Objective To evaluate the role of multidetector computed tomography-angiography(MDCTA) for management of life-threatening spontaneous retroperitoneal haemorrhage(SRH).Methods A retrospective analysis of the medical re...Objective To evaluate the role of multidetector computed tomography-angiography(MDCTA) for management of life-threatening spontaneous retroperitoneal haemorrhage(SRH).Methods A retrospective analysis of the medical records of all SRH patients admitted to our hospital from January 1,2005 to November 31,2014 was performed.SRH was defined as unrelated to invasive procedures,surgery,trauma,abdominal tumor or aortic aneurysm.Life-threatening SRH was defined as hemodynamic instability with hypotension.Sixteen cases met the inclusive criteria.Patients' characteristics,clinical presentation,imaging of MDCTA,treatment modalities,morbidity,and follow-up data were analyzed.Results The group of 16 patients included 11 men and 5 women,with a mean age of 51.5 ± 16.4years.All patients underwent MDCTA scan examinations,and active contrast media(CM) extravasation were found in 9 patients.Angiography was performed for 8 patients in the CM extravasation group.Bleeding vessels were found in 7 patients who underwent successful embolization.One patient in the CM extravasation group did not undergo angiography and died of bleeding.Seven patients without active CM extravasation underwent conservative management.Bleeding was controlled for all these 7 patients,and 1 patient died of multiple organ failure.Fourteen patients survived from SRH were successfully discharged.One patient died of heart failure during follow-up.Conclusion MDCTA was useful in the diagnosis of SRH and proved to be predictive for the outcome of conservative treatment and early intervention.展开更多
The paper focuses on the optimal control of natural resources in mining industry. The purpose is to pro- pose an optimal extraction series of these resources during the lifetime of the Mine＇s maintenance. Fol- lowing...The paper focuses on the optimal control of natural resources in mining industry. The purpose is to pro- pose an optimal extraction series of these resources during the lifetime of the Mine＇s maintenance. Fol- lowing the proposed optimal control model, a sensitivity analysis has been performed that includes the interest rate impact on the optimal solution. This study shows that the increasing of the interest rate sti- mulates faster extraction of the resources. The discounting factor induces that the resource has to be extracted faster hut this effect is counterbalanced by the diminishing returns of the annual cash flow. At higher parameters of ＂alpha＂ close to one of the power function about 80% from the whole resource will be extracted during the first 4 years of object/mine maintenance. An existence of unique positive root with respect to return of investment has been proposed and proved by two ways： by the ＂method of chords＂ and by using specialized software.展开更多
Many of those involved in the ecological movement have found inspiration and parallels within the Buddhist tradition. The Buddhist philosophy of karmic causality and dependent origination （pratitya-samutpada） convey...Many of those involved in the ecological movement have found inspiration and parallels within the Buddhist tradition. The Buddhist philosophy of karmic causality and dependent origination （pratitya-samutpada） convey the notion of interdependence of humans and nature. Today, especially in the United States, there are many movements, such as the Buddhist Peace Fellowship, to promote eco-living and sustainable communities, which call for humans to be mindful of the environment and make conscientious choices for the benefit of all sentient beings and non-sentient entities. Just as humans have been the cause of the gradual deterioration of Nature, we can also be the solution towards an coo-conscious living, which not only fosters a healthy environment, but also enables us to build good merit. The core Buddhist teaching, which must be embraced by all eco-minded practitioners is the notion of interdependence, which has been expounded by notable Japanese Buddhist figures in the eighth century, such as Kukai （774-835） of the Shingon School and Dogen （1200-1253） of the Soto Zen sect, who both viewed that non-living life forms--trees, plants, and the earth--could also achieve enlightenment. Their view is based on the ontological notions of Buddha-nature （tathagata-garbha） and Indra＇s Jewel Net, which is a powerful image found in Huayen＇s （Jpn. Kegon） Avatamsaka Sutra. This paper examines Buddhist teachings and sutras, which support eco-friendly and sustainable movements in our society and world today.展开更多
