基于“能力树”的E-SPOC工程人才教学模式分析

随着互联网技术的快速发展,信息技术与工程教育开始实现深度融合。为满足工程人才能力的培养需求,通过分析工程人才能力结构,构建对接工程教育毕业要求的人才“能力树”。应用信息技术开发对接课堂教育和继续教育,实行E-SPOC工程人才教学模式。本文从教学内容、教学过程组织、教学评价方式等方面,探讨E-SPOC工程人才教学模式在工程教育教学和能力培养中的应用,并依据“能力树”探讨E-SPOC工程人才教学模式的实施路径。

基于能力树模型的“软能力渗透式”教学模式探究

在应届生人才选拔过程中，企业除了关注人才的职业技能即“硬能力”，还关注人才的职业素养即“软能力”。文章提出以“能力树”模型为基础的“软能力渗透式”教学模式，探讨了以环境、榜样、活动为载体，有意识地将“软能力”渗透在“硬能力”培养过程中的教学模式，从而培养“软、硬能力”兼备的应用型人才。

Analysis of Application of Superabsorbent Polymer in Sandy Soils

[Objective]The aim was to research water retention of superabsorbent polymer （SAP） in sandy soils. [Method] With soils from an ancient course in the Yel ow River as materials, acrylate SAP was taken as water retention materials to conduct the test. [Result] With 0.2%-0.4% SAP added, dewatering period of sandy soil extended after irrigation; the period of water retention quantity over 10% last for 42 d, which was significantly more than that of the control group in 16 d （saturated water reducing to 10%）; water retention effect proved better at the 2nd irrigation without soil stirring compared with the 1st irrigation. [Conclusion] The mixture of SAP with sandy soils promotes water retention in soils.

Thinning effects on walnut stem and crown diameter growth and fruiting in the walnut-fruit forests of Kyrgyzstan

The walnut-fruit forests （Juglans regia L.） in southern Kyrgyzstan are considered to be biodiversity hotspots and of considerable economic and ecological importance to local populations. The fruiting ability and stability of these forests are, however, decreasing because of infrequent silvicultural interventions and non-existent natural regeneration. Continuous inventories and walnut harvest measurements were carded out on 18 trial and control plots over the course of i3 year. Results showed that i） thinning had a positive influence on diameter at breast height （dbh） increase, ii） dbh growth and crown area increases are strongly and positively correlated, iii） large crowns enhanced the production of fruits, and iv） temperature conditions had a major influence on the production of fruits. The above-mentioned points are particularly relevant for young plantations but are also valid for relatively old plantations （〉 50 years）. We conclude that regular thinning substantially improves diameter growth, fruit production and ability of trees to withstand wind and snow damage in both young stands and in older walnut-fruit forests.

Regeneration ecology and population status of a critically endangered and endemic tree species （Ilex khasiana Purk.） in north-eastern India

Detailed studies on population structure and regeneration ecology ofllex khasiana were carried out at five representative natural populations i.e. Mylliem （Population - I）, Upper Shillong （Population - II）, Shillong Peak （Population -III）, Laitkor （Population - IV） and Nongpiyur （Population - V） to probe into the responsible affecting factors for its population structure and regeneration ability in these populations. Experimental observation under three controlled light conditions （full sunlight （100%）, intermediate sunlight （50%） and low sunlight （30%）） showed that the growth status and survival rates of seedlings under intermediate and low light were better than those under the high light condition. The density-diameter distribution in population of adult trees （〉Scm dbh） exhibited a typical character of a regenerating population. A higher seedling mortality rate in natural populations of I. khasiana was most probably due to increase in light intensity following vegetation destruction and other anthropogenic disturbances that cause opening of forest canopy. The findings of the present study would be of immense value in formulating appropriate conservation measures for the species.

Prediction method of restoring force based on online AdaBoost regression tree algorithm in hybrid test

In order to solve the poor generalization ability of the back-propagation(BP)neural network in the model updating hybrid test,a novel method called the AdaBoost regression tree algorithm is introduced into the model updating procedure in hybrid tests.During the learning phase,the regression tree is selected as a weak regression model to be trained,and then multiple trained weak regression models are integrated into a strong regression model.Finally,the training results are generated through voting by all the selected regression models.A 2-DOF nonlinear structure was numerically simulated by utilizing the online AdaBoost regression tree algorithm and the BP neural network algorithm as a contrast.The results show that the prediction accuracy of the online AdaBoost regression algorithm is 48.3%higher than that of the BP neural network algorithm,which verifies that the online AdaBoost regression tree algorithm has better generalization ability compared to the BP neural network algorithm.Furthermore,it can effectively eliminate the influence of weight initialization and improve the prediction accuracy of the restoring force in hybrid tests.

Mechanical properties and microstructure evolution of solidified copper tailings with hydantoin epoxy resin

Based on the strength and microstructure tests,the effects of the hydantoin epoxy resin content and curing time on the mechanical properties and microstructure of copper tailings specimens were studied.The results showed that the strength of the solidified specimens was increased to 20.84 MPa with 30 wt.%addition of hydantoin epoxy resin.When the specimens with 10%hydantoin epoxy resin were cured for 7 and 14 d,the strengths were 6.33 and 6.67 MPa respectively,which met the requirements as foundation filler and building materials.The microscopic tests showed that the agglomeration was enhanced and the porosities of the solidified specimens were reduced with increase in the hydantoin epoxy resin content,which could greatly enhance the strength of solidified specimens.

