石斛消萎汤结合西药常规对慢性萎缩性胃炎患者血管内皮因子的调节作用研究

目的评价石斛消萎汤结合西药常规对慢性萎缩性胃炎患者血管内皮因子的调节作用研究。方法选择慢性萎缩性胃炎患者116例,随机分为两组各58例。对照组患者采用西药常规治疗,研究组在对照组治疗的基础上,口服石斛消萎汤治疗,两组患者均连续治疗1个月。比较两组治疗前后临床症状积分和治疗疗效,比较两组治疗前后胃镜病理组织评分、胃镜黏膜征象、消化不良症状和结局指标(PRO)评分,比较两组治疗前后血清学指标和血管内皮因子水平。结果研究组治疗总有效率为96.55%(56/58)高于对照组治疗总有效率(82.76%,48/58)(P<0.05);研究组治疗后临床症状积分低于对照组(P<0.05);研究组治疗后萎缩程度、肠化程度、HP感染、慢性炎性反应和活动性评分低于对照组(P<0.05);研究组治疗后胃镜黏膜征象、消化不良症状和PRO评分低于对照组(P<0.05);研究组治疗后血清学指标前列腺素E2(PGE2)、降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)、胃蛋白酶原I(PGI)水平高于对照组(P<0.05);研究组治疗后血管内皮因子VEGF和NO水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论石斛消萎汤结合西药常规治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎效果确切,可有效地改善患者的临床症状,有利于体内相关血管生长因子的释放,发挥对胃黏膜的保护作用,进而改善病理组织学病变,促进黏膜修复,提高治疗疗效和患者的生活质量,值得临床进一步推广应用。

丹参化萎汤通过调控let-7a miRNA血清因子治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎(脾虚血瘀型)机理研究

目的观察丹参化萎汤和胃复春胶囊对治疗前后let-7a miRNA的表达、内镜黏膜表现、组织病理学及症状评分的影响。方法选取符合脾虚血瘀型慢性萎缩性胃炎诊断及辨证标准的患者72例。采用随机数字法将患者分为观察组和对照组,每组36例。观察组给予口服丹参化萎汤,对照组给予胃复春胶囊,连续治疗24周,比较治疗前后患者胃镜黏膜功能评分、组织病理学评分、临床症状评分,同时检测let-7a的表达。结果治疗后观察组和对照组的let-7a表达均明显升高(P<0.05),且观察组的升高程度明显高于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者在电子胃镜下的胃黏膜评分和病理组织评分均低于治疗前(P<0.05),观察组胃黏膜评分、病理组织评分明显低于对照组(P<0.05),萎缩的病理评分明显低于肠上皮化生(P<0.05);治疗后观察组和对照组的中医症状评分均明显降低(P<0.05),观察组的降低程度比对照组更显著(P<0.05),主症中的胃脘胀满或痞满症状评分比胃脘疼痛降低更加显著(P<0.05),次症中的面色暗滞、大便稀溏症状评分比食少、倦怠乏力降低更加显著(P<0.05)。结论丹参化萎汤治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎的机制,可能是通过上调let-7a miRNA的表达,改善内镜下胃黏膜表现,达到病理组织学改变,减轻中医症状,延缓慢性萎缩性胃炎向胃癌转变的过程,为中医药治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎提供临床依据。

理气通络愈萎汤治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎临床观察

目的观察理气通络愈萎汤治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎的临床疗效。方法以2018年2月—2020年3月该院收治的慢性萎缩性胃炎患者82例为研究对象,依据随机数字表法将患者分为研究组和对照组,每组41例。对照组口服奥美拉唑肠溶胶囊,20 mg/次,2次/d。研究组在对照组治疗的基础上,口服理气通络愈萎汤治疗。两组均治疗3个月。比较两组治疗疗效,胃络瘀血证中医证候积分,胃黏膜萎缩、肠化和异型增生评分,血清胃蛋白酶原I(PGI)、PGII和胃泌素17(G-17)水平。结果研究组治疗疗效高于对照组(P<0.05);研究组和对照组治疗后胃络瘀血证中医证候积分较治疗前降低,研究组降低幅度优于对照组(P<0.05);研究组和对照组治疗后胃黏膜萎缩、肠化和异型增生评分较治疗前降低,研究组降低幅度优于对照组(P<0.05);研究组治疗后血清PGI、G-17水平高于对照组,PGII水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论理气通络愈萎汤治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎疗效确切,可有效地改善胃络瘀血证患者的中医证候积分和胃黏膜组织病理学形态,提升治疗效果,其机制可能和促进胃固有腺体增加有关。

