如何“穿戴”

用英语怎样“穿戴”和“着衣”呢?有些同学迷惑不解,看了下文,你就明白了。

“穿戴”动词语义图

语言中的"穿戴"义动词常常具有多义性。文章在语义图模型的框架下,运用19种语言或方言中41个多义"穿戴"动词的材料,构建了包含12个节点的"穿戴"动词概念空间,这个概念空间包含了一系列的蕴含共性,对语言中"穿戴"动词的意义范围及意义之间的关联做出了普遍的制约;据此所绘制的不同语言中"穿戴"动词语义图直观地展示了这些动词在语义上的共性和差异。语言中的"穿戴"动词在语义演变的方向上可能具有某些普遍的倾向,但穿戴物的形制特点、功能以及与之相应的识解对其扩展方向具有决定性的影响。

Ultrasensitive stretchable patches for joint motion monitoring

Wearable devices have great application potential in the next generation of smart portable electronics,especially in the fields of medical monitoring,soft robotics,artificial intelligence,and human-machine interfaces.Piezoelectric flexible strain sensors are key components of wearable devices.However,existing piezoelectric flexible strain sensors have certain limitations in weak signal monitoring due to their large modulus and low sensitivity.To solve this problem,the concept of Kirigami(paper-cutting)was introduced in this study to design the sensor structure.By comparing the Kirigami structures of different basic structures,the serpentine structure was determined as the basic configuration of the sensor.The serpentine structure not only provides excellent tensile properties,but also significantly improves the sensitivity of the sensor,which performs well in monitoring weak signals.On this basis,the adhesion properties of the flexible sensor were analyzed and tested,and the optimal ratio of the substrate was selected for preparation.In addition,a low-cost and rapid prototyping process for stretchable patches was established in this study.Using this technology,we prepared the sensor device and tested its performance.Finally,we successfully developed a flexible sensor with a sensitivity of 0.128 mV/μɛand verified its feasibility for wrist joint motion monitoring applications.This result opens up new avenues for the recovery care of tenosynovitis patients after surgery.

On-body propagation characterization based on FDTD method for 2.4/5.2/5.7 GHz wearable body sensor networks

The on-body path loss and time delay of radio propagation in 2. 4/5.2/5.7 GHz wearable body sensor networks （W-BSN） are studied using Remcom XFDTD, a simulation tool based on the finite-difference time- domain method. The simulation is performed in the environment of free space with a simplified three- dimensional human body model. Results show that the path loss at a higher radio frequency is significantly smaller. Given that the transmitter and the receiver are located on the body trunk, the path loss relevant to the proposed minimum equivalent surface distance follows a log-fitting parametric model, and the path loss exponents are 4. 7, 4. 1 and 4. 0 at frequencies of 2. 4, 5.2, 5.7 GHz, respectively. On the other hand, the first- arrival delays are less than 2 ns at all receivers, and the maximum time delay spread is about 10 ns. As suggested by the maximum time delay spread, transmission rates of W-BSN must be less than 10^8 symbol/s to avoid intersymbol interference from multiple-path delay.

The effect of digital health technologies on managing symptoms across pediatric cancer continuum:A systematic review

Objective:Pediatric cancer patients endure multiple symptoms during treatment and also in survivorship.Digital health technologies provide an innovative way to support their symptom management.This review aimed to examine the effect of digital health technologies on managing symptoms among across pediatric cancer continuum.Methods:A systematic literature search of six English and three Chinese electronic databases was combined with hand searching,to identify eligible research studies from database establishment to November 30,2019.Two reviewers carried out data selection,data extraction,and quality appraisal independently.A narrative approach was taken to summarize data.Results:Four randomized control trials,two quasi-experiments,and five one group pre-posttest designed studies,were included in the review with a total of 425 participants.The methodological quality of the studies was generally fair.Seven symptoms(anxiety,depression,pain,anger,fatigue,fear,distress)and seven digital health technologies(visual reality,website,humanoid robot,app,wearable devices,short messages and videoconference)were reported in the included studies.Conclusions:Current evidence supports the effect of digital health technologies is generally mixed and inconclusive.There is a trend of positive effects found in the interventions that feature digital health technologies’interactive function.This review highlights the need for further investigation with rigorous research designs and the consideration of influencing factors from the symptoms,participants,and context levels to inform a better digital health implementation.

