“三阶段”课程论文教学模式探索——以本科《系统工程》课程教学为例

当前高校课程论文教学中仍然存在课程论文写作前目标不明确、写作中启发互动质量不高、写作后评价体系不健全等问题。本文提出"写作前引导—写作中指导—写作后评价"的"三阶段"改进课程论文教学模式,并将其应用在本科《系统工程》课程教学中。实践证明,采取学生分组、写作前引导、写作中分类指导、写作后教师评价与学生互评相结合的方法,可以有效提高学生学习的积极性,改进课程论文的教学效果。同时,"三阶段"课程论文教学模式从论文选题、查阅文献、收集资料、论文内容、论文格式等方面都进行了系统指导,为学生科研素质的培养与提升奠定了良好基础,提升学生了的科研水平和能力,从而提高了教学质量。

贪官外逃的“系统工程”

中国贪官外逃潮是近几年来才引人注目的.据新华社报道,"截至2002年底,根据不完全统计,目前有超过4000多名贪污贿赂犯罪嫌疑人携公款50多亿元人民币在逃."

基于SpringBoot的地方高校软件工程专业建设管理系统的设计与实现

信息技术的飞速发展提升了各行各业的管理运行效率,地方高校专业建设管理也可借鉴。由于整理繁杂的专业建设资源、评估专业成果水平的工作耗时耗力,文章以地方高校软件工程专业为研究对象,以省级特色高水平专业建设要求为目标,以规范管理为目的研发本系统。系统采用SpringBoot、MyBatis-plus作为后台开发框架,模板引擎Beetl进行前端开发,MySQL关系型数据库作为数据持久库,功能涵盖培养模式及目标、教学资源、课程体系建设、师资队伍、教学质量保障、培养效果和产教融合等,既方便整合、检索专业历年来建设资料,也有助于从数据分析角度出发,精准获取专业在人才培养过程中存在的不足,为科学管理和特色发展服务。系统运行稳定、健壮性强,响应时间快,满足设计要求。

信息时代的全息系统工程

“系统工程”这门科学技术出现以来已过半个世纪。它产生于科学研宄、工程技术和社会生活的实践，经过工程实践和理论研究抽象出来，又由一批大科学和技术工程的推动而发展和丰富起来。20世纪末出现的微电子技术和信息科学突飞猛进，为科学技术各领域提供了强有力的信息采集和储存能力。数据计算分析和逻辑运算工具和装备，对科技亨业的发展产生了新的强大推动力。而系统工程也因此如虎添翼，迈入了蓬勃发展的新时期，变成“全息系统工程”。

FLIGHT CONFLICT FO RECASTING BASED ON CHAOTIC TIME SERIES

In order to grasp the evolution of flight conflict amount accurately and to forecast the amount, chaos in flight conflicts is studied. Firstly, a fault tree of flight conflicts is established based on the man-machine-environ- ment system engineering theory. The chaotic characteristics of flight conflict are analyzed from the qualitative point of view. Secondly, an improved chaotic algorithm for the largest Lyapunov exponent is proposed based on the small-data method and the wavelet de-noising theory. Chaos in flight conflict time series is identified by the improved chaotic algorithm from the quantitative point of view. Finally, a case study by the chaos forecasting al- gorithm is performed and the results are evaluated by the gray error checking ： Correlative value of posterior error is 0. 220 9〈0. 35, and micro-error probability is 0. 985 3〉0.95. Such results show the chaos forecasting algo- rithm is effective, thus it is feasible to analyze and forecast flight conflict by chaotic theory.

