“红”“绿”结合:生态学马克思主义理论评析

生态学马克思主义在理论来源、理论演变、理论主张以及政治实践上展现出"红"(社会革命)"绿"(生态运动、生态革命)结合的旨趣。它不同于一般的绿色理论,既推进了资本主义批判理论的发展深度,又给马克思主义的当代发展带来深刻启示。

数字资源服务下“红”“绿”与高校思政课的融合探究

思政课是"有生命"的关键课程。数字资源服务下,"红""绿"为思政课吐故纳新注入新的源泉,增强了思政课的思想性、理论性、亲和力和针对性。"红""绿"融入思政课,高校教学方式、方法、内容需加以转变,分别以学生为主体、以创新为基底、以效果为参考,加强教师队伍建设,为思政课堂融入新思想创设环境,助力创新性思政课堂的开展。

生态学马克思主义生态批判理论的多维视角

生态学马克思主义针对资本主义生产方式及其社会制度的反生态本性问题,展开了生态视角的技术批判、异化消费视域的批判、经济理性的批判、生态殖民主义批判、生态中心主义的红色批判和意识形态层面的批判6大批判,表现出"红""绿"结合的理论特征。

Red wine and green tea reduce H pylori- or VacA-induced gastritis in a mouse model

AIM： To investigate whether red wine and green tea could exert anti-H pylori or anti-VacA activity in vivo in a mouse model of experimental infection. METHODS： Ethanol-free red wine and green tea concentrates were administered orally as a mixture of the two beverages to H pylori infected mice, or separately to VacA-treated mice. Gastric colonization and gastric inflammation were quantified by microbiological, histopathological, and immunohistochemical analyses.RESULTS： In H pylori-infected mice, the red wine and green tea mixture significantly prevented gastritis and limited the localization of bacteria and VacA to the surface of the gastric epithelium. Similarly, both beverages significantly prevented gastric epithelium damage in VacA-treated mice; green tea, but not red wine, also altered the VacA localization in the gastric epithelium. CONCLUSION： Red wine and green tea are able to prevent H pylori-induced gastric epithelium damage, possibly involving VacA inhibition. This observation supports the possible relevance of diet on the pathological outcome of Hpylori infection.

Use of calcein and alizarin red S for immersion marking of black rockfish Sebastes schlegelii juveniles

Black rockfish Sebastes schlegelii juveniles （30-40 mm total length） were immersed in a range of calcein （CAL） solutions at concentrations ranging from 50 to 250 mg/L and alizarin red S （ARS） solutions at concentrations ranging from 100 to 500 mg/L in filtered seawater （salinity 30） for 24 h. Fluorescent marks were detected in otoliths （sagittae, asteriscus）, scales, fin rays （dorsal, pectoral, ventral, anal, and caudal fin rays）, and fin spines （dorsal, ventral, and anal fin spines） after a 60-d growth experiment. With the exception of 50-100 rng/L CAL, acceptable marks were produced in the otoliths and fin spines by all concentrations of CAL and ARS. In particular, marks were clearly visible under normal light in the sagittae, asteriscus, and fin spines offish immersed in 200 500 mg/L, 300-500 rag/L, and 200-500 mg/LARS, respectively. Scales and fin rays had acceptable marks at much higher concentrations （≥50 mg/L CAL, ≥300 mg/L ARS for scales and ≥50 mg/L CAL,≥200 mg/L ARS for fin rays）. The mark quality was highest （i.e., acceptable marks were observed in all sampled structures after immersion marking） in fish immersed in 150-250 mg/L CAL or 300-500 mg/LARS. In addition, there was no significant difference in survival and growth of marked fish compared with controls 60 d post-marking （P〉0.05）.

Cellular Automata Model for a Specific Traffic Problem

We examine the possibility of using alternative roads when confronted with traffic congestion. One is the main road; the second alternative is through a secondary road into which additional cars are coming. To keep the total number of vehicles constant, we subtract on the main road the same number of cars as where added to the bypass. We check the Fourier transform of the average on each traffic light cycles of the velocity on the main road and bypass. In the jammed region we obtained different results for the main road and for the bypass. Whereas for the main road we obtained l/f, for the bypass we obtained ＂red noise＂, i.e., 1/f2.

