会计师事务所选择缘何“群集”——内聚性效应还是结构等价性效应?

中国上市公司在选择会计师事务所时呈现出"群集"特征,本文从公司间关系视角基于内聚性和结构等价性理论解释此特征。基于中国2007年A股上市公司的数据,使用QAP分析方法,研究发现:(1)通过连锁董事和相同实际控制人联系两家公司,倾向于选择同一家事务所,即公司选择事务所呈现出内聚性效应。(2)地处相同地区和隶属于相同行业的两家公司,倾向于选择同一家会计师事务所,即公司选择事务所呈现出结构等价性效应。(3)四种关系影响强度从大到小依次为相同地区、连锁董事、相同实际控制人和相同行业。上述结论不仅在理论上表明公司间网络关系会影响公司的会计师事务所选择,同时在实践方面为相关政策提供了有益启示。

“群集理论”视域下青年圈层网络极化行为探析

媒介化社会所塑造的新型网络社群关系,既催生了“圈层站队”“群体对垒”等群体极化现象,陷入数字“围城”的恶性循环,又将不同圈层主体推入“信息茧房”,导致网络社群中的舆情站队与冲突。基于法国心理学家古斯塔夫·勒庞的“群集理论”,通过探析青年圈层网络极化现象的生成动因,发现在信息技术、群体压力等多重因素下,青年群体在网络社交中极易表现出“个体孤立”“低俗趣味”等行为表征,进而影响社会秩序的稳定及网络生态的和谐。针对网络社交中的多重问题,应通过坚守主流、记忆认同等路径的探索,以期疏导、化解青年圈层在网络中的极化矛盾,寻求青年群体网络行为“去极化”的最优解。

汉语同音同义词的形成过程～“群集”与“群衆”～

日语中的汉语词“群集”同“群衆”本来是两个词,何以构成了同音同义关系的呢?考察得知古代语音变化的结果,导致“群集”与“群衆”成了同音词;“群集”通过引申等方法,产生了“群衆”之义。由于“群集”在字义与词义一致性方面不及“群衆”,故逐渐乃至最终被后者取代。通过对“群集”语音和词义变化过程的考察确认,从一个侧面看到了日语中汉语同音同义词的形成过程。

文献信息可视化研究

本文主要讨论了文本型文献信息可视化方法,就图符标识法、高维空间描述法、群集映射法、主题场景法,自组织算法等进行了具体讨论;并对非文本型文献信息的可视化也进行了初步探讨.

Mechanism of Nutrient Silicon and Water Temperature Influences on Phytoplankton Growth

This paper analyzed how nutrient silicon and water temperature influenced the variation of phytoplankton growth and the change of its assemblage structure, and probed the different characteristics of the variation of phytoplankton growth and the different profiles of the change of its assemblage structure influenced by nutrient silicon and water temperature. Taking Jiaozhou Bay for example, this paper showed the process of both the variation of phytoplankton growth and the change of its assemblage structure, unveiled the mechanism of nutrient silicon and water temperature influencing the variation of phytoplankton growth and the change of its assemblage structure, and determined that nutrient silicon and water temperature were the motive power for the healthy running of the marine ecosystem.

Study on the Planning of Cluster-based Scenic Areas with Jingyanggang Scenic Area as an Example

Cluster-based scenic area is a special form within the scenic area system, scenic areas are always scattered with diversified landscape resources, thus planning should be made according to actual conditions of the local area, and pertinent measures should be applied. Through elaborating the detail work in the overall planning of Jingyanggang Scenic Area, such as landscape division, spatial layout and sightseeing structure, the authors discussed several problems should be paid more attention in the planning of cluster-based scenic areas.

Tourism Development Strategy in Poyang Lake Eco-economic Area from the Perspective of Industrial Cluster

As a regional tourism development strategy, tourism industrial cluster can promote the core competitiveness of tourism industry in advantageous regions and the great-leap-forward development of regions with less-developed tourism industry. The conditions of forming tourism industrial cluster in Poyang Lake Eco-economic Area was analyzed, the development strategies for tourism industry from the perspective of industrial cluster was put forward.

Clustering-driven watershed adaptive segmentation of bubble image

In order to extract froth morphological feature,a bubble image adaptive segmentation method was proposed.Considering the image's low contrast and weak froth edges,froth image was coarsely segmented by using fuzzy c means(FCM) algorithm. Through the attributes of size and shape pattern spectrum,the optimal morphological structuring element was determined.According to the optimal parameters,some image noises were removed with an improved area opening and closing by reconstruction operation,which consist of image regional markers,and the bubbles were finely separated from each other by watershed transform.The experimental results show that the structural element can be determined adaptively by shape and size pattern spectrum,and the froth image is segmented accurately.Compared with other froth image segmentation method,the proposed method achieves much high accuracy,based on which,the bubble size and shape features are extracted effectively.