扶正抗萎方对胃癌前病变ESD术后患者胃肠功能、蛋白组学及Hedgehog信号通路影响

目的探讨扶正抗萎方对胃癌前病变内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)术后患者胃肠功能、蛋白组学及Hedgehog信号通路的影响。方法选取2019年3月—2020年6月于徐州市中医院接受治疗的93例胃癌前病变患者进行前瞻性研究,根据随机数字表法将纳入研究的病例分为对照组和中药联合组,患者入院后均行ESD进行治疗,对照组术后采取常规治疗方案并口服叶酸片和替普瑞酮胶囊,中药联合组在常规治疗的基础上加服扶正抗萎方进行治疗。两组患者均连续治疗6个月,疗程结束后统计疗效。对比两组患者治疗前后中医证候积分及血清胃泌素(GAS)、血清胃动素(MOT)含量,通过免疫组织化学染色法对比病理组织中音猬因子(Shh)、平滑因子(Smo)、融合同源物(果蝇)抑制因子(SuFu)蛋白染色结果并评估以上蛋白表达情况。结果治疗后中药联合组疗效分级情况明显优于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后两组患者各项中医证候积分及总分均下降(P<0.05),且中药联合组明显低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后两组患者血清GAS和MOT含量均升高(P<0.05),且中药联合组明显高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后两组患者Shh、Smo、SuFu蛋白染色强度均降低(P<0.05),且中药联合组明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论扶正抗萎方对胃癌前病变ESD术后患者疗效较好,可有效改善腺体萎缩、肠上皮化生以及上皮内瘤变等病变,促进胃肠功能恢复,其作用机制可能与调节Hedgehog信号通路上Shh、Smo、SuFu等蛋白表达水平有关。

慢性萎缩性胃炎患者肠道菌群特征

目的探讨不同炎症程度慢性萎缩性胃炎(CAG)患者肠道菌群特征,为该类患者的治疗提供参考。方法对36例健康人(健康对照组)和8例轻度炎症(轻度炎症组)、26例中度炎症(中度炎症组)、8例重度炎症(重度炎症组)的CAG患者的粪便样本进行16S rRNA基因高通量测序(V4—V5区),采用Sobs、Shannon、Simpson、Ace、Chao指数评估4组对象肠道菌群的物种丰富度与多样性;采用PLS-DA分析评估4组对象肠道微生物群落结构;采用LDA与LEfSe分析确定4组对象相对丰度存在显著差异的肠道菌群;采用PICRUSt预测CAG患者显著富集肠道菌属的代谢通路信息。结果与健康对照组相比,轻、中、重度炎症组患者肠道菌群Sobs、Ace、Chao、Simpson指数有降低趋势,但差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。Ruminococcus_gnavus_group、norank_f_Ruminococcaceae、Erysipelatoclostridium、Actinomyces在轻度炎症组中显著富集,Flavonifractor、Sellimonas在中度炎症组中显著富集,Eubacterium_rectale_group、Erysipelotrichaceae_UCG-003、Tyzzerella_3、Coprococcus_1、Candidatus_Soleaferrea在重度炎症组中显著富集。此外,Lachnospiraceae_UCG-004、Eubacterium_nodatum_group的丰度在健康对照组、轻度炎症组、中度炎症组、重度炎症组中呈递增趋势;Anaerostipes、Ruminiclostridium_9、Halomonas、Pelagibacterium的丰度在健康对照组、轻度炎症组、中度炎症组、重度炎症组中呈递减趋势,但差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。PICRUSt分析结果显示4组对象肠道菌群代谢通路相似,但是代谢通路的丰度不同,其中重度炎症组患者肠道菌群代谢功能潜力高于健康对照组、轻度炎症组和中度炎症组。结论CAG患者肠道菌群变化的总体特征为产丁酸盐的菌属丰度减少,促炎菌属的丰度增加。促炎菌属可能通过附着于肠道上皮导致黏膜屏障受损和肠道通透性增加,影响宿主免疫反应,引起炎症。

