TiO2/Cu-Cu2O复合粒子的可见光催化活性及“记忆”效应

黑暗条件下具有催化活性的材料可实现污染物的昼夜连续处理,通过溶剂热法制备Cu-Cu2O颗粒,再将Cu-Cu2O颗粒与TiO2溶胶通过溶剂热法制备了TiO2/Cu-Cu2O复合光催化剂.结果表明,TiO2有效提高了Cu-Cu2O的光催化活性,随之TiO2含量的增加,光催化活性先增强后降低.当TiO2约为5%时,可见光照射30min后,其对甲基橙(MO)溶液的降解率高达93.7%;可见光预照5 h后,TiO2/Cu-Cu2O在黑暗中对MO的去除率比未预光照的样品在黑暗中对MO的去除率提高了约28%,说明TiO2/Cu-Cu2O具有光催化“记忆”效应.

金属所光催化“记忆”效应研究获进展

中国科学院金属研究所沈阳材料科学国家实验室研究员李琦及其团队在高效可见光光催化材料研究的基础上提出通过一种光催化“记忆”效应储存其在光照条件下产生的高能光生电子，

苏05井数字化水位雨荷效应的处理与改正

根据苏05井水位受降雨影响具有滞后"记忆"效应的特点,利用褶积滤波方法,对苏05井水位的雨荷效应进行处理和改正。处理结果表明,井水位与固体潮理论值的相关系数由处理前的0 241上升为改正后的0 651,达到未受降雨影响的水平,因此对于受降雨影响严重的井孔水位进行降雨量的改正是有效而又极其必要的。

黄河下游平滩河槽形态与水沙搭配之关系

概括总结了对黄河下游断面几何特征与水沙关系(断面河相关系)的研究现状,基于'记忆'效应提出了几何特征与前期水沙的公式,利用1969～1996年水沙资料以及1973～1996年花园口～利津河段统测断面资料进行了统计分析,建立了花园口～高村、高村～艾山、艾山～利津河段平滩几何特征与前期水沙参数的(沿程河相)关系,认为各河段断面平滩几何特征与前期(前4年)水沙搭配条件有关,前期冲淤对断面形态的影响可以通过水沙搭配来反映,边界条件对断面形态的影响可以通过水沙参数的指数来反映.

Bi/Cu-Cu_(2)O复合粒子的光催化性能研究

黑暗条件下具有催化活性的材料可实现污染物的昼夜连续处理,本文通过氧化还原法制备了Bi/Cu-Cu_(2)O复合光催化剂.结果表明,Bi单质有效提高了Cu-Cu_(2)O的光催化活性,随着Bi含量的增加,光催化活性先增强后降低.当Bi约为6%时,可见光照射90 min后,其对甲基橙(MO)溶液的降解率高达88.3%;可见光预照5 h后,Bi/Cu-Cu_(2)O在黑暗中对MO的去除率比未预光照的样品对MO的去除率提高了约39.2%,说明Bi/Cu-Cu_(2)O在光照熄灭后依然保持催化活性,具有良好的光催化“记忆”效应.

Mechanical behavior of red sandstone under cyclic point loading

The mechanical properties of red sandstone subjected to cyclic point loading were investigated. Tests were conducted using MTS servohydraulic landmark test system, under cyclic loadings with constant amplitudes and increasing multi-level amplitudes. The frequencies range from 0.1 to 5 Hz and lower limit load ratios range from 0 to 0.60. Laboratory investigations were performed to find the effect of the frequency and the lower limit load ratio on the fatigue life and hysteresis properties of sandstone. The results show that the fatigue life of sandstone decreases first and then increases with the increase of frequency and lower limit load ratio. Under the same cycle number, the spacing between hysteresis loops increases with rising frequency and decreasing lower limit load ratio. The existence of “training” and “memory” effects in red sandstone under cyclic point loading was proved.