When ancient Chinese literatus suffered political frustration, they generally experienced tremendous emotional and psychological traumas. These traumas are entangled with disappointment, anger, fear, grief, desolation...When ancient Chinese literatus suffered political frustration, they generally experienced tremendous emotional and psychological traumas. These traumas are entangled with disappointment, anger, fear, grief, desolation, and other emotions. In most cases, the literatus would turn to nature for relaxation and freedom, composing a lot of literatures in an attempt to reflect on the meaning of life. In this paper, I will analyze the written works of Qu Yuan, the Seven Sages in the Bamboo Grove （~tJ~$qS~）, Liu Zongyuan, and Su Shi after they suffered political frustration to： （1） describe how their emotions changed; （2） illustrate how they built relationships between nature and self to relieve their frustrations; （3） clarify during these reflecting processes how they actually experienced the transformation and pursued the meaning of life; and （4） illuminate the significance of these pursuits, not only in spurring the boom of literal naturalism, but also in passing on the message for the current era with the joint crises of humans and the environment, to heal the earth and free themselves.展开更多
I make an attempt in the paper to argue in favor of the person-centered view of good life, where becoming a good person involves seeking to qualitatively transform oneself into a worthy human being. I maintain that be...I make an attempt in the paper to argue in favor of the person-centered view of good life, where becoming a good person involves seeking to qualitatively transform oneself into a worthy human being. I maintain that becoming fully a person and respecting others as persons are achievements that are not assured for all of us. Thus, for the purpose I prepare the ground for an account of good life that rests on valuational consciousness. I propose that one may ascribe valuational consciousness to a person who is a value-sensitive rational being striving to attain a kind of inner transparency. Evidently, to say that a person has valuational consciousness is to stress the values, which are built into personal consciousness. The life of a person, whether that of truth, courage, nobility, justice, kindness, is a life marked by ego transcending personal consciousness that reaches out to humanity at large. And such a repository of values enables a human being to attain the ideal of good life. The ideal of good life, I contend, consists of attaining the higher order posture of selflessness--a posture of inner transparency. It is to shake off the egocentric partiality that characterizes our usual attitudinal stance towards one another.展开更多
Recently, the frequent extreme natural disasters made enormous damage to the electric grid leading to blackouts. The lifeline system aiming at providing continuous power supply for the important load in extreme natura...Recently, the frequent extreme natural disasters made enormous damage to the electric grid leading to blackouts. The lifeline system aiming at providing continuous power supply for the important load in extreme natural disasters was designed in that condition. In this paper, a developed model for planning of the transformer substation in lifeline system which considered the effect of existing transformer substations, the motivated areas and punishment areas was proposed. The Hopfield NN （neural network） was adopted to solve the feeders and the PSO （particle swarm optimization） was adopted to new the locations of the transformer substations based on the feeders. The planning result not only took fully use of the existing substation but also got the suitable location for new construction which was satisfactory.展开更多
The emergence and development of constructal theory,which has been a new discipline branch to research sorts of structures in nature and engineering,are reviewed.The core of the constructal theory is that various shap...The emergence and development of constructal theory,which has been a new discipline branch to research sorts of structures in nature and engineering,are reviewed.The core of the constructal theory is that various shapes and structures of the matters in nature are generated from the tendency to obtain optimal performance.Constructal theory and its application are summarized,from disciplines such as heat,mechanism,fluid flow,electricity,magnetism and chemistry,to life and non-life systems in nature.展开更多