Establishment of Optimized Eco-productive Paradigm in the Farming-Pastoral Zone of Northern China

The farming-pastoral zone of northern China plays a dual role in ecological conditions and production and occupies an important position in the national economy. In this paper, the methodology of system engineering is introduced to construct and optimize an eco-productive paradigm system for the typical areas of the farming-pastoral zone. The system was constructed in the following steps: (1) design the framework of the paradigm system based on the data of physical site characteristics, biocommunities, production and economy, social culture and historical changes; (2) analyze the vegetation patterns, the interactions between vegetation and environmental factors (natural, social, economic, etc.) and the contributions of vegetation to the area, including the synthesis of the existing researches; and (3) provide the spatial arrangements of ecosystems and planning of each area, raise a comprehensive indicators of evaluation, evaluate the feasibility and soundness, and determine the optimum eco-productive paradigms for policy-makers which were land-use patterns within the threshold of ecological conservation. Three primitive paradigms of Maowusu (Mu Us) Ssandy Land, Loess Plateau and Huailai Basin in the farming-pastoral zone of northern China were proposed according to this paradigm system.

APPLICATION OF GREY SYSTEM THEORY TO PROCESSING OF MEASURING DATA IN REVERSE ENGINEERING

The processing of measuri ng data plays an important role in reverse engineering. Based on grey system the ory, we first propose some methods to the processing of measuring data in revers e engineering. The measured data usually have some abnormalities. When the abnor mal data are eliminated by filtering, blanks are created. The grey generation an d GM(1,1) are used to create new data for these blanks. For the uneven data sequ en ce created by measuring error, the mean generation is used to smooth it and then the stepwise and smooth generations are used to improve the data sequence.

Design and Implementation of Biogas Plants Geographic Information System

[Objective] A kind of biogas engineering geographic information system was designed and realized.[Method] Based on the data of the investigation of the large and medium-sized biogas projects in Beijing,the system user＇s need and function demand were studied.Sub-system function was divided.By using SuperMap IS.NET,C# and SQL Server 2005 as the database and WebGIS frame,the system spatial and attribute database were designed so as to realize the WebGIS software of biogas project in Beijing.[Result] The system provided application platform for the distribution of biogas project information.User can realize the submission and inquiry the feedback of biogas project information based on system application right etc,so as to visually,fully and precisely inquiry project data.Based on the comprehensive analysis of data,the current state of biogas project and change trend were studied and decided.[Conclusion] The system provided convenience and services to relevant departments＇ planning and management of biogas project.

Multimedia Engineering Database Management Systems

In the Engine CAD application system engineering database management system (ECAD-EDBMS) is the kernel. ECAD-EDBMS can manage and process the multimedia such as graphics, data, text, sound, image and video. It provides the integrated environment and more functions for many subsystems of ECAD and engine designers. So it improves the design efficiency.

Open multilevel hierarchic intelligent control system for eco-industrial system

In allusion to the characteristics of the open complex giant system, an open multilevel hierarchic intelligent control system is established for the eco-industrial system. With the idea of the open engineering system, using the hall for workshop of metasynthetic engineering （HWME）, intelligent control techniques, the expert system and the design of experiments are integrated within the framework of the nonlinear multiobjective decision support system to develop a robust, top-level design specification so as to make the system have the quality of adaptive control, self-organizing, self-learning and robustness. Finally, an illustrative example is given to clarify the effectiveness of the method.

A working model of the Internet-based steel construction consulting system for architects

As Internet becomes largely used in the AEC (architecture, engineering andconstruction) industry, the main focus is in the area of information and project management. In thedynamic engineering consulting, less has been done so far. This research tries to find thepossibility and potential of the Internet application in design and consulting for the AEC industryby proposing a working model in specific area, steel construction. Several issues have beendiscussed: defining and formatting the typical procedure and character of the steel constructionconsulting, behavior approach based on activities among partners, and the model organization.

Retalks on holographic teaching methods of foreign language： With discussion on ＂The analysis of teaching methods of ‘Crazy English＇＂

Foreign Language Learning is a kind of ability which enables people to learn how to handle speech information. A foreign language learner can study foreign language well in a quick way only if he could grasp the essential feature of the speech system and is trained in a harmonious way which is a combination of sound, meaning, feeling, mien and speed and all of his doings should be carried out on the basis of systematic engineering principles and in accordance with the research findings of modern psychological linguistics. This paper aims to probe into the physiological-psychological mechanism of speech, its essential features and ways of improving the ability of foreign language listening and speaking in the perspective of systematic engineering principles.

