It is necessary to take measures against infectious diseases in the Southeast Asian prawn farming industry. In giant tiger prawn （Penaeus monodon） aquaculture, diseases caused by viruses such as white spot syndrome ...It is necessary to take measures against infectious diseases in the Southeast Asian prawn farming industry. In giant tiger prawn （Penaeus monodon） aquaculture, diseases caused by viruses such as white spot syndrome virus （WSSV） and bacteria such as Vibrio have become a menace. Appropriate treatments of prawn culture pond＇s waters are advocated for preventing and controlling pathogens. The purpose of this study was to conduct an antimicrobial water treatment using a low-voltage pulsed electric field sterilization. Here we prepared a mechanical low-voltage pulsed electric field system with copper wire coiling around a titanium ring. The viability of WSSV in seawater was examined by prawn infectivity experiments. We inoculated healthy prawns （approximately 10-15 g） with the WSSV master sample that passed 0-3 times through the system. WSSV infection in prawns decreased according to the number of passes through the system. Healthy prawns survived for〉 10 days without feeding, where as prawns inoculated with the WSSV master sample showed symptoms of white spot and died in about 4 days. Two-thirds of the prawns inoculated with the WSSV master sample that was passed once through the system developed WSSV symptoms and were polymerase chain reaction （PCR） positive. However, no symptoms were observed and prawns were PCR negative when the WSSV master sample was passed three times through the system. Based on these results, we purpose that a low-voltage pulsed electric field system will serve as an efficient pond drainage sterilization system and will replace conventional treatments using chemicals such as sodium hypochlorite.展开更多
Objective To study the relationship between syndrome elements and anterior communicating artery(ACoA)opening in patients with symptomatic severe carotid artery stenosis/occlusion.Methods Thirty-six patients with sympt...Objective To study the relationship between syndrome elements and anterior communicating artery(ACoA)opening in patients with symptomatic severe carotid artery stenosis/occlusion.Methods Thirty-six patients with symptomatic severe carotid stenosis/occlusion were collected,including 26 patients with cerebral infarction and 10 patients with transient ischemic attack(TIA).Syndrome elements at five time points were collected.Computer tomography angiography(CTA)combined with magenic resonance angiograp(MRA)was used to evaluate the primary collateral circulation,and the prognosis and syndrome elements were statistically analyzed according to whether the ACoA was open or not.Results The ACoA was open more in the primary collateral circulation among patients with symptomatic severe carotid stenosis/occlusion.There was a statistically significant difference in national institute of health stroke scale(NIHSS)score improvement and good prognosis[the modified rankin scale(mRS)≤2]between the ACoA open group and the ACoA nonopen group on the 90th day(P<0.05).The proportion of patients with internal wind syndrome,blood stasis syndrome,Qi deficiency syndrome,and Yin deficiency syndrome in the ACoA non-open group was higher than that in the open group.Conclusion In the patients with severe carotid artery stenosis/occlusion,the group with presence of anterior communicating artery had better prognosis.The syndrome elements are more complex in the group without the presence of anterior communicating artery.The proportion of Qi deficiency syndrome was positively correlated with the non-opening of anterior communicating artery.The imaging evaluation of collateral circulation can provide guidance for syndrome differentiation and treatment.展开更多
Life cycle of glaciers in the Himalayan region has notably changed due to the climatic variability since last few decades. Glaciers across the world and specially the Himalayan glaciers have shown large scale degenera...Life cycle of glaciers in the Himalayan region has notably changed due to the climatic variability since last few decades. Glaciers across the world and specially the Himalayan glaciers have shown large scale degeneration in the last few decades. Himalayan glaciers serve as an important fresh water resource for the downstream communities, who are dependent on this water for domestic and other purposes. Therefore, glacier shrinkage and the associated hydrological changes pose a significant problem for regional-scale water budgets and resource management. These issues necessitate the regular and rigorous monitoring of the wastage pattern of the Himalayan glaciers in field and using satellite remote sensing data. In this work, we report rapid and enhanced degeneration of the frontal part of the Kangriz glacier, Jammu and Kashmir(J & K), in terms of surface melting, debris cover, snout characteristics and meltwater discharge. Ablation data acquired during 2016-2017 shows the average lowering of the frontal part of the glacier to be ~148 ± 34 cm, one-third of which was found to have occurred within a 13 day time period in September, 2017. Also, the quantum of ice melt was found to be inversely influenced(r =-0.84) by the debris thickness. 15 day meltwater discharge measurement revealed its strong relationship with snout disintegration pattern, evidenced twice during the said time period. Volume of water discharged from the glacier was estimated to be 7.91×10~6 m^3 for the measurement duration. Also, mean daily discharge estimated for the 15 days interval showed good positive correction(r = 0.78) with temperature indicating the direct dependency of the former on land surface temperature conditions of the region. Besides the lowering and discharge observations, the frequent ice-block break-offs at the glacier snout further enhance its overall drastic degeneration. The study suggests that, being the largest glacier in the Suru basin, the Kangriz glacier needs to be continuously monitored in order to understand its glacio-hydrological conditions.展开更多