Ecosystem services are substantial elements for human society. The central challenge to meet the human needs from ecosystems while sustain the Earth's life support systems makes it urgent to enhance efficient natu...Ecosystem services are substantial elements for human society. The central challenge to meet the human needs from ecosystems while sustain the Earth's life support systems makes it urgent to enhance efficient natural resource management for sustainable ecological and socioeconomic development. Trade-off analysis of ecosystem services can help to identify optimal decision points to balance the costs and benefits of the diverse human uses of ecosystems. In this sense, the aim of this paper is to provide key insights into ecosystem services trade-off analysis at different scales from a land use perspective, by comprehensively reviewing the trade-offs analysis tools and approaches that addressed in ecology, economics and other fields. The review will significantly contribute to future research on trade-off analysis to avoid inferior management options and offer a win-win solution based on comprehensive and efficient planning for interacting multiple ecosystem services.展开更多
文摘Objective To evaluate the role of multidetector computed tomography-angiography(MDCTA) for management of life-threatening spontaneous retroperitoneal haemorrhage(SRH).Methods A retrospective analysis of the medical records of all SRH patients admitted to our hospital from January 1,2005 to November 31,2014 was performed.SRH was defined as unrelated to invasive procedures,surgery,trauma,abdominal tumor or aortic aneurysm.Life-threatening SRH was defined as hemodynamic instability with hypotension.Sixteen cases met the inclusive criteria.Patients' characteristics,clinical presentation,imaging of MDCTA,treatment modalities,morbidity,and follow-up data were analyzed.Results The group of 16 patients included 11 men and 5 women,with a mean age of 51.5 ± 16.4years.All patients underwent MDCTA scan examinations,and active contrast media(CM) extravasation were found in 9 patients.Angiography was performed for 8 patients in the CM extravasation group.Bleeding vessels were found in 7 patients who underwent successful embolization.One patient in the CM extravasation group did not undergo angiography and died of bleeding.Seven patients without active CM extravasation underwent conservative management.Bleeding was controlled for all these 7 patients,and 1 patient died of multiple organ failure.Fourteen patients survived from SRH were successfully discharged.One patient died of heart failure during follow-up.Conclusion MDCTA was useful in the diagnosis of SRH and proved to be predictive for the outcome of conservative treatment and early intervention.
文摘The paper focuses on the optimal control of natural resources in mining industry. The purpose is to pro- pose an optimal extraction series of these resources during the lifetime of the Mine＇s maintenance. Fol- lowing the proposed optimal control model, a sensitivity analysis has been performed that includes the interest rate impact on the optimal solution. This study shows that the increasing of the interest rate sti- mulates faster extraction of the resources. The discounting factor induces that the resource has to be extracted faster hut this effect is counterbalanced by the diminishing returns of the annual cash flow. At higher parameters of ＂alpha＂ close to one of the power function about 80% from the whole resource will be extracted during the first 4 years of object/mine maintenance. An existence of unique positive root with respect to return of investment has been proposed and proved by two ways： by the ＂method of chords＂ and by using specialized software.
文摘Many of those involved in the ecological movement have found inspiration and parallels within the Buddhist tradition. The Buddhist philosophy of karmic causality and dependent origination （pratitya-samutpada） convey the notion of interdependence of humans and nature. Today, especially in the United States, there are many movements, such as the Buddhist Peace Fellowship, to promote eco-living and sustainable communities, which call for humans to be mindful of the environment and make conscientious choices for the benefit of all sentient beings and non-sentient entities. Just as humans have been the cause of the gradual deterioration of Nature, we can also be the solution towards an coo-conscious living, which not only fosters a healthy environment, but also enables us to build good merit. The core Buddhist teaching, which must be embraced by all eco-minded practitioners is the notion of interdependence, which has been expounded by notable Japanese Buddhist figures in the eighth century, such as Kukai （774-835） of the Shingon School and Dogen （1200-1253） of the Soto Zen sect, who both viewed that non-living life forms--trees, plants, and the earth--could also achieve enlightenment. Their view is based on the ontological notions of Buddha-nature （tathagata-garbha） and Indra＇s Jewel Net, which is a powerful image found in Huayen＇s （Jpn. Kegon） Avatamsaka Sutra. This paper examines Buddhist teachings and sutras, which support eco-friendly and sustainable movements in our society and world today.
