STEAM视域下清末船政学堂“艺事”教育探究

我国实用专业人才培养和科学教育的最早发端可追溯至清末福建船政学堂的“艺事”教育。船政学堂“艺事”教育的出现有以下三方面的特征:清末救亡图存的时代背景,聚焦科学、技术、工程、语言与数学学科;让学生在做中学;以留学交流学习促进自主创新。不能简单地把STEAM教育理解为只是从美国传播而来的舶来品,在正视其国际内涵的同时,也应当充分考察其基于我国自身的历史起源,为我国STEAM教育寻找内生之根,并为其实现本土化提供历史资源。

论先秦工匠的文化形象

上古时代,工匠是除巫职之外的又一个重要的专业阶层,它们在某些职事上与巫相同,都以规矩为符号,因此被认为有神秘性特点,有权谏诫君王。春秋战国时期,工匠的"艺事"又被视为"道"的体现。先秦史书中记载的工匠有垂、奚仲、傅说、匠庆等,他们艺事精湛,地位崇高,行谏诫之责。《墨子》指责公输班"重技轻义",显示了墨家对工匠超越性传统的坚持;《庄子》中的工匠多为得道者或谏诫者形象。这些工匠在谏诫时则往往以自己的技艺设喻,体现了"执艺事以谏"的特点。

Agent-based Implementation for Automatic Process Planning

During the last few years, attention in the manufacturing cycle has shifted towards concurrent engineering (CE). With this, the integration of the different product life cycle processes has become a focus in both research and industry. However, it is obvious that the integration of all manufacturing processes, taking into account all life cycle aspects from initial functional requirements to final disposal, is hardly feasible in the traditional way. In this paper, an agent based model is proposed for the automatic computer aided process planning (CAPP)integration. The autonomy, flexibility, interoperability, modularity and scalability of agent are made use of to cooperate the whole process planning and achieve the full share of resource and information. Thus,the unnecessary waste on human, time and work quantity is reduced. On the basis of the model, an agent based automatic process implementation system of CAPP is developed for demonstration in purpose.

Theatrical Storytelling From Page to Stage： An Applied Study in Writing and Performing Techniques

Storytelling is an important performing art. Attracting theater practitioners and audiences are the main targets. Successful narrator communication is one of the biggest challenges even when theatres facilitate communication with scenery, lighting and costumes etc., as the performance depends primarily on the text and narrator for successful expression. This study views the most important techniques to create a well-made story at both text and performance levels. The researcher begins differentiating storytelling, imitation and characterization, as this understanding assists the objective of this study, which is to determine specific techniques to achieve successful communication with an audience. This research highlights elements which distort story structure; including immersion in narrative without incident description, identified as the most dangerous element due to description being essential to create suspense.1 Text condensation is also crucial. A good writer uses his pen more for deletion than addition. Repeated reading and deletion to condense the story to its optimal is vital. Also included are techniques for good text rhythm in addition to production of captivating beginnings. Further techniques to raise audience attention in text and event building, as well as to determine conflict and types, narrator language use and the structure of the diagnostic viewer, finally, mastering story ending techniques are provided. At performance level, this research provides techniques in creativity prologue, good story rhythm, body language and eye contact together with prop （object） use; all of which enable the narrator to capture and retain audience attention throughout. This research concludes with recommendations on how to achieve a good storytelling performance.

Conceptual Art： The Untold Story of African Art

Conceptual art is one of the twentieth century art movements that has gained popular attention in the contemporary artworld. It has received much scholarly prominence in the Western world, and perceived as an emergent art of European origin. What has been given little or no scholarly attention is the African essence of root of conceptual art movement. This article addresses the historical epochs of conceptual art in Africa and delves into the critical question of whether or not conceptual art is an emergent art in Africa. With the help of the images of African artworks, this article attempts to fmd visual answers by examining the art-historical account of the art through visual analysis in simple narrative format in telling the African side of the story. It concludes that the adoration and idolization of Marcel Duchamp as the father of conceptual art is contestable since the art was many centuries old in Africa before the twentieth century artists began to practice it in the West. Duchamp＇s attempt at dematerialization of art, and showing distaste to the traditional aesthetics of Western art at the time through conceptual exploration had been in practice in African art and, therefore, not an invention.

Nature＇s Artistic Narrative

Many people have devoted their professional lives to translating and understanding the artistic narrative told by light, stones, bones, and blood. There is still much we do not understand about the epic saga told by nature about creativity and destruction, coherence and surprise, colors and lines, and so much else. But we can read in nature the major chapters of an improbable story about where we came from, how we got here, and what we are made of. The nature-the stories--from which we have emerged have led to our abilities to explicitly imagine, to create more complex and beautiful relationships, or to end our chapter.

Study on The Music Culture of Cribwork Song of Kangxian County,Longnan City of China

Cribwork Song is a long narrative folk song,which spread in the folk of Kangxian County,Longnan City,Gansu Province of China.This paper has analyzed historical background,humanistic environment,story plot,artistic characteristic and inheritance significance of Cribwork Song.