The glacial morphology of southern South American presents invaluable evidence to reconstruct former glacier behaviour and its relation to climate and environmental changes. However, there are still spatial and tempor...The glacial morphology of southern South American presents invaluable evidence to reconstruct former glacier behaviour and its relation to climate and environmental changes. However, there are still spatial and temporal gaps in the reconstruction of the Holocene Patagonian glacial landscape. Here we present the first geomorphological record for the Sierra Baguales Mountain Range(SBMR), forming the eastern foothills of the Southern Patagonian Andes 200 km from the Pacific coast. This area is topographically isolated from the Southern Patagonian Ice Field(SPIF), and is affected by the Westerly Winds. The study area shows evidence of ice sheet and alpine glaciations related to Andean uplift,which caused a marked climatic contrast between its western and eastern flanks since the Last Glacial Maximum(LGM). The regional rock mass strength and precipitation gradient acted as a controlling factor in the glacial cirque distribution and sizes, as well as in the development of glaciation types. We report new radiocarbon dates associated with warm/dry to cold/wet climatic changes during the middle Holocene, when former small alpine glaciers were located in the uppermost section of the SBMR basins, and eventually converged to form a small ice field or a composite valley glacier at lower elevations.This can be explained by an estimated regional temperature drop of 3.8°C±0.8°C, based on a 585±26m Equilibrium Line Altitude(ELA) descent, inferred by geomorphological evidence and the Accumulation Area Ratio(AAR), in addition to a free-air adiabatic lapse rate. Subsequently, the glaciers receded due to climatic factors including a rise in temperature, as well as non-climatic factors, mainly the glacier bedrock topography.展开更多
1 Post-stroke Sequela Stroke is one of the common and frequent diseases in the middle-aged and old people. With the continuous progress of the diagnostic techniques, the cure rate of stroke has been obviously increas...1 Post-stroke Sequela Stroke is one of the common and frequent diseases in the middle-aged and old people. With the continuous progress of the diagnostic techniques, the cure rate of stroke has been obviously increased. It is reported, in China, that the cerebrovascular diseases occur in 0.1%-0.5% people, among which 70% of them suffered from disability, bringing about heavy burden to the patient himself, their families and the society.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To screen for m RNAs associated with blood stasis syndrome and to explore the genetic mechanisms of blood stasis syndrome in hypertension.METHODS:This study involved groups of patients with hypertension and ...OBJECTIVE:To screen for m RNAs associated with blood stasis syndrome and to explore the genetic mechanisms of blood stasis syndrome in hypertension.METHODS:This study involved groups of patients with hypertension and blood stasis,including those with Qi deficiency,Qi stagnation,cold retention and heat retention;as well as hypertensive patients without blood stasis and healthy individuals.Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were co-cultured with the sera of these healthy individuals and patients with blood stasis syndrome.Total RNA was extracted from these cells and assessed by a high-throughput sequencing method(Solexa)and digital gene expression.Differentially expressed genes among these six groups were compared using whole genome sequences,and m RNAs associated with blood stasis syndrome identified.Differences in gene use and gene ontology function were an-alyzed.Genes enriched significantly and their pathways were determined,as were network interactions,and encoded proteins.Gene identities were confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reactions.RESULTS:Compared with cells cultured in sera of the blood stasis groups,those culture in sera of healthy individuals and of the non-blood stasis group showed 11 and 301 differences,respectively in stasis-related genes.Genes identified as differing between the blood stasis and healthy groups included activating transcription factor 4,activating transcription factor 3,DNA-damage inducible transcription factor 3,Tribbles homolog 3,CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-β,and Jun proto-oncogene(JUN).Pathway and protein interaction network analyses showed that these genes were associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress.Cells cultured in sera of patients with blood stasis and Qi deficiency,Qi stagnation,heat retention,and cold retention were compared with cells cultured in sera of patients with the other types blood stasis syndrome.The comparison showed differences in expression of 28,28,34,and 32 specific genes,respectively.CONCLUSION:The pathogenesis of blood stasis syndrome in hypertension is related to endoplasmic reticulum stress and involves the differential expression of the activating transcription factor 4,activating transcription factor 3,DNA-damage inducible transcription factor 3,Tribbles homolog 3,CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-β,and JUN genes.展开更多