Experimental evaluation of fluorescent (alizarin red S and calcein) and clip-tag markers for stock assessment of ark shell, Anadara broughtonii

Release programs to enhance stocks of ark shell(Anadara broughtonii) have been undertaken in a number of Asian countries,but their effectiveness has rarely been investigated owing to a lack of marking methods.The quality and longevity of fluorescent markers,alizarin red S(ARS) and calcein(CAL)(200 and 300 mg/L),as well as clip tags,were tested on juvenile A.broughtonii.No significant differences in survival or shell growth were observed in juveniles stained with either of the two fluorochromes after a 160-day culture period,but the retention rate was 100%after 1 year.Fluorescent marks(>grade 3) were observable microscopically in juveniles stained with the two fluorochromes,and some fluorescent marks(>grade 4) were visible with the naked eye after 1 year.ARS-marked shells were brighter than those marked with CAL,and shells marked with 300 mg/L of the fluorochromes were easier to detect than those marked with 200 mg/L.Clip tags were incorporated into the shell as the bivalve grew,and the retention rate was64.25%after 160 days.Significant differences in survival(at 30 days),shell length(at 60,90,120,and 160days),and wet weight(at 90,120,and 160 days) were observed between the clip-tagged and control groups(all P<0.05),indicating that the tags may have passive effects on the ark shell.The results suggest that both ARS and CAL are suitable to mark A.broughtonii for large-scale restocking programs,and that optimal marking quality was achieved with 300 mg/L ARS.Lighter and smaller clip tags need to be developed to reduce injury and increase survival rate of clams.

Rapid determination of production date for green tea by near-infrared spectroscopy

Coupled with partial least squares(PLS),near infrared(NIR)spectroscopy was applied to develop a fast and nondestructive method to identify the production date of Rizhao green tea aiming at the deficiencies of the existing methods.In the modeling process,the raw spectra were first processed by five-point smoothing and first derivative.And then,moving window back propagation artificial neural network(MW-BP-ANN)was applied to select the characteristic spectral variables.After that,the calibration model was built by PLS,and the optimum model was achieved when 9 principal component scores(PCs)were included.The performances of the calibration models were evaluated according to root mean square error of predictionεRMSEP,correlation coefficient(C p)and residual prediction deviation(σRPD).The optimum results of the calibration model was achieved,andεRMSEP=19.965,C p=0.943 andσRPD=3.07.The overall results sufficiently demonstrate that NIR spectroscopy combined with PLS can be efficiently applied in the rapid identification of green tea production date.

Dissolved organic matter and its role in red tide succession in the East China Sea in spring

Dissolved fluorescent organic matter was measured using fluorescence excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy at three temporal points during a Synechococcus bloom after diatom bloom dispersion in spring, 2007. Carbohydrate and dissolved organic carbon were also analyzed. The relationship between organic matter and red tide succession was examined. The results show that after the diatom bloom, tyrosine-like fluorescence B intensity was very high within the water column and exhibited a negative correlation with chlorophyll a over the period of the Synechococcus bloom. Other organic matter did not exhibit this relationship with chlorophyll a. This implied that diatom bloom dispersion resulted in the release of large quantities of tyrosine-like compounds into the water. These may play a role as a nutrient source or growth-stimulating substance for the subsequent Synechococcus bloom.