Effects of superabsorbent polymer particles on flexural properties and self-healing behavior of ECC

In order to improve the self-healing behavior and the recovery of mechanical properties of engineered cementitious composites(ECC),the approach of incorporating superabsorbent polymer(SAP)in mixtures is investigated.The rapid water penetration test and four-point bending test were conducted to evaluate the effects of self-healing on the water permeability and mechanical properties of pre-damaged ECC.The self-healing process and self-healing products were observed by the environment scanning electron microscope(ESEM)and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS).The experimental results show that all ECC mixtures exhibit excellent flexural capacity,meanwhile maintaining a crack width below 50μm.The incorporation of SAP particles in ECC can apparently improve the mechanical recovery of ECC mixtures after 10 healing curing cycles,such as flexural deformation and flexural stiffness.The flexural stiffness of ECC containing 4%SAP particles after self-healing can be recovered to 80%.The self-healing test results show that when the water permeability of ECC mixtures incorporating SAP particles is close to zero,only three healing cycles are needed.When ECC incorpora ting more SAP particles,the accelerated self-healing process can be finished in the first three cycles,and self-healing product is mixed Ca(OH)2/CaCO 3 with CaCO 3 being a major component in the later stage.It is,therefore,feasible to produce ECC materials incorporating SAP particles,while simultaneously maintaining higher material ductility and self-healing behavior.

A New Approach to Predict Financial Failure： Classification and Regression Trees （CART）

The increase of competition, economic recession and financial crises has increased business failure and depending on this the researchers have attempted to develop new approaches which can yield more correct and more reliable results. The classification and regression tree （CART） is one of the new modeling techniques which is developed for this purpose. In this study, the classification and regression trees method is explained and tested the power of the financial failure prediction. CART is applied for the data of industry companies which is trade in Istanbul Stock Exchange （ISE） between 1997-2007. As a result of this study, it has been observed that, CART has a high predicting power of financial failure one, two and three years prior to failure, and profitability ratios being the most important ratios in the prediction of failure.

Adsorption and desorption properties of D318 resin for Cr(Ⅵ)

The adsorption capability of D318 resin for Cr（Ⅵ） was investigated by chemistry analysis. Experimental results show that D318 resin has the best adsorption ability for Cr（Ⅵ） at pH=3.16 in HAc-NaAc medium. The statically saturated adsorption capacity of the resin is 265.4 mg/g. The thermodynamic adsorption parameters, enthalpy change AH and free energy change AG298 of the adsorption reaction are 4.81 and -5.16 kJ/mol, respectively. The apparent activation energy Ea is 22.4 kJ/mol. The adsorption behavior obeys the Freundlich isotherm. The molar coordination ratio of the functional group of resin to Cr（Ⅵ） is 3：2. Cr（Ⅵ） adsorbed on D318 resin can be eluted by 5%NaOH-5%NaCl quantitatively.

A Holistic Model for the Development of Entrepreneurial Competencies of the Entrepreneur XXI： The Tree Model

In the present article it will be critically questioned the traditional entrepreneurship education approaches based on a narrow conception of competency, and their values. Assuming the perspective that to be an entrepreneur is basically an attitude towards life and the world, there proposed holistic, constructivist and experiential processes and strategies for entrepreneurship education. The ＂entrepreneur XXI＂, must be able to undertake a social function of change, so, an economical and social development more human, ethical and intelligent. Under this assumption, the ＂Tree Model for the Development of Entrepreneurial Competencies＂, that will be discussed globally in the second part of this article, suggests a dynamic and experiential approach ofentrepreneurship education based on the qualification of people＇s behaviour, self-esteem, competencies and experiences; a profile of key behavioural and performance competencies （root）, experimental pedagogical procedures （trunk） and real results within group projects （fruits）. This model has been developed during the last decade （2001-2011）, using a multidisciplinary research-action procedure, within business, education （at different teaching levels） and social project environments.

Adsorption of zinc onto anionic ion-exchange resin from cyanide barren solution

Removal of zinc from cyanide barren solution is obligatory for its reuse in leach process. Batch experiments were carried out to evaluate the adsorption capacity of resins under different experimental conditions, including con- centration, resin amount, initial pH, contact time and temperature. More than 99% of adsorption was achieved under the optimal condition. High adsorption rates on the resin were observed at the beginning and plateau values were obtained in 60 rain. The thermodynamic parameters （free energy change AG, enthalpy change AS and entropy change AH） for the adsorption were evaluated, The adsorption kinetic mechanism was studied with four models. The experimental results show that the adsorption follows the Langmuir isotherm and the kinetics follows the pseudo-second-order model.