Ni_(56)Mn_(25-x)Cr_xGa_(19)(x=0,2,4,6) high temperature shape memory alloys

The microstructure,martensitic transformation behavior,mechanical and shape memory properties of Ni56Mn25-xCrxGa19（x=0,2,4,6） alloys were investigated.Single phase of martensite with tetragonal structure is present for x=0,and dual-phase containing martensite and γ phase is observed for x≥2.The martensitic transformation peak temperatures decrease monotonically from 401 ℃ for x=0 to 197 ℃ for x=6.The introduction of γ phase by Cr addition is proved to be effective in improving the workability and ductility.The tensile stress and strain are 497 MPa and 8 % for x=4,and 454 MPa and 5.5 % for x=6,respectively.The shape memory strain values are 2.7 % under a residual strain of 4.5 % for x=4,and 1.9 % under a residual strain of 3.5 % for x=6,respectively.

Microstructure,mechanical and shape memory properties of Ti-55Ta-xSi biomedical alloys

The effects of Si addition on microstructures, mechanical and shape memory properties of Ti-55Ta biomedical alloy were investigated. The results show that the microstructures consist of mainly α′′ martensite and a little β phase, and the grain size decreases obviously with increasing Si addition. When x = 0.2, small （Ti, Ta）3Si precipitates are formed at grain boundaries. With further increasing Si content, the amount of the precipitates gradually increases. The tensile and yield strength of Ti-55Ta-xSi alloys gradually increase with increasing Si addition, whereas elongation decreases. Ti-55Ta-0.1Si alloy exhibits the lowest elastic modulus and the best shape memory recoverable strain. It is revealed that the refinement of grain and the precipitation of （Ti, Ta）3Si phase are responsible to the changes of their mechanical and shape memory properties.

Step memory polynomial predistorter for power amplifiers with memory

To reduce the number of digital predistortion coefficients, a step memory polynomial （SMP）predistorter is presented. The number of predistortion coefficients is decreased by adjusting the maximum nonlinear order for different memory orders in the traditional memory polynomial （MP）predistorter. The proposed SNIP predistorter is identified by an offline learning structure on which the coefficients can be extracted directly from the sampled input and output of a PA. Simulation results show that the SMP predistorter is not tied to a particular PA model and is, therefore, robust. The effectiveness of the SMP predistorter is demonstrated by simulations and experiments on an MP model, a parallel Wiener model, a Wiener-Hammerstein model, a sparsedelay memory polynomial model and a real PA which is fabricated based on the Freescale LDMOSFET MRF21030. Compared with the traditional MP predistorter, the SMP predistorter can reduce the number of coefficients by 60%.

Influence of recovery heating rate on shape memory effect in up-quenched Cu-Al-Mn alloy

The effect of recovery heating rate on shape memory effect of the up-quenched Cu-8.88Al-10.27Mn（mass fraction, %） alloy was investigated by optical microscopy, electron transmission microscopy（TEM） and electrical resistivity measurement. It is found that the shape recovery rate decreases as the heating rate decreases. It can reach 75% when the heating rate is 20 ℃/min, while it is only 8% when the heating rate is 1 ℃/min. In situ microstructure observation indicates that the dependence of shape memory effect on recovery heating rate is caused by the stabilization of twinned martensite induced by deformation. The analysis of electrical resistivity shows that the stabilization of twinned martensite may be ascribed to formation of compound defects of vacancies and dislocations at the boundaries of twinned martensite during the slow heating. The compound defects prevent the reverse transformation of twinned martensite.

辐射交联热收缩材料

辐射交联热收缩材料为当前发展最快的新材料。它采用聚烯烃等多扣高分子材料，用高能辐射加工而成，使其高分了形成网状结构，具有“记忆”效应。

PLC在镍镉电池充电系统中的应用

长期以来，大容量镍镉电池以放电电流大、使用寿命长等优点在军队、铁路、电力、石油等领域占有举足轻重的地位。但是，镍镉电池也有着明显的缺点，就是存在“记忆”效应。

Role of thermal martensite in shape memory effect of CoAl and CoNi alloys

To address the role of the HCP martensite in CoAl and CoNi shape memory alloys, the relationship between the shape memory effect （SME） and the content of the thermal and stress-induced HCP martensite was investigated in the solution-treated CoAl and CoNi alloys. In-situ optical observations were employed to investigate the contents of thermal HCP martensite before and after deep cooling and its influence on the stress-induced HCP martensite transformation and SME. The results show that the SME in both the CoAl and the CoNi alloys results from the stress-induced HCP martensite. The role of the thermal HCP martensite in both of them is the strengthening of the matrix. The much higher yield strength in the solution-treated CoAl alloy due to solution strengthening of Al is responsible for its better SME compared with the CoNi alloy.