Effect of Spraying Nutritional Solution ＂PRO.SOL＂ and Chelated Iron on Growth and Flowering of Gazania Plant Gazania splenden L,

The aim of this research was to study the effect of spraying nutritional solution ＂PRO.SOL＂ and chelated iron on vegetative and floral growth characteristics on Gazania plant. Randomized Complete Block Design （R.C.B.D） was adopted utilizing two applications in three replicates. Three concentration levels of nutritional solution PRO.SOL （10.00, 5.00 and 0.00 mg/L） and four concentration levels of chelated iron （90.00, 60.00, 30.00 and 0.00 mg/L） were applied in this experiment. The interaction between the two factors was also measured. The mean values were compared using L.S.D test at probability level 0.05. Spraying PRO.SOL at concentration 10.00 mg/L or chelated iron concentration level 90.00 mg/L improved growth parameters. There was significant increase in： number of total leaves per plant, shoot dry weight, leaves total chlorophyll content, number of off-shoots, number and length of primary roots, length of the peduncle, number of flowers, number of petals and flower dry weight. Meanwhile leaf carbohydrate contents, phosphorus percentage and leaf iron content were increased significantly compared with the （unsprayed plants）. The interaction treatment, spraying nutritional solution PRO.SOL at concentration level 10.00 mg/L with 90 mg Lt chelated iron had a significant increase in all studied growth parameters, i.e., the number of flowers and petals gave 8.33 flowers and 18.67 petals compared with the control treatment which gave 3.33 flowers and 13.00 petals. Meanwhile leaf carbohydrate contents, phosphorus percentage and leaf iron content increased significantly in comparison with the unsprayed plants which gave the least values.

Monitoring rapid urban expansion using a multi-temporal RGB-impervious surface model

In this paper, we developed a novel method of combining remote sensing tools at the sub-pixel level for accurate identification of impervious surface time series changes. We examined the use of the red-green-blue impervious surface model (RGB-IS) in detecting time series internal modification of urban regions by integrating Landsat data collected over four different periods between 1987 and 2009 (i.e., 1987, 2000, 2002, and 2009). The performance of this approach was compared with two conventional methods, namely standard RGB-normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and post-classification technique. In contrast to conventional techniques, RGB-IS could monitor between-class changes, within-class changes, and location of these modifications. The proposed method was independent of seasonal changes and was also able to serve as a useful alternative for quick mapping growth hotspots and updating transportation corridor map. The results also showed that Cixi County, Zhejiang Province, China experienced tremendous impervious surface changes, especially along the corridors of newly constructed highways and around urban areas over the past 22 years.

Identification of green tea origins by near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and different regression tools

In this study,near-infrared(NIR) spectroscopy was applied to efficiently and non-destructively identify Shandong green tea origins coupled with three different regression tools.Analysis results indicated that partial least squares(PLS) had better performance than back propagation artificial neural network(BP-ANN) and support vector machine(SVM).For PLS,the accuracies of identification were up to 100% for both training and testing.The results sufficiently demonstrate that NIR spectroscopy can be efficiently utilized for the non-destructive identification of green tea origins.

Estimating Leaf Chlorophyll Content Using Red Edge Parameters

Hyperspectral remote sensing makes it possible to non-destructively monitor leaf chlorophyll content （LCC）. This study characterized the geometric patterns of the first derivative reflectance spectra in the red edge region of rapeseed （Brassica napus L.） and wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） crops. The ratio of the red edge area less than 718 nm to the entire red edge area was negatively correlated with LCC. This finding allowed the construction of a new red edge param- eter, defined as red edge symmetry （RES）. Compared to the commonly used red edge parameters （red edge position, red edge amplitude, and red edge area）, RES was a better predictor of LCC. Furthermore, RES was easily calculated using the reflectance of red edge boundary wavebands at 675 and 755 nm （R675 and R755） and reflectance of red edge center wavelength at 718 nm （R718）, with the equation RES = （R71s - R675）/（R755 - R675）. In addition, RES was simulated effectively with wide wavebands from the airborne hyperspectral sensor AVIRIS and satellite hyperspectral sensor Hyperion. The close relationships between the simulated RES and LCC indicated a high feasibility of estimating LCC with simulated RES from AVIRIS and Hyperion data. This made RES readily applicable to common airborne and satellite hyperspectral data derived from AVIRIS and Hyperion sources, as well as ground-based spectral reflectance data.