In this paper, based on the DUS testing of new Lavandula spp., the differences and correlations of main phenotypic traits between Lavandula angustifolia and L. heterophylla were observed and analyzed. The results show...In this paper, based on the DUS testing of new Lavandula spp., the differences and correlations of main phenotypic traits between Lavandula angustifolia and L. heterophylla were observed and analyzed. The results showed that the plant morphological traits of L. angustifolia were better than that of L. heterophylla, moreover, L. angustifolia exhibited relatively high adaptive capacity to the environmental conditions in introduction areas of north China. For the inflorescence, the ornamental traits of L. heterophylla were totally superior to that of L. angustifolia, especially in flower color diversity. It had obvious differences in both quantitative traits and qualitative traits between the two species, and these traits remained relatively stable in the growth progress. The correlation coefficients among the traits of two species were high, and the trait matching numbers at the 1% significance level of L. angustifolia were slightly more than that of L. heterophylla.展开更多
Using surplus production model packages of ASPIC(a stock-production model incorporating covariates) and CEDA(Catch effort data analysis),we analyzed the catch and effort data of Sillago sihama fishery in Pakistan.ASPI...Using surplus production model packages of ASPIC(a stock-production model incorporating covariates) and CEDA(Catch effort data analysis),we analyzed the catch and effort data of Sillago sihama fishery in Pakistan.ASPIC estimates the pa-rameters of MSY(maximum sustainable yield),Fmsy(fishing mortality),q(catchability coefficient),K(carrying capacity or unexploited biomass) and B1/K(maximum sustainable yield over initial biomass).The estimated non-bootstrapped value of MSY based on logistic was 598 t and that based on the Fox model was 415 t,which showed that the Fox model estimation was more conservative than that with the logistic model.The R2 with the logistic model(0.702) is larger than that with the Fox model(0.541),which indicates a better fit.The coefficient of variation(cv) of the estimated MSY was about 0.3,except for a larger value 88.87 and a smaller value of 0.173.In contrast to the ASPIC results,the R2 with the Fox model(0.651-0.692) was larger than that with the Schaefer model(0.435-0.567),indicating a better fit.The key parameters of CEDA are:MSY,K,q,and r(intrinsic growth),and the three error assumptions in using the models are normal,log normal and gamma.Parameter estimates from the Schaefer and Pella-Tomlinson models were similar.The MSY estimations from the above two models were 398 t,549 t and 398 t for normal,log-normal and gamma error distributions,re-spectively.The MSY estimates from the Fox model were 381 t,366 t and 366 t for the above three error assumptions,respectively.The Fox model estimates were smaller than those for the Schaefer and the Pella-Tomlinson models.In the light of the MSY estimations of 415 t from ASPIC for the Fox model and 381 t from CEDA for the Fox model,MSY for S.sihama is about 400 t.As the catch in 2003 was 401 t,we would suggest the fishery should be kept at the current level.Production models used here depend on the assumption that CPUE(catch per unit effort) data used in the study can reliably quantify temporal variability in population abundance,hence the mod-eling results would be wrong if such an assumption is not met.Because the reliability of this CPUE data in indexing fish population abundance is unknown,we should be cautious with the interpretation and use of the derived population and management parameters.展开更多
Essential oils （EOs） from Rosemary, Rosmarinus officinalis （Lamiaceae）, Orange, Citrus sinensis （Rutaceae）, Lavandula, Lavandula angustifolia （Lamiaceae）, False Yellowhead, Dittrichia viscosa （Asteraceae） an...Essential oils （EOs） from Rosemary, Rosmarinus officinalis （Lamiaceae）, Orange, Citrus sinensis （Rutaceae）, Lavandula, Lavandula angustifolia （Lamiaceae）, False Yellowhead, Dittrichia viscosa （Asteraceae） and their major components were evaluated against root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita and Meloidogynejavanica. Second stage juveniles＇ （J2） paralysis and egg hatch inhibition were studied, while pulverized plant parts were tested for nematodes biological cycle arrest. All EOs paralyzed J2 and M. incognita were found more sensitive than M javanica with the EC50/4 days calculated at 250, 3,650 and 4,260 12g/mL for 1）. viscosa, L. angustifolia and R. officinalis, respectively. Similarly, all EOs inhibited nematodes egg hatch and D. viscosa exhibited the highest inhibition on egg hatch （100% inhibition at 5 μg/mL）. A significant influence of constituent terpenes （limonene, 1,8-cineole, linalool, camphor, L-borneol, caryophyllene oxide, β-eudesmol） dose and exposure time was indicated on egg hatch inhibition （56% to 100% at 500 μg/mL and 1,000 μg/mL）, while only β-eudesmol achieved paralysis of J2 and specifically against M. incognita （EC50/1d = 50μg/mL）. Interestingly, the most active botanical species arresting Meloidogyne spp. biological cycle in soil was C. sinensis （EC50 = 2 mg/g） and the most sensitive nematode species was M. javanica. The larvicidal and egg hatch inhibition activity holds promise towards the optimization of artificial terpene mixtures as novel and effective natural nematicides. Complex interactions of primary compounds and subsequent decomposition derivates compose efficacy profile of soil amendments.展开更多
The objective of this study was to test the essential oil-emitted flavor （volatile） of lavender by bacteria killing potency using Escherichia coli, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus （MRSA）, enterohemorrh...The objective of this study was to test the essential oil-emitted flavor （volatile） of lavender by bacteria killing potency using Escherichia coli, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus （MRSA）, enterohemorrhagic E. coli O157：H7, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. Antibacterial activity was assessed by creating of the bacterial growth curve in the liquid medium cultivation and the growth inhibition on the agar plate cultivation. Citronellal, one of compounds in Rosa rugose oil, was used as a positive control for comparison in activity. The results showed that lavender and citronellal flavor （volatile） or oil respectively demonstrated bacteria killing effect in both analytical manners. However, P. aeruginosa resisted bacteria killing potency of lavender （citronellal） oil or oil-emitted flavor. It could be concluded that both lavender oil-emitted flavor and oil showed bacteria killing potency. Lavender oil （or oil-emitted flavor） will be expected to apply for the patient waiting room to disinfect in air along with the mental relaxation of the patient.展开更多