All Conversations About Love Are the Same

In The Metaphysics of Love, Schopenhauer argues that love is a literary invention. For the philosopher, this feeling was a creation of men to mask the real desire. On the other hand, Nicolas Grimaldi, while analysing Marcel Proust＇s work, enumerates a series of issues that strengthen Schopenhauer＇s arguments. For Grimaldi, the writer explains the literary character of love in its work. Through the analysis of four films, from different cinematography, this work intends to explore the issue of the representation of love in the art of film. In an attempt to understand how film uses its formal and discursive resources to present or represent this feeling, this paper analyses films chosen on the basis of how they tell their love stories. Beginning with Gertrud whose motto, Omnia Love says it all. In The Woman Next Door, Truffaut reveals the paradox of love and pain. Wings of Desire speaks of love and redemption. More recently, Kiarostami offered his Certified Copy, a film that asks whether a copy can produce in us the same thrill of an original. If love is an invention of literature, this paper seeks to understand how such an invention is born, and what it consists in modern and contemporary cinema.

Storytelling in a Hospital and the Self＇s Homecoming The Act of a Greek Woman Storyteller From Nafplion in Greece and the Art of Narration

In this paper the author draws extensively upon her personal experience in witnessing storytelling in the oncological wing of the Laiko Hospital of Athens during her hospitalization in September-October 2004. More specifically, she concentrates on the presence of an inspired woman folk storyteller who, also a patient visited in the same period the hospital for personal treatment. Having the ability to tell a story skillfully, the specific storyteller ultimately tried with her narrations to ease the pain, both physical and spiritual, of patients that suffered from heavy or light forms of cancer, regardless of the fact that she herself was facing similar health problems. This essay sheds light on the persistence and function of tradition in our days and examines how illness and misfortune are ascribed and how the storyteller and listeners are connected. Her purpose is to find out what and how people learn and teach each other under special circumstances. This question has not been absent from the work of folklorists. The fieldwork was based on qualitative research, and the ethnographic method and collecting were used.

The Application of Double Vision in The Great Gatsby

F. Scott Fitzgerald is called ＂the angel of the Jazz Age＂. His masterpiece The Great Gatsby is regarded as a classic in American literature. The success of this novel is largely due to the effective application of double vision perspective. Through analyzing the application of double vision in The Great Gatsby, the thesis tries to claim that although Fitzgerald holds double attitudes towards things in the novel, double vision perspective hasn＇t blurred the themes but helped to clarify the themes. Because between each pair of polar opposites, one side of the opposites always triumphs over the other, which let the readers eventually see clearly the author＇s artistic intension. It is the application of double vision that enriches, clarifies the themes of the novel, which makes the romantic love story, delivers deeper meanings.

The Great Semblance Is Invisible Lao tzu and Chuang tzu＇s Cognitive Aesthetics

In the paper I will research Lao tzu and Chuang tzu＇s cognitive aesthetics based on the generalized cognizance. Lao tzu and Chuang tzu are the representative figures of Taoism in pre-Qin period, they fully affirm the natural and human nature, naysay affirm human social, cultural and moral, cancel the traditional music, naysay affirm material, they pursue art which is eligibility natural and completely abandon the man-made things, esthetical state according with Tao. They think the great voice is no sound, the great semblance is invisible, the no sound voice and invisible semblance are insight native beauty which are associated with a specific aesthetic feeling but surpass the limited aesthetic feeling, all is the highest state of art and beauty, reach this level, in fact, has entered the Tao. In order to reach this state, they asked people to cleanse away inner desire and external disturbance, keep simplicity, abandon knowledge and wisdom, keep heart bright and clean, forget everything in order to contact the natural law with the nature, the nature＇s mystery runs automatically, the sounds of nature sound itself. About the invisible semblance aesthetic, they put forward the concepts such as gain its meaning but forget the word, illocutionary force

Eros and Thanatos in Theo Angelopoulos＇ Trilogy： The Weeping Meadow （2004） and Dust of Time （2008）

Eros and Thanatos are the forces of life and death. The Ancient Greek Philosophers never showed the two gods together. Nevertheless, in the main myths related to the netherworld such as those of Orpheus or Persephone, the two gods are in a continuous fight which has determined the human condition until nowadays. The author wishes in this paper to examine how the Orpheus＇ myth related to the duality Eros and Thanatos is treated in Theo Angelopoulos＇ world and especially how it appears in Ulysses＇ Gaze （1995） and Trilogy： The Weeping Meadow （2004） and Dust of Time （2008）. In this last Angelopoulos＇ Trilogy, we will search the unfolds of the love story of two young people started in Odessa in 1918 and finished by the death of the woman at the end of the century, under the lens of the duality Eros and Thanatos as literal and metaphorical qualities. The historical and personal adventures of the two characters represent a daedal itinerary from East to West, which offers multiple levels of reading of the filmic texts. A comparative approach with myth, literature, and historical research will demonstrate the richness of artistic expression and a profound relationship of Angelopoulos＇ thought with the formulaic myths he introduces in his filmic work.