Recent progress of fiber-shaped batteries towards wearable application

Rapid development of portable or wearable devices, which is inspired by requirements of instant messaging,health monitoring and handling official business, urgently demands more tiny, flexible and light power sources. Fibershaped batteries explored in recent years become a prospective candidate to satisfy these demands. With 1D architecture,the fiber-shaped batteries could be adapted to various deformations and integrated into soft textile and other devices.Numerous researches have been reported and achieved huge promotion. To give an overview of fiber-shaped batteries,we summarized the development of fiber-shaped batteries in this review, and discussed the structure and materials in fiber-shaped batteries. The flexibility of batteries with the potential application of the batteries was also exhibited and showed the future perspective. Finally, challenges in this field were discussed, hoping to reveal research direction towards further development of fiber-shaped batteries.

A Phenomenological Understanding of Digital Processes of Subjectification： The Example of Lifelogging

By lifelogging, we understand a specific, very recent phenomenon of digital technology, which falls within the range of practices of the quantified self. It is a complex form of self-management through self-monitoring and self-tracking practices, which combines the use of wearable computers for measuring psycho-physical performances through specific apps for the processing, selecting and describing of the data collected, possibly in combination with video recordings. Given that lifelogging is becoming increasingly widespread in technologically advanced societies and that practices related to it are becoming part of most people＇s everyday lives, it is more important than ever to gain an understanding of the phenomenon. In this paper, I am interested in particular in exploring the issue of the transformations in the perception, comprehension, and construction of self, and hence in subjectification practices, deriving from the new digital technologies, and especially lifelogging.

Superhydrophobic conductive rubber band with synergistic dual conductive layer for wide-range sensitive strain sensor

Wearable electronic devices have received increasing interests because of their excellent flexibility,stretchability,and human friendliness.As the core components,flexible strain sensors integrated with wide working range,high sensitivity,and environment stability,especially in moisture or corrosive environments,remain a huge challenge.Herein,synergistic carbon nanotubes(CNTs)/reduced graphene oxide(rGO)dual conductive layer decorated elastic rubber band(RB)was successfully developed and treated with hydrophobic fumed silica(Hf-SiO_(2))for preparing superhydrophobic strain sensor.As expected,stable entangled CNTs layer and ultrasensitive microcracked rGO layer endow the sensor with extremely low detection limit(0.1%),high sensitivity(gauge factor is 685.3 at 482%strain),wide workable strain range(0–482%),fast response/recovery(200 ms/200 ms)and favorable reliability and reproducibility over 1000 cycles.Besides,the constructed Hf-SiO_(2) coating also makes the sensor exhibit excellent superhydrophobicity,self-cleaning property,and corrosion-resistance.As a proof of concept,our prepared high-performance strain sensor can realize the full-range monitoring of human motions and physiological signals even in the water environment,including pulse,vocalization,joint bending,running,and gesture recognition.Interestingly,it can also be knitted into a tactile electronic textile for spatial pressure distribution measurement.Thus,this study provides a universal technique for the preparation of high-performance strain sensors with great potential applications in the field of next-generation intelligent wearable electronics.