Resistance Evaluation of Eggplant Resources to Verticillium wilt in Sichuan Province

[Objective] Aimed to lay a scientific foundation for eggplant resistant breeding, the resistant field identification of eggplant resources to Verticillium wilt was carried out. [Method] Test materials were 35 eggplant resources, which were collected from various places in Sichuan province since 2001. These eggplant resources were made resistance evaluation to Verticillium wilt by watering injured roots with Verticillium dahliae spore suspension. [Result] The eggplant resources had good resistance to Verticillium wilt. Among 35 evaluated resources, 10 resources like 242-9OP, 41-1,35-R5, etc. were resistant, while 23 resources like 68 ×47, Zizaoqie, 32-1, etc. were tolerant. Some resistant resources like 41-1,35-R5, 47-R1, etc. had been transferred into new resistant varieties like EF9910, etc. by breeding institutes. [Conclusion] The resistant level and future resistance breeding direction of eggplant resources in Sichuan were clarified by the resistance evaluation of eggplant resources so as to provide a technical guidance for eggplant resistance breeding.

Screening for Siderophore-producing Endophytic Bacteria against Fusarium oxysporum

[Objective] With a strain of endophytic antagonistic bacteria with good disease control efficacy in pot as trial material,the paper was to explore the antagonistic mechanism of siderophore against Fusarium oxysporum.[Method] Whether the strain produced siderophore and its fluorescent property was judged by MSA（Modified Sugar-Aspartic acid） plate.The siderophore activity of strains in liquid MSA medium was determined through the absorbance values at particular wavelength.The inhibition effects of it siderophore against F.oxysporum under different concentrations of Fe3＋ were compared.Then the strain was preliminarily identified based on morphological,physiological and biochemical characteristics [Result] The fluorescent siderophore produced by the endophytic bacteria in MSA medium had a strong inhibition effect against F.oxysporum.With the increasing concentration of Fe3＋,the inhibition effect against the pathogen weakened.The preliminary analysis showed these strains belonged to Bacillus.[Conclusion] Bacillus could compete the absorption of Fe3＋ by secreting siderophore to inhibit the growth of F.oxysporum.

Increase of β -1, 3-Glucanase and Chitinase Activities in Cotton Callus Cells Treated by Salicylic Acid and Toxin of Verticillium dahliae

The different resistance of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars to crude toxin of Verticillium dah/iae(VD) was correlated with the activities of chitinase and β-1, 3-glucanase in callus cells. The activities of chitinase and β-1, 3-glucanase in the callus cells treated with the VD-toxin were increased to the higher level at earlier time point in resistant cultivars than these in the susceptible cultivars. Exogenous salicylic acid (SA) induced the accumulation of chitinase and β -1,3-glucanase, which resulted in the resistance of callus cells to the VD. toxin. Western blot using a polyclonal antibody against β -1,3-glucanase identified 28 kD protein that was induced by VD-toxin, SA, or VD-toxin plus SA.

Preliminary Study on Garlic Root Exudates Influences to the Growth of Pomegranate Wilt Pathogen(Ceratocystis fimbriata)and Bacillus subtilis

[Objectives] This paper aims to explore the possibility to intercrop garlic with pomegranate tree to control pomegranate wilt.[Methods] Root exudates of garlic is cultivated in 1/5 concentration of MS solution and distilled water is examined in lab to test their effect to growth of mycelia of pomegranate wilt pathogen（Ceratocystis fimbriata）and multiplication of Bacillus subtilis.[Results] The result shows that garlic root exudates whatever cultivated in MS solution or distilled water could not inhibit or promote mycelia growth of C.fimbriata.However,garlic root exudates cultivated in both methods effectively promote multiplication of B.subtilis.[Conclusions] It is suggested that intercropping garlic with pomegranate tree by combining application B.subtilis could be a promising way to prevent pomegranate wilt spread in practice.

