应用空间统计学理论解译遥感影像信息“缺失”区

借助图像处理软件ERDAS、地理信息系统软件ArcInfo以及空间统计分析软件ILWIS ,在对TM遥感影像进行分类的基础上 ,运用空间统计学理论以及Kriging插值技术 ,内插了影像真实信息“缺失”斑块的信息 ,插值结果通过了精度检验。为解译影像信息“缺失”区 ,提供了一种手段和方法。

甘孜州神山介绍文本英译的文化“缺失”与“补偿”

在全域旅游背景下,关于神山介绍文本增加了甘孜州各地旅游的文化价值。甘孜州神山介绍文本英译服务于当地旅游形象的建设,宣传旅游文化,影响海外旅客的旅游兴致与旅游体验。因此,提高甘孜州神山介绍文本英译质量,已经成为推动当地旅游经济发展的一项迫切需求。

浅析审查起诉阶段律师辩护功能之“缺失”

文章分析了审查起诉阶段律师辩护功能“缺失”的客观表现和症结所在，论述了律师辩护功能“缺失”的基本对策，说明了研究和制定对策措施对发挥辩护功能的重要意义。

聚焦“缺失”水平对硕士研究生择业效能感的影响

硕士研究生择业效能感是一个重要却亟待丰富的领域,鲜有研究探讨其与聚焦“缺失”的关系。本文以此为主题,研究1采用择业效能感中文简式量表考察东北地区497名毕业年级硕士研究生的择业效能感水平;研究2以东北地区某高校121名毕业年级硕士研究生为被试验证聚焦“缺失”对其择业效能感的影响。结果显示,硕士研究生择业效能感总体虽处中上水平,但个体差异较大,且在是否为学生干部及是否受过相关培训等变量上差异显著;高聚焦“缺失”组被试在择业效能感的信息收集、目标筛选、制订计划和问题解决等四个维度上得分均显著低于低聚焦“缺失”组。

高中生物中有关“缺失”问题例析

在近几年高考中,涉及缺失的题目＂登台亮相＂的频率较高。由于对缺失有关内容了解得较浅,许多学生面对这类题目时一筹莫展,甚至望之却步。笔者在本文中通过几道题例来分析有关缺失的一些问题,为培养中学生的生物分析解题能力抛砖引玉。

大学课程改革的“深度”缺失与觉醒

当前我国大学课程改革存在"深度"缺失,具体表现为重形式结构轻实质结构、重表层结构轻深层结构、重课程设置轻课程实施。其原因既有传统思维和教学精神的束缚,也有现实课程理论研究不足和教师素质薄弱的影响。重新唤起课程改革的"深度"意识,必须转换观念,加强课程研究,释放教法张力以及强化教师培训。

试析台湾部分民众国家认同的发展趋势

自2008年国民党重新执政以来,海峡两岸关系在"九二共识"的基础上发生了历史性的转折,进入了自1949年以来最好的发展时期。但与两岸"大交流、大合作、大发展"形成鲜明对比的是台湾部分民众的国家认同却存在缺失的现象。本文主要通过分析台湾民众国家认同的发展轨迹,在探寻台湾部分民众国家认同缺失原因的基础上,认为可以从器物、制度、价值观三个层面上构建台湾民众对国家的认同。

Morphological and Anatomical Analyses of a Floral Organ Mutant in Rice

A spontaneously occurred rice ( Oryza sativa L.) mutant characterized by homeotic conversions in glumes and stamens was found in the progeny of a breeding material. The mutant plant shows degenerated glumes and morphological transformation of stamens into pistils. A mutant floret consists of 1 to 3 completely developed pistils and 4 to 6 incomplete pistils with no ovary. Some pistilloid stamens still have filaments but tipped by bulged tissue and 0 to 3 stigmas. Three ovaries in a single floret were observed in its cross and longitudinal sections. When the mutant plants were pollinated with pollens from wild type plants, one or two naked seeds instead of a caryopsis could be produced in a single floret. The mutant is controlled by a single recessive gene since its F 1 hybrid plants were restored to wild type and 3∶1 ratio of wild type to mutant plants were observed in the progeny of heterozygotes. It seems that the mutant phenotype of the homeotic conversions in glumes and stamens is similar to that of the B loss_of_function mutants in Arabidopsis and Antirrhinum .