An ultra-sensitive and wide measuring range pressure sensor with paper-based CNT film/interdigitated structure

Flexible pressure sensors have attracted great attention due to their potential in the wearable devices market and in particular in human-machine interactive interfaces.Pressure sensors with high sensitivity,wide measurement range,and low-cost are now highly desired for such practical applications.In the present investigation,an ultrasensitive pressure sensor with wide measurement range has been successfully fabricated.Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)(uniformly sprayed on the surface of paper)comprise the sensitivity material,while lithographed interdigital electrodes comprise the substrate.Due to the synergistic effects of CNT’s high specific surface area,paper’s porous structure,interdigital electrodes’efficient contact with CNT,our pressure sensor realizes a wide measurement range from 0 to 140 kPa and exhibits excellent stability through 15,000 cycles of testing.For the paper-based CNT film/interdigitated structure(PCI)pressure sensor,the connection area between the sensitive material and interdigital electrodes dominates in the lowpressure region,while internal change within the sensitive materials plays the leading role in the high-pressure region.Additionally,the PCI pressure sensor not only displays a high sensitivity of 2.72 kPa–1(up to 35 kPa)but also can detect low pressures,such as that exerted by a resting mung bean(about 8 Pa).When attached to the surface of a human body,the pressure sensor can monitor physiological signals,such as wrist movement,pulse beats,or movement of throat muscles.Furthermore,the pressure sensor array can identify the spatial pressure distribution,with promising applications in humanmachine interactive interfaces.

Pt/Zn heterostructure as efficient air-electrocatalyst for long-life neutral Zn-air batteries

Neutral Zn-air batteries(ZABs) have attracted much attention due to the enhanced lifespan and stability.However, their development is suppressed by the poor catalytic properties of the air-electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction(OER). Hence,the exploration of highly efficient electrocatalysts for neutral ZABs is critical. Herein, we designed an economical heterostructure of Pt nanoparticle-modified Zn nanoplates(Pt/Zn NPs). Compared with commercial Pt/C electrocatalyst, our Pt/Zn heterostructure exhibits comparable catalytic properties and ultrahigh stability in neutral media. The heterostructure can reduce the dosage of Pt and offer sufficient active sites,resulting in enhanced catalytic properties for ORR/OER in neutral media. When applied to neutral ZABs as air cathode,our heterostructure exhibits a high power density of 45 mW cm^(-2) and excellent stability of more than 850 cycles with negligible decay, making it the most efficient and robust one in neutral electrolyte. This approach opens a new avenue to strategically design catalysts with high activity for neutral ZABs, rendering them potential in portable and wearable electronic devices.

Full-color flexible laser displays based on random laser arrays

Flexible laser display is a critical component for an information output port in next-generation wearable devices.So far,the lack of appropriate display panels capable of providing sustained operation under rigorous mechanical conditions impedes the development of flexible laser displays with high reliability.Owing to the multiple scattering feedback mechanism,random lasers render high mechanical flexibility to withstand deformation,thus making them promising candidates for flexible display planes.However,the inability to obtain pixelated random laser arrays with highly ordered emissive geometries hinders the application of flexible laser displays in the wearable device.Here,for the first time,we demonstrate a mass fabrication strategy of full-color random laser arrays for flexible display panels.The feedback closed loops can be easily fulfilled in the pixels by multiple scatterings to generate durative random lasing.Due to the sustained operation of random laser,the display performance was well-maintained under mechanical deformations,and as a result,a flexible laser display panel was achieved.Our finding will provide a guidance for the development of flexible laser displays and laser illumination devices.

High-efficiency colorful perovskite solar cells using TiO2 nanobowl arrays as a structured electron transport layer

The rapid development of perovskite solar cells(PSCs) has stimulated great interest in the fabrication of colorful PSCs to meet the needs of aesthetic purposes in varied applications including building integrated photovoltaics and wearable electronics. However, it remains challenging to prepare high-efficiency PSCs with attractive colors using perovskites with broad optical absorption and large absorption coefficients. Here we show that high-efficiency PSCs exhibiting distinct structural colors can be readily fabricated by employing Ti O2 nanobowl(NB) arrays as a nanostructured electron transport layer to integrate with a thin overlayer of perovskite on the NB arrays. A new crystalline precursor film based on lead acetate was prepared through a Lewis acid-base adduct approach, which allowed for the formation of a uniform overlayer of high-quality CH3 NH3 Pb I3 crystals on the inner walls of the NBs. The PSCs fabricated using the Ti O2 NB arrays showed angle-dependent vivid colors under light illumination. The resultant colorful PSCs exhibited a remarkable photovoltaic performance with a champion efficiency up to16.94% and an average efficiency of 15.47%, which are recordbreaking among the reported colorful PSCs.

