音乐作品的视象性呈现——评陈丹布先生的管弦乐《袖剑与铜甲金戈》

2016年"中国—东盟音乐周"开幕式上,作曲家陈丹布先生的管弦乐《袖剑与铜甲金戈》格外引人注目。该作初创于20世纪90年代,由他本人为同名舞蹈剧创作,后又有琵琶独奏的版本。2015年陈丹布先生改写的管弦乐作品,其管弦乐版本的《袖剑与铜甲金戈》相较初版更具整体思维。音乐作品的视象化因素在浪漫主义音乐风格中演绎得最典型,通过配器的探索,表达作曲家对所表达的事物、事件进行形象的甚至是"视象性"的呈现,具有丰富的人文积淀和艺术视野,使作品更富内涵深度和维度。

从音义同构现象看中国古诗词“象”的可译性

"象"包括"声象"和"视象",是指读者通过语言文字或具体画面引发的一切联想意识和思维活动。中国古诗词中,"象"的运用很广泛。长期以来,中国古诗词中"象"的可译性问题一直备受翻译界关注。文章从音义同构现象出发,探讨中国古诗词"象"的可译性。研究发现:中国古诗词中"象"具有一定的可译性,且从翻译效果上看,"声象"和"视象"具有互通性。

A Study of Language Sexism from Linguistic Asymmetry

Sexism of language can be defined as prejudice or discrimination against people, especially women, showing in actual language use. This paper attempts to explore sexism in language system through examining various asymmetric phenomena in language forms, word meanings and address forms.

Estimation of Illuminant Direction and Albedo from Shading

Assuming uniform albedo and Lambertian surface for the imaging model, a new robust method for estimation of illuminant direction and albedo from shading is presented. If there is a singular point with maximum intensity in an image, the method use shading information of the singular point and its neighbors to estimate directly the elevation of illuminant direction, surface albedo, and the bias brightness. Some experiment results on synthetic images are given to illustrate the new approach is accurate and robust.

DETERMINATION OF UNKNOWN CAMERA PARAMETERS FOR THE PERSPECTIVE IMAGES

To obtain an accurate 3 D object configuration from images,the essential perspective characteristics must be considered. Several new inverse transformation relations of the perspective image lines are given. Utilizing the analytic transformation relations, an optimization procedure for obtaining the unknown camera parameters of images is presented in this paper. A 3 D reproduction method and examples are introduced.

Motion connectivity-based initial video object extraction

In order to obtain the initial video objects from the video sequences, an improved initial video object extraction algorithm based on motion connectivity is proposed. Moving objects in video sequences are highly connected and structured, which makes motion connectivity an advanced feature for segmentation. Accordingly, after sharp noise elimination, the cumulated difference image, which exhibits the coherent motion of the moving object, is adaptively thresholded. Then the maximal connected region is labeled, post-processed and output as the final segmenting mask. Hence the initial video object is effectively extracted. Comparative experimental results show that the proposed algorithm extracts the initial video object automatically, promptly and properly, thereby achieving satisfactory subjective and objective performance.

RESEARCH ON 3 D RANGE SENSOR SYSTEM

The structure of 3 D range sensor system for unmanned vehicle is introduced.Several key technologies are described in detail.The ultrasonic signal is processed from different angles.Image edges are extracted by the multiple scale method.Image noises are recognized and cleared by using multilayer forward neural network with fuzzy logic.The method of information fusion for multiple sensors is discussed.This paper also gives some ultrasonic signal curves and image results.

Visual object-oriented application for lane following on intelligent highway system

A visual object-oriented software for lane following on intelligent highway system (IHS) is proposed. According to object-oriented theory, 3 typical user services of self-check, transfer of human driving and automatic running and abnormal information input from the sensors are chosen out. In addition, the functions of real-time display, information exchanging interface, determination and operation interweaving in the 3 user services are separated into 5 object-oriented classes. Moreover, the 5 classes are organized in the visual development environment. At last, experimental result proves the validity and reliability of the control application.