Effects of Homologous Genome 7 on Gas Exchange and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters of Wheat

[Objective]To study the effects of homologous chromosomes 7 （7A,7B and 7D） on wheat photosynthesis and provide theoretical basis for breeding high photosynthetic efficiency wheat by genetic,physiological and biochemical means. [Method]The Triticum asetivum cultivar Chinese Spring wheat and nullisomic wheat （N7A,N7B and N7D） were planted in greenhouse. The photosynthetic indexes were determined at early filling stage. [Result]The photosynthetic rate （Pn）,stomatal conductance （Gs）,primary photochemical efficiency （Fv/Fm）,actual chemical efficiency of photosystem II （ФPS II） and apparent electron transfer rate of photosystem II （ETR） were significantly lower in the N7A and N7B than in the Chinese Spring （P0.05）. The photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance was significantly lower in the N7D than in the Chinese Spring （P0.05）. The Fv/Fm,ФPS II,ETR of N7D were higher than that of the Chinese Spring without significant difference. [Conclusion]The homologous chromosomes 7A and 7B have positive effects on photosynthetic rate and have relationship with stomatal conductance and photoreaction （chlorophyll fluorescence parameters）. The homologous chromosome 7D has negative effects on photosynthetic rate,which is mainly related to stomatal conductance rather than photoreaction.

Molecular Cloning and Construction of agp Gene Deletion-mutant in Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

The agp gene encoding the ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase involved in cyanobacterial glycogen synthesis was amplified by PCR. The resulting agp fragment was cloned in plasmid pUC118 to generate plasmid pUCA. Part of the fragment within the agp DNA was deleted and replaced by an erythromycin resistance cassette to generate plasmid pUCAE, which was used to transform the Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 wild-type strain and a mutant with resistance to erythromycin was obtained. PCR analysis of the genomic DNA from the resulting mutant indicated that the appropriate deletion and insertion indeed had occurred. The cell growth and Chl a, glycogen content in the mutant showed difference from those in the wild-type strain. The obtained biomass as well as the Chl a content in the mutant strain was higher than that of the wild-type strain, which suggested that the photosynthesis efficiency in the agp(-) strain was higher than that in the wild-type strain. No glycogen was found in the mutant, providing evidence for the correction of the mutant in physiological level.

Localization of Two GFP_tagged Tobacco Plastid Division Protein NtFtsZs in Escherichia coli

Two plastid division genes, NtFtsZ1 and NtFtsZ2 isolated from Nicotiana tabacum L. were fused with gfp and expressed in Escherichia coli . The regular localizations of full length NtFtsZs∶GFP along the filamentous bacteria indicated that the NtFtsZs could recognize the potential division sites in E. coli and be polymerized with heterogeneous FtsZ from bacteria. The overexpression of NtFtsZs ∶ gfp inhibited the division of host strain cells and resulted in the long filamentous bacterial morphology. These results suggested that eukaryotic ftsZs have similar function to their prokaryotic homologs. Meanwhile, the different deletions of motifs of NtFtsZs are also employed to investigate the functions of these proteins in E. coli . The results showed that the C_terminal domains of NtFtsZs were related to the correct localization of NtFtsZs in E. coli and the N_terminal domains of NtFtsZs were responsible for the polymerization of homogeneous and heterogeneous FtsZ proteins. The significance of these results in understanding the functions of NtFtsZs in plastid division were discussed.