文摘When ancient Chinese literatus suffered political frustration, they generally experienced tremendous emotional and psychological traumas. These traumas are entangled with disappointment, anger, fear, grief, desolation, and other emotions. In most cases, the literatus would turn to nature for relaxation and freedom, composing a lot of literatures in an attempt to reflect on the meaning of life. In this paper, I will analyze the written works of Qu Yuan, the Seven Sages in the Bamboo Grove （~tJ~$qS~）, Liu Zongyuan, and Su Shi after they suffered political frustration to： （1） describe how their emotions changed; （2） illustrate how they built relationships between nature and self to relieve their frustrations; （3） clarify during these reflecting processes how they actually experienced the transformation and pursued the meaning of life; and （4） illuminate the significance of these pursuits, not only in spurring the boom of literal naturalism, but also in passing on the message for the current era with the joint crises of humans and the environment, to heal the earth and free themselves.
文摘I make an attempt in the paper to argue in favor of the person-centered view of good life, where becoming a good person involves seeking to qualitatively transform oneself into a worthy human being. I maintain that becoming fully a person and respecting others as persons are achievements that are not assured for all of us. Thus, for the purpose I prepare the ground for an account of good life that rests on valuational consciousness. I propose that one may ascribe valuational consciousness to a person who is a value-sensitive rational being striving to attain a kind of inner transparency. Evidently, to say that a person has valuational consciousness is to stress the values, which are built into personal consciousness. The life of a person, whether that of truth, courage, nobility, justice, kindness, is a life marked by ego transcending personal consciousness that reaches out to humanity at large. And such a repository of values enables a human being to attain the ideal of good life. The ideal of good life, I contend, consists of attaining the higher order posture of selflessness--a posture of inner transparency. It is to shake off the egocentric partiality that characterizes our usual attitudinal stance towards one another.
文摘Recently, the frequent extreme natural disasters made enormous damage to the electric grid leading to blackouts. The lifeline system aiming at providing continuous power supply for the important load in extreme natural disasters was designed in that condition. In this paper, a developed model for planning of the transformer substation in lifeline system which considered the effect of existing transformer substations, the motivated areas and punishment areas was proposed. The Hopfield NN （neural network） was adopted to solve the feeders and the PSO （particle swarm optimization） was adopted to new the locations of the transformer substations based on the feeders. The planning result not only took fully use of the existing substation but also got the suitable location for new construction which was satisfactory.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51176203)the Natural Science Foundation of Naval University of Engineering (Grant No. HGDYDJJ10011)
文摘The emergence and development of constructal theory,which has been a new discipline branch to research sorts of structures in nature and engineering,are reviewed.The core of the constructal theory is that various shapes and structures of the matters in nature are generated from the tendency to obtain optimal performance.Constructal theory and its application are summarized,from disciplines such as heat,mechanism,fluid flow,electricity,magnetism and chemistry,to life and non-life systems in nature.
基金China National Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholar,No.71225005The Key Project in the National Science&Technology Pillar Program of China,No.2013BACO3B00
文摘Ecosystem services are substantial elements for human society. The central challenge to meet the human needs from ecosystems while sustain the Earth's life support systems makes it urgent to enhance efficient natural resource management for sustainable ecological and socioeconomic development. Trade-off analysis of ecosystem services can help to identify optimal decision points to balance the costs and benefits of the diverse human uses of ecosystems. In this sense, the aim of this paper is to provide key insights into ecosystem services trade-off analysis at different scales from a land use perspective, by comprehensively reviewing the trade-offs analysis tools and approaches that addressed in ecology, economics and other fields. The review will significantly contribute to future research on trade-off analysis to avoid inferior management options and offer a win-win solution based on comprehensive and efficient planning for interacting multiple ecosystem services.
