point out the exact nerve involved. Various studies have been performed to look at the difference in chronic groin pain rates with the use of mesh vs non-mesh repair,use of heavyweight vs lightweight mesh and mesh fixation with sutures vs glue. Though there is no convincing evidence favouring one over the other,lightweight meshes are generally preferred because of their lesser foreign body reaction and better tolerance by the patients. Identification of all three nerves has been shown to be an important factor in reducing chronic groin pain,though there are no well conducted randomised studies to recommend the benefits of nerve excision vs preservation. Both nonsurgical and surgical options have been tried for chronic groin pain,with their consequent risks of analgesic sideeffects,recurrent pain,recurrent hernia and significant sensory loss. By far the best treatment for chronic groin pain is to avoid bestowing this on the patient by careful intra-operative handling of inguinal structures and better patient counselling pre-and post-herniorraphy.