Multiobjective Optimization of Simulated Moving Bed by Tissue P System

The binaphthol enantiomers separation process using simulation moving bed technology is simulated with the true moving bed approach （TMB）. In order to systematically optimize the process with multiple productive objectives, this article develops a variant of tissue P system （TPS）. Inspired by general tissue P systems, the special TPS has a tissue-like structure with several membranes. The key rules of each membrane are the communication rule and mutation rule. These characteristics contribute to the diversity of the population, the conquest of the multimodal of objective function, and the convergence of algorithm. The results of comparison with a popular algorithm——the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm 2（NSGA-2） illustrate that the new algorithm has satisfactory performance. Using the algorithm, this study maximizes synchronously several conflicting objectives, purities of different products, and productivity.

Debris Flow Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of NonStructural Strategies in Taiwan

Taiwan has disadvantageous conditions for sediment-related disasters such as debris flows. The construction of engineering structures is an effective strategy for reducing debris flow disasters. However, it is impossible to construct engineering structures in all debris flow areas in a short period. Therefore, the government aims to gradually develop non-structural preventive strategies, including evacuation planning, debris flow disaster emergency action system, disaster resistant community program, recruitment of debris flow professional volunteers, debris flow warning systems, and land management strategies, to mitigate disasters and secure the safety of residents. This review describes the processes and effects of recent debris flow non-structural preventive strategies in Taiwan. The average number of casualties prior to the year 2000 was far higher than the corresponding number after 2000 because debris flow evacuation drills have been promoted since 2000 and the debris flow disaster emergency action system has been progressively improved since 2002. Furthermore, the changes in risks caused by debris flow disasters before and after the implementation of non-structural preventive strategies were used to explain the effectiveness of these strategies at the community level. The results showed that softwarebased non-structural preventive strategies can effectively reduce the casualties caused by debris flows at both the national and community levels.

A Model of Application System for Man-Machine-Environment System Engineering in Vessels Based on IDEF0

Applying man-machine-environment system engineering(MMESE)in vessels is a method to improve the effectiveness of the interaction between equipment, environment, and humans for the purpose of advancing operating efficiency, performance, safety, and habitability of a vessel and its subsystems. In the following research, the life cycle of vessels was divided into 9 phases, and 15 research subjects were also identified from among these phases. The 15 subjects were systemized, and then the man-machine-environment engineering system application model for vessels was developed using the ICAM definition method 0 (IDEF0), which is a systematical modeling method. This system model bridges the gap between the data and information flow of every two associated subjects with the major basic research methods and approaches included, which brings the formerly relatively independent subjects together as a whole. The application of this systematic model should facilitate the application of man-machine-environment system engineering in vessels, especially at the conceptual and embodiment design phases. The managers and designers can deal with detailed tasks quickly and efficiently while reducing repetitive work.

Geo-engineered buffer capacity of two-layered absorbing system under the impact of rock avalanches based on Discrete Element Method

Many rock avalanches were triggered by the Wenchuan earthquake on May 12, 2008 in southwest China. Protection galleries covered with a single soil layer are usually used to protect against rockfall. Since one-layer protection galleries do not have sufficient buffer capacity, a two-layered absorbing system has been designed. This study aims to find whether an expanded poly-styrol （EPS） cushion, which is used in the soil-covered protection galleries for shock absorption, could be positioned under dynamic loadings. The dynamic impacts of the two-layered absorbing system under the conditions of rock avalanches are numerically simulated through a 2D discrete dement method. By selecting reasonable parameters, a series of numerical experiments were conducted to find the best combination for the two- layered absorbing system. The values of the EPS layer area as a percentage of the total area were set as 0% （Sl）, 22~ （S2）, and 70% （$3）. 22~ of the area of the EPS layer was found to be a reasonable value, and experiments were conducted to find the best position of the EPS layer in the two-layered absorbing system. The numerical results yield useful conclusions regarding the interaction between the impacting avalanches and the two-layered absorbing system. The soil layer can absorb the shock energy effectively and S2 （0.4-m thick EPS cushion covered with soil layer） is the most efficient combination, which can reduce the impact force, compared with the other combinations.