Screening and Identification of Antagonistic Bacteria against Soil-borne Diseases of Tomato

[Objective] This study was conducted to screen resources for biological control of soil-borne diseases of tomato. [Method] Antagonistic bacteria against Ral- stonia solanacearum and Fusarium oxysporum were isolated and purified from soil samples by dilution plating and confronting incubation on PDA plates, then the antibacterial spectrum and metabolic secretions of the bacterial isolates were measured, and their species were identified by establishing phylogenetic trees with Neighbor-Joining method. [Result] From the 60 soil samples, 10 of 59 antagonistic bacteria isolates against R. solanacearum showed inhibition zone diameter 〉 25 mm, and 4 of 30 strains against F. oxysporum exhibited inhibition rate 〉 30%. The bacteriostatic substances and antibacterial spectrum analysis on above 14 isolates revealed that four strains N23-2, N58-2, NF59-3 and NF61-1 had good antago- nism against pathogenic bacteria and fungi; 12 strains produced cellulose, 11 strains produced proteases, and 6 strains produced siderophores. The molecular identification experiments indicated that four strains were members of Paenibacillus, three strains of Streptomyces, three strains of Pseudomonas strains, and four strains of Bacillus strains.

Inhibitive Activity of the Extracts of Plants in Artemisia against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum and Fusarium momiliforme

[Objective]The aim was to provide theoretical basis for the control of cotton Fusarium wilt and cotton boll rot disease.[Method]The inhibitory activity of the extracts from three species of plants(Artemisia annual L.,Artemisia capillaris Thunb.,Artemisia argyi Levl.et Vant)against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.vasinfectum and Fusarium moniliforme were studied under the condition of laboratory.[Result]The extracts of all the three plants in Artemisia showed strong antifungal activity against the tested pathogenic ...

三种中药复方对脑缺血再灌注大鼠脑组织ICAM-1和NF-κB表达的动态影响

目的比较三种中药复方(益气活血汤、镇肝息风汤、星蒌承气汤)对脑缺血再灌注大鼠脑组织I-CAM-1和NF-κB蛋白表达的动态影响,探讨其抗脑缺血再灌注炎性损伤的机制。方法采用线栓法大脑中动脉制作大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注模型,脑缺血2h,分别再灌注24、48和72h。大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、益气活血汤组、镇肝息风汤组和星蒌承气汤组。采用免疫组化SABC染色法分别检测缺血半暗带ICAM-1和NF-κB蛋白表达。结果脑缺血2h再灌注各时间点与假手术组比较,ICAM-1和NF-κB蛋白表达阳性细胞数显著增加;再灌注24h各治疗组与模型组比较,ICAM-1蛋白表达阳性细胞数显著减少;再灌注48h各治疗组NF-κB蛋白表达阳性细胞数显著降低,ICAM-1仅星蒌承气汤组显著降低;再灌注72hICAM-1和NF-κB蛋白表达阳性细胞数均显著减少;组间比较24h镇肝息风汤组优于其他组,48h星蒌承气汤组优于其他组,48h益气活血汤组优于其他组。结论上述三种中药复方可以通过降低ICAM-1和NF-κB蛋白表达抗脑缺血再灌注炎性损伤。

Effect of Chitinase-Producing Strain V-8 on Controlling Cotton Fusarium Wilt

[Objective] This study aimed to screen endophytic bacteria which is antag- onistic to cotton Fusarium wilt. [Method] Fresh cotton plants collected from cotton- growing areas in Jingzhou City, Hubei Province were used as experimental materials to isolate endophytic bacteria. Through chitinase test and co-culturing both micro-or- ganisms side by side on the same PDA culture plate, antagonistic strains to cotton Fusarium wilt were screened. [Result] A total of 83 bacterial isolates were obtained from cotton plants grown in the fields, six of which were chitinase-productive bacte- ria. Through chitinase test and co-culturing both micro-organisms side by side on the same PDA culture plate, strain V-8 which had the strongest antagonistic effect on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum was screened. Strain V-8 had a wider anti- fungal spectrum with certain inhibitory effect on all the six important pathogenic fungi including Fusarium oxysporum f. sp niveum; it colonized stably in the rhizospheric soil of cotton, with a colonization density of up to 6.2x10s cfu/g fifty days after inoc- ulation; the relative effect on controlling cotton Fusarium wilt in pot test was 73.2%. The Findings of this study suggested that strain V-8 had great potential for biological control of cotton Fusarium wilt and could be taken as a substantial material for the cloning of chitinase genes. [Conclusion] The results from this study provides bases for the control of cotton fusarium wilt, as well as the exploitation of endophytic bac- teria resources in cotton and the development of novel biological pesticides.