Drinking water safety and the development of purification technology

This paper briefly introduced the evolution of purification technology for drinking water over time. After description of the 1st generation processes in the beginning of the 20th century - conventional processes and the 2nd generation processes in 1970s - advanced treatment processes, a tertiary processes - UF (ultrafiltration) based on integrated processes was proposed. Moreover, reaction measures (dosing variety of regents for different contaminants) for urban source water emergencies were illustrated in brief. A new technology of KMnO4 and potassium permanganate composite (PPC) for drinking water purification which was developed by Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT) was concisely introduced.

Giorgio Vasari＇s Last Supper： A Thanksgiving Celebration

Among the numerous themes on the suppers cited in the Bible, the Last Supper of Christ with His twelve apostles is the most poignant and rewarding for Christianity. Florentine Renaissance depictions of the theme are numerous and varied, traditionally represented as a predella （step） panel and as an altarpiece in dining halls or sacristies of churches and convents. Vasari＇s Last Supper for the Refectory ofLe Murate （The Walled） in Florence is an unusual depiction of Christ＇s thanksgiving. This imposing religious structure was painted for a poor Benedictine nunnery＇s cenacolo （refectory） in Florence. Vasari completed two drawings for the commission in 1546. The drawings and painting reveal how Vasari drew upon the work of his predecessors to create an innovative expression of thanksgiving, betrayal, and departure. This large masterpiece was severely damaged, almost irreparably, by several mishaps and floods in 1583 and 1718 and, more recently, by the major Florentine alluvione （flood） of 1966. In commemoration of the 50th year anniversary of this last catastrophic event, Vasari＇s Le Mutate Last Supper was carefully and magically restored by a group of masterful technicians, artists, and scientists. Their collaboration and support from the private sector demonstrate the successful bond among art, technology, science, and patronage.

Aesthetic art development and protection of Tujia waving dance in Hunan Province

Tujia dance is an advanced, special form of human aesthetic activities. The so-called aesthetic, simply put, is to feel, and understand the objective things or phenomena presented by the United States itself： specifically, it refers to the people in their social practice and objective process of historical things or phenomena occur and construct a special performance relationship. There are basically three kinds of relationships of man and objective things or phenomena： firstly, cognitive relation of science; Secondly, ethical norms relations; thirdly, aesthetic performance relationship. Focus on the relationship between the performances of the aesthetic object vivid sense of the expressive form of regularity is the unity and purpose, with freedom. The essence of aesthetic is liberty. Art aesthetic and general aesthetic are different, mainly because of its aesthetic objects, which is based on works of art as an aesthetic object. General aesthetic contemplation of beauty of reality, the reality of objective things or phenomena, not as people practice the original object mad the object of knowledge exists. In social practice, they first form a rational understanding of relationships and will practice relationship. On this basis, when the society develops to the degree of no direct utilitarian attitude, practical attitude towards the object of an object only when there has been more mature, purely aesthetic relationship. The beauty of art is different from the reality beauty, which is produced and existed as an aesthetic object.

Characterization of single-event multiple cell upsets in a custom SRAM in a 65 nm triple-well CMOS technology

In this paper, the characterization of single event multiple cell upsets(MCUs) in a custom SRAM is performed in a 65 nm triple-well CMOS technology, and O(linear energy transfer(LET) = 3.1 Me V cm2/mg), Ti(LET = 22.2 Me V cm2/mg) and Ge(LET = 37.4 Me V cm2/mg) particles are employed. The experimental results show that the percentage of MCU events in total upset events is 71.11%, 83.47% and 85.53% at O, Ti and Ge exposures. Moreover, due to the vertical well isolation layout, 100%(O), 100%(Ti) and 98.11%(Ge) MCU cluster just present at one or two adjacent columns, but there are still 4 cell upsets in one MCU cluster appearing on the same word wire. The characterization indicates that MCUs have become the main source of soft errors in SRAM, and even though combining the storage array interleaving distance(ID) scheme with the error detection and correction(EDAC) technique, the MCUs cannot be completely eliminated, new radiation hardened by design techniques still need to be further studied.

Analysis of process variations impact on the single-event transient quenching in 65 nm CMOS combinational circuits

Single-event transient pulse quenching （Quenching effect） is employed to effectively mitigate WSET （SET pulse width）. It en- hanced along with the increased charge sharing which is norm for future advanced technologies. As technology scales, param- eter variation is another serious issue that significantly affects circuit＇s performance and single-event response. Monte Carlo simulations combined with TCAD （Technology Computer-Aided Design） simulations are conducted on a six-stage inverter chain to identify and quantify the impact of charge sharing and parameter variation on pulse quenching. Studies show that charge sharing induce a wider WSET spread range. The difference of WSET range between no quenching and quenching is smaller in NMOS （N-Channel Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor） simulation than that in PMOS＇ （P-Channel Met- N-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor）, so that from parameter variation view, quenching is beneficial in PMOS SET mitigation. The individual parameter analysis indicates that gate oxide thickness （TOXE） and channel length variation （XL） mostly affect SET response of combinational circuits. They bring 14.58% and 19.73% average WSET difference probabilities for no-quenching cases, and 105.56% and 123.32% for quenching cases.