On Left π-regular po-semigroups

In this paper, the concept of uniform π _semiprime family in po_semigroups and semigroups is introduced. We give characterizations of left π _regular po_semigroups which generalize the results given by N. Kehayopulu in [1].

Modification of Reflectron Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer for Photodissociation of Mass-Selected Cluster lons

We introduce a modification of reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometer for laser photodissociation of mass-selected ions. In our apparatus, the ions of interests were selected by a mass gate near the first space focus point and decelerated right after the mass gate, were then crossed by a laser beam for dissociation. The daughter ions and surviving parent ions were re-accelerated and analyzed by the reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Compared to the designs reported by other research groups, our selection-deceleration-dissociation-reacceleration approach has better daughter-parent-ions-separation, easier laser timing, and better overlapping between the ion beam and laser beam. We also conducted detailed cal- culations on the parent ion and daughter ion flight times, and provided a simplified formula for the calibration of daughter ion mass.

Generation of a Four-Particle Cluster State and Perfect Teleportation of an Arbitrary Two-Particle State in an Ion-Trap System

We propose a scheme for generating a four-particle cluster state in an ion-trap system.The scheme isinsensitive to the thermal motion of the ions,and needs less operations than previous ones.With such a setup,we alsodemonstrate a procedure for perfectly teleporting an arbitrary two-particle state via a single multipartite entanglementchannel,a four-particle cluster state.

Adaptive swarm-based routing in communication networks

Swarm intelligence inspired by the social behavior of ants boasts a number of attractive features, including adaptation, robustness and distributed, decentralized nature, which are well suited for routing in modern communication networks. This paper describes an adaptive swarm-based routing algorithm that increases convergence speed, reduces routing instabilities and oscillations by using a novel variation of reinforcement learning and a technique called momentum.Experiment on the dynamic network showed that adaptive swarm-based routing learns the optimum routing in terms of convergence speed and average packet latency.

Automatic relational database compression scheme design based on swarm evolution

Compression is an intuitive way to boost the performance of a database system. However, compared with other physical database design techniques, compression consumes large amount of CPU power. There is a trade-off between the re- duction of disk access and the overhead of CPU processing. Automatic design and adaptive administration of database systems are widely demanded, and the automatic selection of compression schema to compromise the trade-off is very important. In this paper, we present a model with novel techniques to integrate a rapidly convergent agent-based evolution framework, i.e. the SWAF (SWarm Algorithm Framework), into adaptive attribute compression for relational database. The model evolutionally consults statistics of CPU load and IO bandwidth to select compression schemas considering both aspects of the trade-off. We have im- plemented a prototype model on Oscar RDBMS with experiments highlighting the correctness and efficiency of our techniques.

Controlled Teleportation of Two-Partic le Entanglement via a Cluster State

In order to teleport an unknown two-par-ticle entangled state via a cluster state, a controlled teleportation schelre is proposed. It is shown that an unknown two-particle entangled state can be successfully transmitted from the sender Alice to the receiver Bob with the help of the supervisor Charlie via the only one four-particle cluster state. The receiver can reconstruct the teleported state according to the lmasurement results of the sender and supervisor. Quantum Controlled-NOT （CNOT） gate and POVM are used, which have been accom-plished in a quantum experiment, so it is believed that this scheme will be realized by experirnent. By analysis, the success probability of the proposed scheme reaches 1.0.

CONSIDERING NEIGHBORHOOD INFORMATION IN IMAGE FUZZY CLUSTERING

Fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm is a classical non-supervised classification method.For image classification, fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm makes decisions on a pixel-by-pixel basis and does not take advantage of spatial information, regardless of the pixels' correlation. In this letter, a novel fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm is introduced, which is based on image's neighborhood system. During classification procedure, the novel algorithm regards all pixels'fuzzy membership as a random field. The neighboring pixels' fuzzy membership information is used for the algorithm's iteration procedure. As a result, the algorithm gives a more smooth classification result and cuts down the computation time.