An integrated flexible multifunctional sensing system for simultaneous monitoring of environment signals

With the rapid development of portable devices and internet of things,the requirement of system wearability and integration accelerates the investigation of flexible multifunctional sensors.In this study,we developed an integrated flexible sensing system with four nanowire-based sensors and a Ni microwire-based temperature sensor.The four nanowirebased sensors are three kinds of photodetectors responding to lights with different wavelengths and a gas sensor.Due to the large surface volume ratio and considerable sub wavelength effect,all the nanowire-based sensors show good sensing response and excellent linear relationship between sensitivity and temperature.The as-fabricated flexible sensing system can simultaneously detect environmental parameters,including temperature change,light intensities from UV-Visible to near infrared regions,and harmful gas concentration.Our flexible multifunctional sensing system therefore opens up a new way for the emerging portable and wearable electronics.

An intelligent light-managing ionic skin for UV-protection,IR stealth,and optical camouflaged Morse codes

Ionic skins that demonstrate great advantages in the mechanical properties and multiple sensory capabilities are regarded as an attractive candidate to mimic functions of human skin.However,human skin is vulnerable to be damaged under long-time sunlight irradiation,and most of the current ionic skins also lack a protection against harmful ultraviolet and infrared lights.Herein,this work develops a multifunctional ionic skin based on ionic conductive and light-managing hydrogels via a facile one-step locally confined polymerization.It is mechanically adaptable,able to modulate light in the broadband solar spectrum,and protect human skin from the harmful ultraviolet and infrared lights.Moreover,without complicated processing,the ionic skin enables human-machine interactions via wireless and optical camouflaged Morse codes.We believe this work will promote the development of smart wearable devices with multiple customizable functions.

Multifunctional devices based on planar microsupercapacitors:Progress and challenges

With the boom of portable,wearable,and implantable smart electronics in the last decade,the demand for multifunctional microscale electrochemical energy storage devices has increased.Owing to their excellent rate performance,high power density,long cycling lifetime,easy fabrication,and integration,multifunctional planar microsupercapacitors(PMSCs)are deemed as one of the ideal micropower sources for next-generation flexible on-chip electronics.Therefore,we offer a comprehensive overview of the recent progress regarding multifunctional devices based on PMSCs,including stretchable,self-healing,stimulus-responsive,thermosensitive,biodegradable,and temperaturetolerant microdevices.We also emphasize the unique applications of multifunctionally integrated PMSCs in the construction of self-powered and sensor-integrated systems in terms of multifunctional operation modes.Finally,the key challenges and future prospects related to these multifunctional devices are discussed to stimulate further research in this flourishing field.

Excitation-dependent perovskite/polymer films for ultraviolet visualization

Ultraviolet(UV)visualization has extensive applications in military and civil fields such as security monitoring,space communication,and wearable equipment for health monitoring in the internet of things(IoT).Due to their remarkable optoelectronic features,perovskite materials are regarded as promising candidates for UV light detecting and imaging.Herein,we report for the first time the excitationdependent perovskite/polymer films with dynamically tunable fluorescence ranging from green to magenta by changing the UV excitation from 260 to 380 nm.And they still render dynamic multicolor UV light imaging with different polymer matrixes,halogen ratios,and cations of perovskite materials.The mechanism of its fluorescence change is related to the chloride vacancies in perovskite materials.A patterned multi-color ultraviolet visualization pad is also demonstrated for visible conversion of the UV region.This technique may provide a universal strategy for information securities,UV visualizations,and dynamic multi-color displays in the IoT.