Microsatellite Alterations on Chromosome 8 of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Objective: To study the features of microsatellite alterations on chromosome 8 and their asso- ciation with clinicopathological characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: Ten highly- polymorphic microsatellite markers on chromosome 8 were selected to be detected for loss of heterozygosity (LOH), microsatellite instability (MSI) and allelic imbalance (AI) in 56 HCC using MegaBACE 500 auto- matic DNA analysis system. Results: LOH was found in 37 of 56 HCC (66.1%) on at least 1 locus, and the top three loci were D8S261(53.5%), D8S1721(52.5%) and D8S1771(52.5%). LOH frequency on D8S277 was signi?cantly higher in cases positive for serum HBsAg than in those negative for HBsAg (P <0.01). Similarly, LOH on D8S261, D8S298 and D8S1733 occurred more frequently in patients with negative HB- sAg than those with positive HBsAg (P <0.01). LOH on D8S298 and D8S1771 was more frequent in those tumors larger than 3 cm in size (P <0.05 or P <0.01). LOH frequencies of D8S1721 were signi?cantly higher in the patients with absent or not intact tumor capsule than in those with intact tumor capsule (P <0.05). LOH on D8S298 and D8S1771 was more frequently detected in tumors with intrahepatic metastasis than in those without intrahepatic metastasis (P <0.01). MSI was found in 12.5% (7/56) cases, and AI was found in 19.6% (11/56), no correlation was found between MSI and AI and clinicopathological character- istics of HCC. Conclusion: Frequent microsatellite alterations on chromosome 8 existed in HCC. LOH, which represents tumor suppressor gene pathway, plays a more important role in hepatocarcinogenesis; MSI representing mismatch repair gene pathway ranks next. LOH at a particula locus is associated with the clinicopathological parameters of human HCC.

原型批评下《无言的动作Ⅰ》对《圣经》的模仿与改写

作为荒诞派戏剧大师,塞缪尔·贝克特在《无言的动作Ⅰ》中向我们展示了一位有着无厘头行为的主人公。本文将从原型批评的角度出发,从该剧对《圣经》中荒凉的意象的沿袭、该剧对《圣经》全能的上帝与无力的主人公的再现以及该剧中对《圣经》中水的意象的延伸三个部分来再现该剧对《圣经》的模仿与改写。通过该剧对《圣经》的模仿与改写来进一步揭示该剧作者贝克特所感知到的上帝与现代人的沟通障碍以及他对现代人重拾精神信仰的呼吁。

Studies on Crystalline Growth of MoFe Protein from a nifZ Deleted Strain of Azotobacter vinelandii

Under a given condition of crystallization, dark brown short rhombohedron crystals could be obtained from Δ nifZ MoFe protein purified from a nifZ deleted mutant strain of Azotobacter vinelandii Lipmann. Systematic studies on the effect of concentrations of PEG 8000,MgCl 2, NaCl,Tris and buffer pH on the crystallization and crystal growth of the protein showed that the protein could not be crystallized in lower concentrations of the chemicals and lower buffer pH. A large amount of smaller crystals of the protein appeared in a week with gradual increasing in the chemical concentrations and pH≥8.0. When the chemical concentrations were further increased, the time for crystallization was increased and a few high grade crystals of larger size were formed. If the concentrations of the chemicals were continuously increased, many crystals with smaller size, and, sometimes of poor quality appeared again and eventually ceased to produce any crystals. The optimal concentration for each of the above mentioned chemicals varies with other variable factors. Only one bigger crystal (both of the longest two sides: 0.16 mm) could be obtained in a hanging drop of protein sample when the concentrations of PEG 8000, MgCl 2, NaCl,Tris and protein were kept at 1.86%, 300 mmol/L, 400 mmol/L, 53 mmol/L and 4.64 g/L , respectively, with Tris buffer pH 8.2.

AN IMPROVED FOSM METHOD FOR CALCULATING FAILURE PROBABILITY OF WELDED PIPES WITH FLAWS

The R F first order second moment method will produce more error for calculating the reliability of welded engineering pipe structures when the failure function is seriously nonlinear and the random variables don′t serve as normal distribution. In order to increase the computing accuracy of reliability, an improved FOSM method is used for calculating the failure probability of welded pipes with flaws in this paper. Because of solving the problems of the linear expansion of failure function at the failure point and constructing equivalent normal variables, the new algorithm can greatly improve the calculating accuracy of probability of the welded pipes with cracks. The examples show that this method is simple, efficient and accurate for reliability safety assessment of the welded pipes with cracks. It can save more time than the Monte Carlo method does, so that the improved FOSM method is recommended for engineering reliability safety assessment of the welded pipes with flaws.

Glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 Gene Deletion Associated with Increased Susceptibility to Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Objective： To evaluate the association of Glutathione S-transferase （GST） M1 and T1 genetic polymorphisms and susceptibility to nasopharyngeal carcinoma （NPC） in a high risk area of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region （province）, Southwest of China. Methods： A case-control study was conducted to investigate the genetic polymorphisms of these enzymes （GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes）. A total of 127 NPC cases and 207 controls were recruited. Results： GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotype frequencies were higher among NPC patients at a level of statistical significance （P〈0.005; P〈0.001 respectively）, and both GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotype were even more significant （P〈0.001）. Conclusion： NPC is the most common cancer in Guangxi. GST enzymes are involved in the detoxification of many environmental carcinogens. Homozygous deletions of GSTM1 and GSTT1 have been associated with several types of cancer. The risk to develop NPC has been associated with environmental factors such as cigarette smoking and EB virus infection. The present results indicate that the GSTM1 and GSTT1 deletion polymorphisms are associated with an increase risk of susceptibility to NPC, and both detoxific enzyme genes deletion is more important than a single gene deletion for the susceptibility to NPC.

浮出历史地表:鸥外鸥诗歌阐释史的三重向度

鸥外鸥因其诗歌的“非诗”特质百年来沉潜于主流之外,成为文学史上的“失踪者”,随着时代渐变和文学观念的更迭,鸥外鸥逐渐浮出历史地表,进入读者的阅读视野。从读者批评、文学史和选本三重向度去梳理鸥外鸥诗歌的传播接受史,发掘鸥外鸥被长期忽视的历史语境和局限,以此蠡测中国新诗现代性的审美嬗变与诗学轨迹。鸥外鸥从“失踪”到“浮现”的转变,是中国新诗在历经百年发展历程之后,走向更加开放、自信和包容的必然结果。

Missing Via Mechanism and Solutions

Missing via has been a defect in semiconductor manufacturing,especially of foundries. Its solution can be rather attractive in yield improvement for relatively mature technology since each percentage point improvement will mean significant profit margin enhancement. However, the root cause for the missing via defect is not easy to determine since many factors,such as, defocus, material re-deposition, and inadequate development,can lead to missing via defects. Therefore, knowing the exact cause for each defect type is the key. In this paper, we will present the analysis methodology used in our company. In the experiments,we have observed three types of missing vias. The first type consists of large areas, usually circular,of missing patterns,which are primarily located near the wafer edge. The second type consists of isolated sites with single partially opened vias or completely unopened vias. The third type consists of relatively small circular areas,within which the entire via pattern is missing. We have first tried the optimization of the developing recipe and found that the first type of missing via can be largely removed through the tuning of the rinse process, which improves the cleaning efficiency of the developing residue. However, this method does not remove missing via of the second and third type. We found that the second type of missing via is related to local defocus caused by topographical distribution. To resolve the third type of missing via defects, we have performed extensive experiments with different types of developer nozzles and different types of photomasks,and the result is that we have not found any distinct dependence of the defect density on either the nozzle or the mask types. Moreover, we have also studied the defect density from three resists with different resolution capability and found a correlation between the defect density and the resist resolution. It seems that,in general, lower resolution resists also have lower defect density. The results will be presented in the paper.

Antiarrhythmic Efficacy of Neferine Assessed by Programmed Electrical Stimulation in a Canine Model of Electropharmacology

An ishemic ventricular tachyarrhythmias canine model was established in open-chest dogs subjected to programmed electrical stimulation (PES)for 5-8 days after acute myocardial infarction. The electrophysiologic effects of neferine (Nef) and procainamide (PA) were observed in this model. With routine methods of PES,ventricular tachycardia (VT)and ventricular fibrillation (VF) could be reproducibly initiated. Both drugs lengthened the QTc interval (P【0.01) and effective refractory period(ERP)of normal and ischemic ventricular myocardia (NERP and IERP) respectively (P【0.01), decreased the dispersion of ERP in ischemic myocardium and the dispersion of ERP in left ventricle (P【0.01), and increased the diastolic excitability threshold of normal and ischemic ventricular myocardia (P【0.01). The two compounds prevented the PES-induced VT or VF (Nef group P【0.01, PA group P【0.05) and ischemia-induced VF (P【0.05). The results indicated that neferine and procainamide may be effective in preventing the onset of reentrant ventricular tachyarrhythmias after myocardial ischemic damage in dogs.