Energy-balanced clustering protocol for data gathering in wireless sensor networks with unbalanced traffic load

Energy-efficient data gathering in multi-hop wireless sensor networks was studied,considering that different node produces different amounts of data in realistic environments.A novel dominating set based clustering protocol (DSCP) was proposed to solve the data gathering problem in this scenario.In DSCP,a node evaluates the potential lifetime of the network (from its local point of view) assuming that it acts as the cluster head,and claims to be a tentative cluster head if it maximizes the potential lifetime.When evaluating the potential lifetime of the network,a node considers not only its remaining energy,but also other factors including its traffic load,the number of its neighbors,and the traffic loads of its neighbors.A tentative cluster head becomes a final cluster head with a probability inversely proportional to the number of tentative cluster heads that cover its neighbors.The protocol can terminate in O(n/lg n) steps,and its total message complexity is O(n2/lg n).Simulation results show that DSCP can effectively prolong the lifetime of the network in multi-hop networks with unbalanced traffic load.Compared with EECT,the network lifetime is prolonged by 56.6% in average.

Reconstruction of Industrial Location in View of Industrial Agglomeration

The Industrial Agglomeration Theory has been evolving all the time. The study on the industrial location has become the focus of the massive theoretical location problems about agglomeration since the 1970s. The authors here analyze the evolution and the characteristics of the Industrial Agglomeration Theory and study its effect on the reconstruction of industrial location. The study suggests that the new idea ofrecoustmction of industrial location is to cultivate regional innovative system. On this basis, the authors analyze two cases of old industrial bases on their constniction-Tiexi Industrial District in Shenyang City and Changchun Industrial Economic Development Zone. Finally, the authors put forward some suggestions that should be regarded, which include： 1） to combine industrial location reconstruction and enterprises＇ inner reform; 2） to speed up adjustment of resources and opening to the world; 3） to combine government mechanism with the market mechanism properly.

Relationships and Evolving Networks of Rural Manufacturing Clusters: A Case Study in Yucheng County, Henan Province of China

The evolution of networks in rural industrial clusters,in particular in the context of China has been paid more attention to in the world.Applying the theory and techniques of social network analysis (SNA),this study is with particular regard to the business network relationships and their evolutionary dynamics of steel measuring tape manufacturing clustered in Nanzhuang Village,Yucheng County of Henan Province,China,which is important for better understanding the industrial and regional development in less developed rural areas.From data collected by comprehensive questionnaire survey in 2002 and mass interviews with 60 enterprises and assembling families and several government authorities in 2002,2003,2004,2005 and 2008,four types of networks are identified: spin-off,consulting,communication and cooperative.The characteristic of these networks is outlined in detail.Compared with the high-tech clusters of typical developed areas,the networks that have evolved in traditional manufacturing clusters are more affected by emotive linkages.The cluster networks are shown to exhibit a polycentric hierarchical structure.The family relationships are the dominate spin-off channels of enterprises,while the supply and demand relationships and the mobility of the skilled workers are also important paths of network learning,and the cooperation relationships are comparatively stable.Besides the root enterprises,the middle-sized enterprises are comparatively more active than small-sized enterprises,and the intermediary agencies and the service institutions act as bridges of the inter-enterprises cooperation.By analysis of the structure of networks and the interactions between the networks,the four stages of network evolution are also identified.The four stages are dominated by the family networks,the internal division production networks,the local innovation networks and the global supply networks respectively,and they play different roles in cluster development.

Research and Implementation of Decreasing the Acetic Acid Consumption in Purified Terephthalic Acid Solvent System

Decreasing the acetic acid consumption in purified terephthalic acid （PTA） solvent system has become a hot issue with common concern. In accordance with the technical features, the electrical conductivity is in direct proportion to the acetic acid content. General regression neural network （GRNN） is used to establish the model of electrical conductivity on the basis of mechanism analysis, and then particle swarm optimization （PSO） algorithm with the improvement of inertia weight and population diversity is proposed to regulate the operating conditions. Thus, the method of decreasing the acid loss is derived and applied to PTA solvent system in a chemical plant. Cases studies show that the precision of modeling and optimization are higher. The results also provide the optimal operating conditions, which decrease the cost and improve the profit.

Controlled Teleportation of an Arbitrary Two-Particle State by One EPR Pair and Cluster State

A scheme for controlled teleportation of an arbitrary two-particle state using a maximally entangled EPR pair and a cluster state as the quantum channel is proposed. After receiving Alice＇s Bell state measurement results, the controller performs a joint measurement on his particles under a non-maximally entangled Bell-basis. The receiver needs to introduce an auxiliary qubit, and performs a series of appropriate unitary transformations on his particles. The original state can be teleported successfully with the probability 2 cos2θ.