浅议《说文解字注》“言”部

《说文解字注》是清代学者段玉裁在《说文解字》的基础上编撰的一本注解类巨作,他发掘原作中的体例,清晰地解读出原本的内容,有着帮助后人理解原文、进一步学习研究的多种作用。本文旨在对《说文解字注》中的“言”部进行分析,从中了解该书的创作特点和价值,以期更好地阅读和使用《说文解字注》一书。

《说文》“言”部字群与古代汉民族的言语交际文化

汉字的形旁代表一个义类，“言”部汉字可以反映出古代汉民族的言语交际文化。本文就《说文》所收录的261个“言”部汉字进行归类，描写以交际主体、目的、态度、状态、方式、结果等为经络组成的古代汉民族言语交际系统，借此探讨古代汉民族言语交际文化的特质。

《原本玉篇残卷》言部中的相关文字现象

本文侧重于《原本玉篇残卷》言部中除古、籀文之外的其它文字现象,其中异体字数量最多,另外有通假字、古今字、传抄中的讹误字等,这些珍贵的文字材料对研究文字学,特别是对古文字的考释有不可忽视的作用。全文用不同时代的字书对这些文字现象进行初步探索,并上溯到甲骨文、金文。

Web-Based Interactive Simulation of Weft Knitted Fabric

In order to realize parametric simulation of three-dimensional(3D)fabric structure based on web,a 3D model describing a plain knitted fabric,in which the cross-section of the yarn is circular shape and the path of the yarn is cubic B-spline curve,is proposed in this paper.With this model,the 3D simulation of the loop and of the basic structures of the knitted fabric is realized by using Virtual Reality Modeling Language(VRML).The virtual simulation scene is suitable for network transmission with freely available VRML browsers and can be translated,scaled and rotated quite arbitrarily.By using Java and External Authoring Interface(EAI)technology,the web-based interactive simulation platform of weft knitted fabric is established.The user can input type of structures,basic fabric parameters,and yarn colors interactively to obtain a more realistic simulation result in real-time.A new approach is provided to imitate the knitted fabric 3D appearance on network.

Motor Compatibility Effect on the Comprehension of Complex Manual Action Sentences in L2:An ERP Study

Embodiment theories proposed that the comprehension of language involves sensory-motor simulation in the brain.The present study examined the brain response to motor compatibility effect in comprehending action-related linguistic materials for participants learning Chinese as a second language(L2).In this study,participants are required to read action-related sentences describing an agent performing two manual actions simultaneously or sequentially by manipulating temporal conjunctions.The sentences with simultaneous actions are marked by Chinese parallel structure一边……一边……(“while”)showing non-congruent motor condition while the sequential action sentences are marked by先……然后……(“after”)showing congruent motor condition.Event-Related Potentials(ERPs)were recorded with the second verb phrase.A larger fronto-central late positivity was observed for the sentences with simultaneous actions rather than the sentences with sequential actions due to body constraints,revealing that late L2 Chinese learners integrate embodied knowledge while processing action-related complex sentence despite demanding more cognitive resources,and longer processing time.

Content-based Instruction in Foreign Language Learning

Abstract. In recent years content-based instruction has become increasingly popular as a means of developing linguistic ability. It has strong connections to project work, task-based learning and a holistic approach to language instruction and has become particularly popular within the state school secondary （11 - 16 years old） education sector. This paper discusses about the definition, types, ways to create a CBI lesson, advantages and the problems of CBI, as well as the assessment of CBI.

The Analysis of Application and Problems in Bilingual Public Signs or Plates

Public ad is one of the components in the language construction with the using of language and words. The paper applies the social linguistic method, taking public ads in Beijing, Guangzhou, and Xinjiang as the study case. The result shows that standards of public ads are not varied. And there are many problems to be solved. First, the paper will have a review of the papers concerned with the topic. Secondly, the part is to talk about the functions of the signs, the classification of public ads, and the application of public ads. Thirdly, the paper is about the problems language application in the public and the analysis of the pubic ads. Lastly, it is the suggestion about the overall application of the bilingual language pubic signs--the English signs in cities in China.