The Dynamic Flexibility of Batch Exothermic Reaction System： Take into Account the Effect of the Initial Operational Temperature

It is shown in this article that by changing the initial operation condition of the batch processes, the dynamic performance of the system can be varied largely, especially for the initial operational temperature of the exothermic reaction. The initial operation condition is often ignored in the designing batch processes for flexibility against disturbances or parameter variations. When the initial condition is not rigid as in the case of a batch reactor, where the initial reaction temperature is quite arbitrary, optimization can also be applied to determine the ＂best＂ initial condition to use. Problems for dynamic flexibility analysis of exothermic reaction including initial temperature and process operation can be formulated as dynamic optimization problems. Formulations are derived when the initial conditions are considered or not. When the initial conditions are considered, the initial condition can be transferred into control variables in the first optimal step. The solution of the dynamic optimization is on the basis of Rugge-Kutta integration algorithm and decomposition search algorithm. This method, as illustrated and tested with two highly nonlinear process problems, enables the determination of the optimal level. The dynamic performance is improved by the proposed method in the two exothermic reaction examples.

Systems Neuroengineering: Understanding and Interacting with the Brain

In this paper, we review the current state- of-the-art techniques used for understanding the inner workings of the brain at a systems level. The neural activity that governs our everyday lives involves an intricate coordination of many processes that can be attributed to a variety of brain regions. On the surface, many of these functions can appear to be controlled by specific anatomical structures; however, in reality, numerous dynamic networks within the brain contribute to its function through an interconnected web of neuronal and synaptic pathways. The brain, in its healthy or pathological state, can therefore be best understood by taking a systems-level approach. While numerous neuroengineering technologies exist, we focus here on three major thrusts in the field of systems neuroengineering： neuroimaging, neural interfacing, and neuromodulation. Neuroimaging enables us to delineate the structural and functional organization of the brain, which is key in understanding how the neural system functions in both normal and disease states. Based on such knowledge, devices can be used either to communicate with the neural system, as in neural interface systems, or to modulate brain activity, as in neuromodulation systems. The consideration of these three fields is key to the development and application of neuro-devices. Feedback-based neuro-devices require the ability to sense neural activity （via a neuroimaging modality） through a neural interface （invasive or noninvasive） and ultimately to select a set of stimulation parameters in order to alter neural function via a neuromodulation modality. Systems neuroengineering refers to the use of engineering tools and technologies to image, decode, and modulate the brain in order to comprehend its functions and to repair its dysfunction. Interactions between these fields will help to shape the future of systems neuroengineering--to develop neurotechniques for enhancing the understanding of whole- brain function and dysfunction, and the management of neurological and mental disorders.

Carbon sequestration of plantation in Beijing-Tianjin sand source areas

The Beijing-Tianjin Sand Source Control Project(BTSSCP), a national ecological restoration project, was launched to construct an ecological protection system in the Beijing-Tianjin sand source areas to reduce dust hazards. The carbon sequestration dynamics can be used to assess the ecological effects of an ecological restoration project. Here, we conducted vegetation and soil study to assess the carbon sequestration in the plantations with 10 years old stands in Beijing-Tianjin sand source areas. The results at the site scales indicated that the average net increase of plantation ecosystem carbon stock was 33.8 Mg C ha^(-1), with an annual increase rate of 3.38 Mg C ha^(-1) yr^(-1). The average net increase of carbon varied among regions, vegetation types, and forest management activities. Soil bulk density in the top soil decreased slightly after 10-year implementation of the project. Coniferous forests and shrubs are suitable plant species for sand source areas.Natural restoration in the plantations is a practical and feasible and promising approach for enhancing ecosystem carbon sequestration potential.