Objective Alzheimer＇s disease（AD） is one of the most important neurodegenerative disorders.It is characterized by dementia including def icits in learning and memory.The present study aimed to evaluate the effects ...Objective Alzheimer＇s disease（AD） is one of the most important neurodegenerative disorders.It is characterized by dementia including def icits in learning and memory.The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of aqueous extract of lavender（Lavandula angustifolia） on spatial performance of AD rats.Methods Male Wistar rats were f irst divided into control and AD groups.Rat model of AD was established by intracerebroventricular injection of 10 ？g A？1-42 20 d prior to administration of the lavender extract.Rats in both groups were then introduced to 2 stages of task learning（with an interval of 20 d） in Morris water maze,each followed by one probe test.After the f irst stage of spatial learning,control and AD animals received different doses（50,100 and 200 mg/kg） of the lavender extract.Results In the first stage of experiment,the latency to locate the hidden platform in AD group was significantly higher than that in control group.However,in the second stage of experiment,control and AD rats that received distilled water（vehicle） showed similar performance,indicating that the maze navigation itself could improve the spatial learning of AD animals.Besides,in the second stage of experiment,control and AD rats that received lavender extract administration at different doses（50,100,and 200 mg/kg） spent less time locating the platform（except for the AD rats with 50 mg/kg extract treatment）,as compared with their counterparts with vehicle treatment,respectively.In addition,lavender extract significantly improved the performance of control and AD rats in the probe test,only at the dose of 200 mg/kg,as compared with their counterparts with vehicle treatment.Conclusion The lavender extract can effectively reverse spatial learning def icits in AD rats.展开更多
基金Supported by the Project of Technology Pilot Demonstration under Beijing Municipal Agricultural Commission(No.2023299039)the Project of Innovative Platform under Beijing Municipal Education Commission(No.PXM2014-014207-000018)~~
文摘In this paper, based on the DUS testing of new Lavandula spp., the differences and correlations of main phenotypic traits between Lavandula angustifolia and L. heterophylla were observed and analyzed. The results showed that the plant morphological traits of L. angustifolia were better than that of L. heterophylla, moreover, L. angustifolia exhibited relatively high adaptive capacity to the environmental conditions in introduction areas of north China. For the inflorescence, the ornamental traits of L. heterophylla were totally superior to that of L. angustifolia, especially in flower color diversity. It had obvious differences in both quantitative traits and qualitative traits between the two species, and these traits remained relatively stable in the growth progress. The correlation coefficients among the traits of two species were high, and the trait matching numbers at the 1% significance level of L. angustifolia were slightly more than that of L. heterophylla.
基金supported by the special research fund ofthe Ocean University of China(201022001)the Chinese Scholarship Council(CSC)
文摘Using surplus production model packages of ASPIC(a stock-production model incorporating covariates) and CEDA(Catch effort data analysis),we analyzed the catch and effort data of Sillago sihama fishery in Pakistan.ASPIC estimates the pa-rameters of MSY(maximum sustainable yield),Fmsy(fishing mortality),q(catchability coefficient),K(carrying capacity or unexploited biomass) and B1/K(maximum sustainable yield over initial biomass).The estimated non-bootstrapped value of MSY based on logistic was 598 t and that based on the Fox model was 415 t,which showed that the Fox model estimation was more conservative than that with the logistic model.The R2 with the logistic model(0.702) is larger than that with the Fox model(0.541),which indicates a better fit.The coefficient of variation(cv) of the estimated MSY was about 0.3,except for a larger value 88.87 and a smaller value of 0.173.In contrast to the ASPIC results,the R2 with the Fox model(0.651-0.692) was larger than that with the Schaefer model(0.435-0.567),indicating a better fit.The key parameters of CEDA are:MSY,K,q,and r(intrinsic growth),and the three error assumptions in using the models are normal,log normal and gamma.Parameter estimates from the Schaefer and Pella-Tomlinson models were similar.The MSY estimations from the above two models were 398 t,549 t and 398 t for normal,log-normal and gamma error distributions,re-spectively.The MSY estimates from the Fox model were 381 t,366 t and 366 t for the above three error assumptions,respectively.The Fox model estimates were smaller than those for the Schaefer and the Pella-Tomlinson models.In the light of the MSY estimations of 415 t from ASPIC for the Fox model and 381 t from CEDA for the Fox model,MSY for S.sihama is about 400 t.As the catch in 2003 was 401 t,we would suggest the fishery should be kept at the current level.Production models used here depend on the assumption that CPUE(catch per unit effort) data used in the study can reliably quantify temporal variability in population abundance,hence the mod-eling results would be wrong if such an assumption is not met.Because the reliability of this CPUE data in indexing fish population abundance is unknown,we should be cautious with the interpretation and use of the derived population and management parameters.