Style and Body Language in the Moving Image

Audio visual style has a complex multi-functionality and the important part of this deals with the way that the character body is visualized and how body language is implemented in the moving image. With a number of examples of contemporary film and television, the article will line up of key issues of body language in the moving image. This article describes two important aspects of body language in visual media--how visual style mediates the body expressions of fictional character and real persons in news on television and how aspects of the visual style always represent bodily presence in the moving image.

Short Group Signatures with Efficient Concurrent Join

Group signature schemes are fundamental cryptographic tools. A group signature scheme allows members of a group to anonymously sign misuse, the anonymity messages. To counter can be revoked by the group manager. The group joining operation is a critical component of group signature scheme, the framing attack can be prevented by group joining processes. This paper presents an efficient group signature scheme with a simple joining protocol that is based on a ＂single message and signature response＂ interaction between the prospective user and the group manager. The security of our group signature is based on the Discrete Logarithm assumption and Decisional Linear Diffie- Hellman assumption. The formal security proof of our scheme is given in the random oracle model. Our scheme is also a very efficient short group signature scheme with efficient concurrent join.

The analysis on the teaching mode reform of the college English linguistics course

As an important communicative language, English has become an important part of college education in the process of the growing education reform, therefore, the college English linguistics course teaching mode reform is the inevitable trend of social development to a certain extent, it has the important influence on promoting the student＇ s ability improvement. This paper analyzes the main problems of the college English linguistics course teaching, conducts a comprehensive analysis of the reform ideas for the college English linguistics course teaching mode and puts forward the mode of the college English linguistics course teaching reform strategy to really improve the level of college English linguistics course teaching.

Application of Game Theory in Social Science

Game theory is a tool for making decision for all scientists which it can predict the future. So many times, not only in professional life but in private life game theory can help people to make best decision. What make this article different with other game theory article is that it has written for arts science which they are not so much fluent in maths. The object of this article is to demonstrate the possibilities of game theory as an instrument for study of social science. The approach used to describe elementary games theoretic models as an integral part of social science with a collection of example to understand subject better. This paper addresses to theoreticians and practitioners of social science not particularly versed in game theory, rather than to those who are fluent in its mathematical language and intricacies.

eacher Power： A Critical Discourse Perspective Department of Fine Arts,Chongqing University of Education

Power relation can be revealed in discourse. Teacher power, to a large extent, is manifested through teacher talk. This paper attempts to provide an analysis of classroom language from a critical discourse perspective as to uncover the power hidden in teacher talk and of how language contributes to teacher power.

Cultural Orientation Through Public Speaking Contests

Learning about culture is an integral part of learning a fbreign language. Participating in speech contests gives language learners a good opportunity to know more about the culture of the target language. Such contests allow students to learn how to write a speech for a particular audience, how to introduce a speaker, how to deliver a speech, and how to say ＂thank you＂ to the speaker. Participation in speech contests can promote insight and understanding through a comparison of American culture and the students＇ native culture. Such comparison is intended to promote better understanding of both cultures.

An Investigation of Lexical Causatives from a Cross- linguistic Perspective

This paper will make an investigation on the properties of lexical causatives from the cross-linguistic perspective. Specifically, we shall contrast the lexical causatives in English, Japanese and Chinese. We adopt Pylkk^inen＇s （2008） minimalist model as the framework. According to this model, the similarity of cross-linguistic causatives is attributed to the presence of the functional head vCAUSE. Variations of causatives in different languages can be attributed to two parameters： （i） whether vCAUSE obligatorily requires the presence of an external argument or not; （ii） the complement of vCAUSE is root-selecting, verb-selecting or phase-selecting. Causatives in languages can be ronghly divided into two types, namely the lexical causatives and the productive ones. As far as lexical causatives are concerned, languages can be classified into Voice-bundling vs. Non-Voice-bundling ones according to whether the presence of an external argument （i.e, causer or cause） is obligatorily required in lexical causatives or not. English is Voice-bundling and Japanese is Non-Voice-bundling. Chinese stands as the third type of languages which may be called semi-Voice-bnndling language since lexical unaccusative causatives in Chinese are Non-Voice-bundling while action-result-compounds unaccusatives （resultative unaccusatives） are Voice-bundling. Causative heads of lexical cat, satires in these three languages are all root-selecting.