A Preliminary Study on Biological Activity of Wikstroemia chamaedaphne Meissn

[ Objective ] The insecticidal and antibacterial bioactivity of Wikstroemia chamaedaphne Meissn were screened and bioactive substances in it were separated and purified. [ Method] The Wikstroemia chamaedaphne Meissn was conducted ultrasonic extraction in petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and methanol. The insecticidal activity of Wikstroemia chamaedaphne Meissn to Mythimna separata walker and aphid were determined. The antibacterial activity of Wikstroemia chamaedaphne Meissn to Fusarium graminearu, Glomerella cingulata, F. oxysporium f. sp niveum, Alternaria solani and Fusarium oxysporium were also determined. The bioactivity-guided methods such as opencolumn chromatography and Pre-HPLC method were used to separate active components in petroleum ether extract from Wikstroemia chamaedaphne Meissn. [ Result] When the concentration was 500 mg/L, 3 kinds of extracts from Wikstroemia chamaedaphne Meissn didn＇ t show obvious antibacterial bioactivity to 5 kinds of test samples. When the concentration was 5%, petroleum ether extract show certain topical toxicity to aphids. The ethyl acetate extract showed certain antifeedant activity to 3^rd instar Larvae of Mythimna separata Walker. The fraction F4 of petroleum ether extract possessed highest topical toxicity to aphids and the lethality was 60.00%. [ Conclusion] Wikstroemia chamaedaphne Meissn contained many insecticidal constituents whose active parts and mechanism were needed further researches.

Effects of Medium Nutrients on Fusarium oxysporum Schl. f.sp

[Objective] To study the effects of different culture conditions on the Fusarium oxysporurn SchL f. sp. [Method] Based on species identification of the pathogenic organism of Fusarium oxysporum Schl. f. sp, effects of different cultures and different nutrients on the mycelial growth and conidial production of Fusarium oxysporum SchL f. sp were studied. [Result] The mycelial growth and conidial pro- duction of Fusarium oxysporum SchL f. sp was different under different culture con- ditions. PDA medium was the most suitable medium for the mycelial growth and had the highest conidial production; and the mycelial grew the fastest on the medium with maltose as carbon source or peptone as nitrogen source, which also had the highest conidial production. [Conclusion] This study provided experimental basis for the study of Fusarium oxysporum SchL f. sp and also provided theoretical basis for the study and control of Fusarium oxysporum Schl. f. sp.

Antagonistic Endophytic Bacteria Isolated from Different Growth Stages of Cotton for the Control of Cotton Verticillium wilt

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the combined control effects of endophytic bacteria at different growth stages against cotton Verticfllium wilt and pro- vide a new strategy for the biocontrol of other soil-borne diseases. [Method] Endophytic bacteria with high resistance against Verticillium wilt were isolated from seedling, squaring and boll-setting cotton vascular, respectively. Their 16S rDNA se- quences were detected for comparative analysis. Three biocontrol strains were se- lected and identified, whose colonization roles in cotton plants were explored. The control efficiency was determined with indoor and field experiments. [Result] Accord- ing to the 16S rDNA sequence homology, the three strains were identified as Paeni- bacillus polyrnyxa YUPP-8, Paenibacillus xylanilyticus YUPP-1 and Bacillus subtilis YUPP-2, respectively. Results of colonization assessment showed that three strains all could be successfully colonized in cotton vascular. However, application amount had a positive effect on the number of colonized biocontrol bacteria in cotton, strain YUPP-8 had the largest number of colonized biocontrol bacteria in seedling period, strain YUPP-1 had the largest number of colonized biocontrol bacteria in squaring period, and strain YUPP-2 had the largest number of colonized biocontrol bacteria in boll-setting period. Indoor pot experiment showed that cotton plants in combined bio- control bacteria treatment group were not infected in flowing period, while Verticillium wilt morbidity rate of cotton treated with single strain in seedling period were 6.7% （YUPP-8）, 6.7% （YUPP-1） and 13.3% （YUPP-2）; however, Verticillium wilt morbidity rate wilt of the control reached 80%. Field experiment conducted during 2010-2011 showed that the combined application of three strains had better effect than separate application; specifically, Verticillium wilt morbidity rate and disease index of cotton in boll-setting period with combined application of three strains in 2010 were 9.4% and 6.5, respectively, while those in control group were 47.5% and 32.8; results in 2011 were similar to 2010, with higher disease severity. These results indicate that com- bined application of endophytic bacteria at different growth stages has great applica- tion potential in control of cotton Verticillium wilt. [Conclusion] This study preliminarily overcomes the defects in the application of biocontrol bacteria and provided reference for the prevention and treatment of other soil-borne diseases.

