政策配套下高校智库运转差异化探究

[目的/意义]高校智库的有效运转事关国家软实力提升、高校哲学社会科学转型,在理论上阐释其影响因素及机制具有重要意义。现有研究主要从外部智库政策推动和内生高校职能变迁给出回应,尚需探讨智库间运转差异化的作用因素及机理。[方法/过程]“国家–高校–智库”制度情境下,梳理多学科政策配套研究,结合智库政策文本分析,构建高校母体政策配套智库建设的分析框架,运用案例研究法,实然考察样本高校智库运转。[结果/结论]研究发现,高校母体政策配套策略不同,则智库运转模式有别。“特区”型是智库实体化结合专门政策支持,“并进”型是增加二级院系智库属性,“融入”型是将智库纳入学科建设范畴。为此,建议从主管部门优化政策供给、高校母体分类精准配套、高校智库强“库”赋“智”等方面提升高校智库运转效能。

Centrifugal and field studies on water infiltration characteristics below canals under wetting-drying-freezing-thawing cycles

Seepage is one of the main causes for the deformation and instability of canal slopes in Xinjiang,China.In this study,centrifugal model tests under wetting-drying(WD)and wetting-drying-freezing-thawing(WDFT)cycles were performed to investigate the water infiltration characteristics below a canal.The results show that the shallow soil of the canal models was fully saturated in the wetting process.Compared with the canal model under the WD cycles,the canal model under the WDFT cycles had larger saturated areas and a higher degree of saturation below the canal top after each cycle,indicating that the freezing-thawing(FT)process in the WDFT cycles promoted the water infiltration behavior below the canal slope.The cracks on the surface of the canal model under the cyclic action of WDFT developed further and had a higher connectivity,which provided the conditions for slope instability from a transverse tensile crack running through the canal top.On this basis,a field test was conducted to understand the water infiltration distribution below a typical canal in Xinjiang,China,which also verified the accuracy of the centrifugal results.This study provides a preliminary basis for the maintenance and seepage treatment of canals in Xinjiang,China.