Dynamics of Globalization： Linguistic and Cultural Perspectives in Nigeria

The word globalization and what it stands for is no longer new in the world of today. However, there is still no universal definition of globalization. This has led to erroneously or otherwise, the interchangeable use of the word with internationalization and liberalization. Suffice it therefore to say that globalization is the transcendence of the economic, political, environmental, social and cultural constraints across territories. The task of this paper is essentially to ascertain the level of involvement of Africa via Nigeria in this new international economic power and order. This is necessary because Nigeria particularly, has become a good consumer of information technology which is an essential ingredient of globalization. The issue then is how prepared are the Nigerian languages in the challenges of information technology as demanded by globalization. What are the implications of the order to Nigerian cultural revival and development？

A Contrastive Study of the Speech Act of Apologies An Empirical Study of Chinese Apologies Based on Face-Negotiation Theory

Based on some insights from face-negotiation theory and through discourse completion test （DCT）, analyzing the frequencies of apology choice and compared with the research results of the Cross-Cultural Speech Act Realization Project （CCSARP）, this paper addresses itself to exploration of the impact of face concept on pragmatic features of Chinese apologies and the dynamic relations between social parameters and the apologetic strategies. The data for this study are elicited from an open-ended DCT questionnaire and analysis of frequencies of apology strategies. The concept of Chinese face and understanding of the conflict as well as its processing mode of seeking harmony make Chinese apology behavior more concerned with the recovery of estrangement relationships, and the apology strategies are used for the purpose of compensating for the face losses of the offenders. An apology will transfer emotional information to each other, to shift the focus of the conflict, quell conflicts, and ease relationships. The parameters of power and social distance have impact on the choice tendency of Illocutionary Force Indicating Devices （IFID）, self-supportive, and other-supportive strategies.

Varieties of Igbo Dialect A Study of Some Communities in Old Aguata Local Government Area

The Igbo language has grown and developed to what is known as Standard Igbo （Igbo Izugbe） today. Series of efforts have gone into the modification and invention of words to ensure wider acceptability and intelligibility While this is a welcome idea, the tendency of the loss of communal identity in terms of the original local variety of the Igbo Language spoken by each community becomes very obvious. As Igbos can easily distinguish an Anambra man from an Imo man, it is also necessary that within Arlambra, one should be able to locate a particular town in the area through the spoken Igbo Language variety. This paper studies some of these local variants and advocates for a method of preserving such rich cultural heritage which are so valuable for posterity

Rhetoric and Meaning in Poetry： The Case of Zambia

This paper aims at showing how rhetoric and meaning in Zambian poetry interact. The work analyses the definition of poetry and gives the understanding that poetry is an artistic use of language that employs figurative language for maximum effect. The work also analyses rhetoric and concludes that the sole aim of rhetoric is to persuade the audience. The use of this rhetoric is later identified as a preoccupation of most poets. After studying a number of rhetorical devices used in poetry, the work has studied selected Zambian poems and focussed on the use of rhyme and alliteration in the poems. It has been shown that there is much use of rhyme but with limited use of alliteration. In both cases, the use is not so much to the contribution to the meaning in the poetry. The poets usually use these devices for the sake of beauty and not meaning. The paper therefore suggests that poets could undergo some formal training in composition while the art is also taught to the young while in their early years in schools.

Language Endangerment： An Overview of the Ethnolinguistic Vitality of Some Cameroonian Languages

The nation of Cameroon practices Exoglossic Bilingualism whereby, French and English are used as official languages instituted by the constitution of Cameroon. Alongside the official languages are about 284 minority languages with unequal vitality. The official languages together with a lingua franca Pidgin English and a few indigenous languages which have gained regional recognition exert great pressure on some of the indigenous minority languages, endangering them and leaving some almost at the verge of extinction if the situation is not reversed. Endeavours at assessing the language vitality situation reveal that Ngwo and Marjkur （generally known as mankon） spoken in the North West, Nweh in the South West, and Ngomba in the West regions of Cameron face such pressure and are each relatively endangered. Various strategies worthwhile to overcome language endangerment have been considered.