Adsorptive potential of Acacia nilotica based adsorbent for chromium(Ⅵ) from an aqueous phase

The objective of this research was to enhance adsorption capacity of Acacia nilotica （keekar） sawdust for the abatement of chromium bearing wastewater and to investigate the effect of process parameters on adsorption capacity. The sawdust was activated by acid wash and functionalized subsequently with formaldehyde. Functionalization of activated sawdust raised its chromium removal efficiency of almost 10% as compared to its adsorption removal efficiency of HCl treated sawdust in a batch adsorption study. Adsorption kinetic data provided better fitting with pseudo second order model. Maximum adsorption capacity calculated through the best fitting Langmuir model was 6.34 mg·g^-1 and 8.2 mg·g^-1 for HCl treated and formaldehyde functionalized sawdust adsorbents, respectively. The adsorption of Cr（VI） was endothermic when studied by varying temperature from 20℃ to 50℃ for both activated and functionalized adsorbents.

On Eugene O＇Neill Inheritance to Greek Tragedy in Desire Under the Elms

In Desire Under the Elms, Eugene O＇Neill not only adopts some elements from Greek tragedies, but brings more different ideas for readers, such as supernaturalism, and the degeneration of the tragic heroes or the peasant like language and sets more comic elements. Under his powerful pen, a marvelous drama is displayed before the audience, which combines the traditional elements and modem creations perfectly. This paper aims to explore the important elements in the play and compare those with what are used in Desire Under the Elms so as to draw the conclusion that Eugene O＇Neill not only uses the traditional written skills but also improves the development and inheritance of Greek tragedies.

Preparation and Mechanical Properties of UV⁃Assisted Filament Winding Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer⁃Matrix Composite

This paper studied the preparation and mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced polymer-matrix composite rings prepared by filament winding assisted by ultraviolet(UV)curing.A ray-tracing method was used to calculate the penetration ability of UV light in the resin casting,and then a typical composite ring with dual⁃curing characteristics was prepared by UV-assisted curing.The effects of winding speed and thermal initiator concentration on the distribution of fiber fraction and mechanical properties were studied.Microscopic morphology was used for the observation of the differences in fiber volume fraction.Mechanical properties tests and scanning electron micrographs were performed to investigate the failure and damage mechanisms of the composite ring samples.The ray tracing results indicate that the UV light can pass through a single yarn thickness and the energy transmitted is sufficient to cure the back side quickly.The experimental results show that the mechanical properties of the composite ring prepared in this paper are comparable to those of the heat-cured samples,which is sufficient to meet the requirements of the flywheel.

Uptake of Multi-Disperse Starch by Anion Exchangers

Demineralisation plants of power stations are not able to remove organics in all cases to a satisfied degree. The present work focuses on natural organic matter （NOM） and its interaction with anion exchanger and adsorber resins to optimize organics uptake. In this study, four different starches （one of them 14C-labelled） with different molecular size distributions were selected as model substances for the biopolymer fraction of NOM. Their uptake by various anion exchangers and adsorbers was measured in column experiments. Results are discussed in terms of size exclusion, anion exchange, adsorption, and hydrophilic/hydrophobic repulsion. In summary, at neutral pH, starch has been removed preferably by size-exclusion followed by adsorption, whereas anion exchange resins show higher uptake capacities than ＂pure＂ adsorber resins caused by stronger attraction between starch and polar functional groups of the anion exchangers. At acidic pH, the uptake of sulphate, as competitive adsorptive, leads to an earlier starch breakthrough at anion exchangers. Therefore, adsorbers are more effective. It was found that the higher the water content of the resins, the more effective the uptake is.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi protect a subtropical tree species exposed to simulated acid rain by accelerating photosynthetic ability,antioxidant enzymes and osmolyte accumulation

Acid rain(AR),which occurs frequently in southern China,negatively affects the growth of subtropical tree species.Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)mitigate the detrimental effects induced by AR.However,the mechanisms by which AMF protect Zelkova serrata,an economically important tree species in southern China,from AR stress remain unclear.We conducted a greenhouse experiment in which Z.serrata plants were inoculated with AMF species Rhizophagus intraradices and Diversispora versiformis,either alone or as a mixed culture,or with a sterilized inoculum(negative control).The plants were subjected to three levels of simulated sulfuric AR and nitric AR(pH 2.5,4.0 and 5.6)to examine any interactive effects on growth,photosynthetic capabilities,antioxidant enzymes,osmotic adjustment and soil enzymes.AR significantly decreased dry weight,chlorophyll content,net photosynthetic rate and soluble protein(SP)of non-mycorrhizal plants.Mycorrhizal inoculation,especially a combination of R.intraradices and D.versiformis,notably improved dry weight,photosynthetic capabilities,catalase,peroxidase,superoxide dismutase,SP and root acid phosphatase activity of Z.serrata under harsh AR stress.Moreover,the benefits from AMF symbionts depended on the identity of AM fungal species and the gradient of AR stress.Our results indicate that AM fungi protect z.serrata against AR stress by synchronously activating photosynthetic ability,antioxidant enzymes and osmolyte accumulation.These findings suggest that a combination of R.intraradices and D.versiformis may be a preferable choice for culturing Z.serratain southern China.