Robot Tracking by Color Image

A method based on local HSV image and the shape of object to recognize object is proposed for robot tracking. After the color segment, the knowledge of the shape of objects is used to recognize objects. The robot tracking result testifies the avail-ability of the method.

Detection of text in images using SUSAN edge detector

Text embedded in images is one of many important cues for indexing and retrieval of images and videos. In the paper, we present a novel method of detecting text aligned either horizontally or vertically, in which a pyramid structure is used to represent an image and the features of the text are extracted using SUSAN edge detector. Text regions at each level of the pyramid are identified according to the autocorrelation analysis. New techniques are introduced to split the text regions into basic ones and merge them into text lines. By evaluating the method on a set of images, we obtain a very good performance of text detection.

An adaptive fuzzy filter for coding artifacts removal in video and image

This paper proposes a new adaptive post-filtering algorithm to remove coding artifacts in block-based video coder. The proposed method concentrates on blocking and ringing artifacts removal. For de-blocking, the blocking strength is identified to determine the filtering range, and the maximum quantization parameter of the image is used to adapt the 1D fuzzy filter. For de-ringing, besides the edge detection, a complementary ringing detection method is proposed to locate the neglected ringing blocks, and the gradient threshold is adopted to adjust the parameter of 2D fuzzy filter. Experiments are performed on the MPEG-4 sequences. Compared with other methods, the proposed one achieves better detail preservation and artifacts removal performance with lower computational cost.

Contrast enhancement in retinal image via multi-scale geometrical analysis

We present a new multi-scale geometrical analysis method for ophthalmic image contrast enhancement based on the contourlet transform. The contourlet transform has better performance in representing edges than wavelets due to its anisotropy and directionality,and is therefore well-suited for multiscale edge enhancement. We modify the contourlet coefficients in corresponding subband and take the noise into account for mere precise reconstruction and better visualization. We compare this approach with enhancement based on the ourvelet transform,and the traditional Histogram Stretching （HS）. Our findings are that contourlet based enhancement out-performs other enhancement methods on low contrast and dynamic range images,and can clearly identify the vessels and nerves in an ophthalmic image.

Source extension based on ε-entropy

It is known by entropy theory that image is a source correlated with a certain characteristic of probability. The entropy rate of the source and ε- entropy (rate-distortion function theory) are the information content to identify the characteristics of video images, and hence are essentially related with video image compression. They are fundamental theories of great significance to image compression, though impossible to be directly turned into a compression method. Based on the entropy theory and the image compression theory, by the application of the rate-distortion feature mathematical model and Lagrange multipliers to some theoretical problems in the H.264 standard, this paper presents a new the algorithm model of coding rate-distortion. This model is introduced into complete test on the capability of the test model of JM61e (JUT Test Model). The result shows that the speed of coding increases without significant reduction of the rate-distortion performance of the coder.

Imagery perspective among young athletes: Differentiation between external and internal visual imagery

Purpose： This study aimed to investigate the construct of external visual imagery （EVI） vs. internal visual imagery （IV/） by comparing the athletes＇ imagery ability with their levels of skill and types of sports. Methods： Seventy-two young athletes in open （n = 45） or closed （n = 27） sports and with different skill levels completed 2 custom-designed tasks. The EVI task involved the subject generating and visualizing the rotated images of different body parts, whereas the IVI task involved the subject visualizing himself or herself performing specific movements. Results： The significant Skill-Level x Sport Type interactions for the EVI task revealed that participants who specialized in open sports and had higher skill-levels had a higher accuracy rate as compared to the other subgroups. For the IVI task, the differences between the groups were less clear： those with higher skill-levels or open sports had a higher accuracy rate than those with lower skill-levels or closed sports. Conclusion： EVI involves the visualization of others and the environment, and would be relevant to higher skill-level athletes who engage in open sports. IVI, in contrast, tends to be more self-oriented and would be relevant for utilization by higher skill-level athletes regardless of sport type.