文摘Essential oils （EOs） from Rosemary, Rosmarinus officinalis （Lamiaceae）, Orange, Citrus sinensis （Rutaceae）, Lavandula, Lavandula angustifolia （Lamiaceae）, False Yellowhead, Dittrichia viscosa （Asteraceae） and their major components were evaluated against root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita and Meloidogynejavanica. Second stage juveniles＇ （J2） paralysis and egg hatch inhibition were studied, while pulverized plant parts were tested for nematodes biological cycle arrest. All EOs paralyzed J2 and M. incognita were found more sensitive than M javanica with the EC50/4 days calculated at 250, 3,650 and 4,260 12g/mL for 1）. viscosa, L. angustifolia and R. officinalis, respectively. Similarly, all EOs inhibited nematodes egg hatch and D. viscosa exhibited the highest inhibition on egg hatch （100% inhibition at 5 μg/mL）. A significant influence of constituent terpenes （limonene, 1,8-cineole, linalool, camphor, L-borneol, caryophyllene oxide, β-eudesmol） dose and exposure time was indicated on egg hatch inhibition （56% to 100% at 500 μg/mL and 1,000 μg/mL）, while only β-eudesmol achieved paralysis of J2 and specifically against M. incognita （EC50/1d = 50μg/mL）. Interestingly, the most active botanical species arresting Meloidogyne spp. biological cycle in soil was C. sinensis （EC50 = 2 mg/g） and the most sensitive nematode species was M. javanica. The larvicidal and egg hatch inhibition activity holds promise towards the optimization of artificial terpene mixtures as novel and effective natural nematicides. Complex interactions of primary compounds and subsequent decomposition derivates compose efficacy profile of soil amendments.
文摘The objective of this study was to test the essential oil-emitted flavor （volatile） of lavender by bacteria killing potency using Escherichia coli, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus （MRSA）, enterohemorrhagic E. coli O157：H7, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. Antibacterial activity was assessed by creating of the bacterial growth curve in the liquid medium cultivation and the growth inhibition on the agar plate cultivation. Citronellal, one of compounds in Rosa rugose oil, was used as a positive control for comparison in activity. The results showed that lavender and citronellal flavor （volatile） or oil respectively demonstrated bacteria killing effect in both analytical manners. However, P. aeruginosa resisted bacteria killing potency of lavender （citronellal） oil or oil-emitted flavor. It could be concluded that both lavender oil-emitted flavor and oil showed bacteria killing potency. Lavender oil （or oil-emitted flavor） will be expected to apply for the patient waiting room to disinfect in air along with the mental relaxation of the patient.
基金supported by Deputy of Research,Kashan University of Medical Sciences,Kashan,I.R. Iran (No. 8835)
文摘Objective Alzheimer＇s disease（AD） is one of the most important neurodegenerative disorders.It is characterized by dementia including def icits in learning and memory.The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of aqueous extract of lavender（Lavandula angustifolia） on spatial performance of AD rats.Methods Male Wistar rats were f irst divided into control and AD groups.Rat model of AD was established by intracerebroventricular injection of 10 ？g A？1-42 20 d prior to administration of the lavender extract.Rats in both groups were then introduced to 2 stages of task learning（with an interval of 20 d） in Morris water maze,each followed by one probe test.After the f irst stage of spatial learning,control and AD animals received different doses（50,100 and 200 mg/kg） of the lavender extract.Results In the first stage of experiment,the latency to locate the hidden platform in AD group was significantly higher than that in control group.However,in the second stage of experiment,control and AD rats that received distilled water（vehicle） showed similar performance,indicating that the maze navigation itself could improve the spatial learning of AD animals.Besides,in the second stage of experiment,control and AD rats that received lavender extract administration at different doses（50,100,and 200 mg/kg） spent less time locating the platform（except for the AD rats with 50 mg/kg extract treatment）,as compared with their counterparts with vehicle treatment,respectively.In addition,lavender extract significantly improved the performance of control and AD rats in the probe test,only at the dose of 200 mg/kg,as compared with their counterparts with vehicle treatment.Conclusion The lavender extract can effectively reverse spatial learning def icits in AD rats.