文摘It is necessary to take measures against infectious diseases in the Southeast Asian prawn farming industry. In giant tiger prawn （Penaeus monodon） aquaculture, diseases caused by viruses such as white spot syndrome virus （WSSV） and bacteria such as Vibrio have become a menace. Appropriate treatments of prawn culture pond＇s waters are advocated for preventing and controlling pathogens. The purpose of this study was to conduct an antimicrobial water treatment using a low-voltage pulsed electric field sterilization. Here we prepared a mechanical low-voltage pulsed electric field system with copper wire coiling around a titanium ring. The viability of WSSV in seawater was examined by prawn infectivity experiments. We inoculated healthy prawns （approximately 10-15 g） with the WSSV master sample that passed 0-3 times through the system. WSSV infection in prawns decreased according to the number of passes through the system. Healthy prawns survived for〉 10 days without feeding, where as prawns inoculated with the WSSV master sample showed symptoms of white spot and died in about 4 days. Two-thirds of the prawns inoculated with the WSSV master sample that was passed once through the system developed WSSV symptoms and were polymerase chain reaction （PCR） positive. However, no symptoms were observed and prawns were PCR negative when the WSSV master sample was passed three times through the system. Based on these results, we purpose that a low-voltage pulsed electric field system will serve as an efficient pond drainage sterilization system and will replace conventional treatments using chemicals such as sodium hypochlorite.
基金We thank for the funding support from the Science&Technology Development Fund of Tianjin Education Commission for Higher Education(No.2017KJ150).
文摘Objective To study the relationship between syndrome elements and anterior communicating artery(ACoA)opening in patients with symptomatic severe carotid artery stenosis/occlusion.Methods Thirty-six patients with symptomatic severe carotid stenosis/occlusion were collected,including 26 patients with cerebral infarction and 10 patients with transient ischemic attack(TIA).Syndrome elements at five time points were collected.Computer tomography angiography(CTA)combined with magenic resonance angiograp(MRA)was used to evaluate the primary collateral circulation,and the prognosis and syndrome elements were statistically analyzed according to whether the ACoA was open or not.Results The ACoA was open more in the primary collateral circulation among patients with symptomatic severe carotid stenosis/occlusion.There was a statistically significant difference in national institute of health stroke scale(NIHSS)score improvement and good prognosis[the modified rankin scale(mRS)≤2]between the ACoA open group and the ACoA nonopen group on the 90th day(P<0.05).The proportion of patients with internal wind syndrome,blood stasis syndrome,Qi deficiency syndrome,and Yin deficiency syndrome in the ACoA non-open group was higher than that in the open group.Conclusion In the patients with severe carotid artery stenosis/occlusion,the group with presence of anterior communicating artery had better prognosis.The syndrome elements are more complex in the group without the presence of anterior communicating artery.The proportion of Qi deficiency syndrome was positively correlated with the non-opening of anterior communicating artery.The imaging evaluation of collateral circulation can provide guidance for syndrome differentiation and treatment.
基金financial support provided by the National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Ecosystem(NMSHE)project
文摘Life cycle of glaciers in the Himalayan region has notably changed due to the climatic variability since last few decades. Glaciers across the world and specially the Himalayan glaciers have shown large scale degeneration in the last few decades. Himalayan glaciers serve as an important fresh water resource for the downstream communities, who are dependent on this water for domestic and other purposes. Therefore, glacier shrinkage and the associated hydrological changes pose a significant problem for regional-scale water budgets and resource management. These issues necessitate the regular and rigorous monitoring of the wastage pattern of the Himalayan glaciers in field and using satellite remote sensing data. In this work, we report rapid and enhanced degeneration of the frontal part of the Kangriz glacier, Jammu and Kashmir(J & K), in terms of surface melting, debris cover, snout characteristics and meltwater discharge. Ablation data acquired during 2016-2017 shows the average lowering of the frontal part of the glacier to be ~148 ± 34 cm, one-third of which was found to have occurred within a 13 day time period in September, 2017. Also, the quantum of ice melt was found to be inversely influenced(r =-0.84) by the debris thickness. 15 day meltwater discharge measurement revealed its strong relationship with snout disintegration pattern, evidenced twice during the said time period. Volume of water discharged from the glacier was estimated to be 7.91×10~6 m^3 for the measurement duration. Also, mean daily discharge estimated for the 15 days interval showed good positive correction(r = 0.78) with temperature indicating the direct dependency of the former on land surface temperature conditions of the region. Besides the lowering and discharge observations, the frequent ice-block break-offs at the glacier snout further enhance its overall drastic degeneration. The study suggests that, being the largest glacier in the Suru basin, the Kangriz glacier needs to be continuously monitored in order to understand its glacio-hydrological conditions.