Research on video motion object segmentation for content-based application

With the development of the modern information society, more and more multimedia information is available. So the technology of multimedia processing is becoming the important task for the irrelevant area of scientist. Among of the multimedia, the visual informarion is more attractive due to its direct, vivid characteristic, but at the same rime the huge amount of video data causes many challenges if the video storage, processing and transmission.

Electrical process tomography: seeing “without eyes” inside stirred vessels

Body-scanning exploiting 3-D imaging has revolutionised diagnostics and treatment in medicine. Process engineers would like to be similarly able to image chemical process units in 3-D, but without the Lmulti-million price tag. UMIST and Leeds University have together, through the Virtual Centre for Industrial Process Tomography （http：//www.vcipt.org）, pioneered several electrical process tomography techniques and used them in a variety of applications. Illustrations are presented to show how electrical resistance tomography （ERT） has been developed for typical stirred vessels widely encountered in batch process manufacturing. The technique is potentially fast and inexpensive and capable of imaging both dynamic and pseudo-stationary processes. Examples from UMIST＇s two-tonne vessel will be presented for miscible tracer mixing, as well as gas-liquid and solid-liquid mixing.

An Object-Based Fast Motion Estimation Algorithm in MPEG-4

This paper presented an object-based fast motion estimation (ME) algorithm for object-based texture coding in moving picture experts group four (MPEG-4), which takes full advantage of the shape information of video object. Compared with the full search (FS) algorithm, the proposed algorithm can significantly speed the ME process. The speed of ME using the proposed algorithm is faster than that using new three-step search (NTSS), four-step search (4SS), diamond search (DS), and block-based gradient descent search (BBGDS) algorithms with similar motion compensation (MC) errors. The proposed algorithm can be combined with other fast ME algorithm to make the ME process faster.

Perspective and Subjectivity： The Power of Images in Northamerican Short-Story Writing

The study is meant to describe the evolution of American short-story writing with patterns where visual images have become central and not peripheral for the understanding of stories. Hemingway＇s use of objective correlatives was a trace mark, and the literary editors at The New Yorker urged their writers to slow down the emphasis on movement and plot in order to recreate a certain mood which would favour the perception of objects, anecdotes, and details. The impressionistic device works very much in the same way that an advertisement would do. It is meant to persuade the audience. The apparently non-commitant vision of reality shows in fact the author＇s point of view. The apparent simplicity is meant for a very wide audience and its deepest meaning suggests the scope of the particular visual aids working at the deepest level of consciousness

3D Urban Visualization with LOD Techniques

In 3D urban visualization, large data volumes related to buildings are a major factor that limits the delivery and browsing speed in a web-based computer system. This paper proposes a new approach based on the level of detail （LOD） technique advanced in 3D visualization in computer graphics. The key idea of LOD technique is to generalize details of object surfaces without losing details for delivery and displaying objects. This technique has been successfully used in visualizing one or a few multiple objects in films and other industries. However, applying the technique to 3D urban visualization requires an effective generalization method for urban buildings. Conventional two-dimensional （2D） generalization method at different scales provides a good generalization reference for 3D urban visualization, Yet, it is difficult to determine when and where to retrieve data for displaying buildings. To solve this problem, this paper defines an imaging scale point and image scale region for judging when and where to get the fight data for visualization. The results show that the average response time of view transformations is much decreased.

VIDEO OBJECT SEGMENTATION BY 2-D MESH-BASED MOTION ANALYSIS

Video object extraction is a key technology in content-based video coding.A novel video object extracting algorithm by two Dimensional (2-D) mesh-based motion analysis is proposed in this paper.Firstly,a 2-D mesh fitting the original frame image is obtained via feature detection algorithm. Then,higher order statistics motion analysis is applied on the 2-D mesh representation to get an initial motion detection mask.After post-processing,the final segmenting mask is quickly obtained.And hence the video object is effectively extracted.Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm combines the merits of mesh-based segmenting algorithms and pixel-based segmenting algorithms,and hereby achieves satisfactory subjective and objective performance while dramatically increasing the segmenting speed.