Control Effects of Bacillus subtilis DJ-6 and Pyraclostrobin Alone and in Combination Against Fusarium oxysporum

[Objective] This study was conducted to screen a synergistic biological fungicide complex to control Fusarium wilt, reducing the use of chemical pesticides. [Method] The inhibitory effects of Bacil us subtilis DJ-6 and pyraclostrobin alone or in combination at five ratios against Fusarium oxysporum were detected by mea-suring mycelium growth rate in laboratory tests. The growth promotion and disease control effect of combined or single use of 20% pyraclostrobin and 2 ×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 WP at 1∶1 000, 1∶2 000 and 1∶3 000 dilutions were detected in field trials. [Result] The EC50 values of combined use of B. subtilis DJ-6 and pyra-clostrobin at ratios of 1∶1, 1∶2, 1∶3, 1∶4 and 1∶5 against F. oxysporum were 5.311 5, 4.008 6, 3.570 6, 3.350 9 and 3.218 9 μg/ml, with the synergistic ratios （SR） of 2.28, 1.77, 1.53, 1.64, 1.11, among which the synergetic effect at 1∶1 was the best. The fungicidal activity of pyraclostrobin was greater than that of B. subtilis DJ-6 in laboratory tests. Field trials revealed that al the 1∶1 000, 1∶2 000 and 1∶3 000 dilu-tions of 20% pyraclostrobin·2×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 WP in combination, 1∶1 000 dilution of 1 ×1012 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 WP and 1∶2 000 dilution of 250 g/L pyra-clostrobin EC promoted the growth of strawberry by increasing plant height, leaf petiole, leaf blade area and stem diameter. Among them, the treatments with 1∶1 000 and 1∶2 000 of 20% pyraclostrobin · 2×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 WP in combina-tion had better effects than other treatments. The control effects of al the treat-ments were measured 30 and 80 d after fungicide application. The control effects of 1∶1 000 dilution of 20% pyraclostrobin and 2×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 in combina-tion were up to 100% and 93.11%, which were higher than those in al other treat-ments. The second highest control effects were found in the treatment with 1∶ 2 000 dilution of 20% pyraclostrobin and 2×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 in combination, they were 92.49% and 86.49%, higher than those in other treatments except the 1∶1 000 dilution of 20% pyraclostrobin and 2 ×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 in combination. The control effects of 1∶3 000 dilution of 20% pyraclostrobin and 2×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 in combination were 82.61% and 72.42%, higher than those in treatment with 1∶1 000 dilution of 1×1012 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 WP, but lower than those in treat-ment with 1∶2 000 dilution of 25% pyraclostrobin EC. [Conclusion] Al the results re-vealed that the combination use of 20% pyraclostrobin and 2 ×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 WP at 1∶1 000 to 1∶2 000 dilution had better control effect against strawberry Fusarium wilt.

《广韵》训释勘误两则

对《广韵》"萎口"、"梃"的注释进行考证并作新的训释。

Molecular Marker Assisted Selection for Fusarium Wilt Resistance Breeding in Watermelon(Citrullus lanatus)

Molecular identification on diploid and tetraploid watermelon breeding lines which were resistant to Fusarium wilt was carried out with the published dCAPS marker ＂4451_fon＂ which was closely linked with resistance gene of Fusarium wilt race 1. The results showed that all the diploid and tetraploid lines expressed as re- sistant genotype, which were defined as Fusarium wilt-resistant materials. The re- sults were consistent with that of artificial inoculation identification. Molecular identifi- cation results also indicated that the resistant lines were homozygote, and the Fusarium wilt-resistant gene would not separate or lose during the future self- crossed purification. Therefore, resistance selection would not be necessary in their progeny populations. The study results thought that dCAPS marker ＂4451_fon＂ could be applied on molecular marker assisted selection for Fusarium wilt resistance breeding in watermelon to increase breeding selection efficiency and accelerate breeding progress.