文摘The glacial morphology of southern South American presents invaluable evidence to reconstruct former glacier behaviour and its relation to climate and environmental changes. However, there are still spatial and temporal gaps in the reconstruction of the Holocene Patagonian glacial landscape. Here we present the first geomorphological record for the Sierra Baguales Mountain Range(SBMR), forming the eastern foothills of the Southern Patagonian Andes 200 km from the Pacific coast. This area is topographically isolated from the Southern Patagonian Ice Field(SPIF), and is affected by the Westerly Winds. The study area shows evidence of ice sheet and alpine glaciations related to Andean uplift,which caused a marked climatic contrast between its western and eastern flanks since the Last Glacial Maximum(LGM). The regional rock mass strength and precipitation gradient acted as a controlling factor in the glacial cirque distribution and sizes, as well as in the development of glaciation types. We report new radiocarbon dates associated with warm/dry to cold/wet climatic changes during the middle Holocene, when former small alpine glaciers were located in the uppermost section of the SBMR basins, and eventually converged to form a small ice field or a composite valley glacier at lower elevations.This can be explained by an estimated regional temperature drop of 3.8°C±0.8°C, based on a 585±26m Equilibrium Line Altitude(ELA) descent, inferred by geomorphological evidence and the Accumulation Area Ratio(AAR), in addition to a free-air adiabatic lapse rate. Subsequently, the glaciers receded due to climatic factors including a rise in temperature, as well as non-climatic factors, mainly the glacier bedrock topography.
文摘1 Post-stroke Sequela Stroke is one of the common and frequent diseases in the middle-aged and old people. With the continuous progress of the diagnostic techniques, the cure rate of stroke has been obviously increased. It is reported, in China, that the cerebrovascular diseases occur in 0.1%-0.5% people, among which 70% of them suffered from disability, bringing about heavy burden to the patient himself, their families and the society.
基金Supported by National Scientific Fund(Assessing Micro RNA-mediated Endothelial Cell Injury in Blood Stasis,No.81173157)Guangdong Scientific Fund(Assessing Micro RNA-mediated Endothelial Cell Injury in Blood Stasis,No.10151063201000045)
文摘OBJECTIVE:To screen for m RNAs associated with blood stasis syndrome and to explore the genetic mechanisms of blood stasis syndrome in hypertension.METHODS:This study involved groups of patients with hypertension and blood stasis,including those with Qi deficiency,Qi stagnation,cold retention and heat retention;as well as hypertensive patients without blood stasis and healthy individuals.Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were co-cultured with the sera of these healthy individuals and patients with blood stasis syndrome.Total RNA was extracted from these cells and assessed by a high-throughput sequencing method(Solexa)and digital gene expression.Differentially expressed genes among these six groups were compared using whole genome sequences,and m RNAs associated with blood stasis syndrome identified.Differences in gene use and gene ontology function were an-alyzed.Genes enriched significantly and their pathways were determined,as were network interactions,and encoded proteins.Gene identities were confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reactions.RESULTS:Compared with cells cultured in sera of the blood stasis groups,those culture in sera of healthy individuals and of the non-blood stasis group showed 11 and 301 differences,respectively in stasis-related genes.Genes identified as differing between the blood stasis and healthy groups included activating transcription factor 4,activating transcription factor 3,DNA-damage inducible transcription factor 3,Tribbles homolog 3,CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-β,and Jun proto-oncogene(JUN).Pathway and protein interaction network analyses showed that these genes were associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress.Cells cultured in sera of patients with blood stasis and Qi deficiency,Qi stagnation,heat retention,and cold retention were compared with cells cultured in sera of patients with the other types blood stasis syndrome.The comparison showed differences in expression of 28,28,34,and 32 specific genes,respectively.CONCLUSION:The pathogenesis of blood stasis syndrome in hypertension is related to endoplasmic reticulum stress and involves the differential expression of the activating transcription factor 4,activating transcription factor 3,DNA-damage inducible transcription factor 3,Tribbles homolog 3,CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-β,and JUN genes.