Microstructural,mechanical and shape memory characterizations of Ti-Mo-Sn alloys

As a β stabilizing element in Ti-based alloys,the effect of Mo on phase constitution,microstructure,mechanical and shape memory properties was investigated.Different compositions of Ti-xMo-3Sn alloys(where x=2,4,6,at.%) were prepared by arc melting.A binary composition of Ti-6 Mo alloy was also prepared for comparison.Ti-xMo-3Sn alloys show low hardness and high ductility with 90% reduction in thickness while Ti-6 Mo alloy shows high hardness,brittle behavior,and poor ductility.Field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM) reveals round morphology of athermal ω(ωath) precipitates.The presence of ωath phase is also confirmed by X-ray diffraction(XRD)in both as-cast and solution-treated and quenched conditions.The optical microscopy(OM) and FESEM show that the amount of martensite forming during quenching decreases with an increase in Mo content,which is also due to β→ω transformation.The hardness trends reinforce the presence of ωath too.The shape memory effect(SME) of 9% is the highest for Ti-6 Mo-3Sn alloy.The SME is trivial due to ωath phase formation;however,the increase in SME is observed with an increase in Mo content,which is due to the reverse transformation from ωath and the stress-induced martensitic transformation.In addition,a new and very simple method was designed and used for shape memory effect measurement.

Correlation of microstructural and corrosion characteristics of quaternary shape memory alloys Cu-Al-Ni-X(X=Mn or Ti)

The effects of different contents(0.4%, 0.7%, and 1.0%, mass fraction) of Mn or Ti additions on the micro structure, shape memory effect and the corrosion behaviour of Cu-Al-Ni shape memory alloys were studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry and electrochemical and immersion tests in NaCl solution. It was observed that the microstructure, shape memory effect and corrosion characteristics are highly sensitive to the composition variations. It was found that the highest strain recovery was with 0.7% addition of Mn or Ti. This may be attributed to the presence of precipitation with a high volume fraction and the grain refinement. The electrochemical test showed that the formation of oxide layers in both Cu-Al-Ni-Mn and Cu-Al-Ni-Ti shape memory alloys(SMAs) provided good passivation which enhanced the corrosion resistance of the alloys. Immersion test showed that in Cu-Al-Ni-Mn SMAs, pitting corrosion occurred through feebleness in the oxide layer. A corrosion product adjacent to the pits was rich in Al/Mn oxide and depleted in Cu while inside of the pit it was rich in Cu. In Cu-Al-Ni-Ti SMAs, localized corrosion occurred on the surface of the specimens and dealuminization attack was also observed in the matrix.

Dynamics of Quantum Entanglement in Reservoir with Memory Effects

The non-Markovian dynamics of quantum entanglement is studied by the Shabani-Lidar master equation when one of entangled quantum systems is coupled to a local reservoir with memory effects.The completely positive reduced dynamical map can be constructed in the Kraus representation.Quantum entanglement decays more slowly in the non-Markovian environment.The decoherence time for quantum entanglement can be markedly increased with the change of the memory kernel.It is found out that the entanglement sudden death between quantum systems and entanglement sudden birth between the system and reservoir occur at different instants.

A nonlinear hydroelastic method considering wave memory effect for ship load responses in irregular waves

Since the amplitude and frequency of irregular waves change with time,great difficulties are brought for solving ship load responses in random waves.To take the effect of various frequencies of irregular waves into consideration in load responses of hull,the wave memory effect is necessary.A semi-analytical method is introduced for the time-domain retardation functions,and then a nonlinear hydroelastic method considering memory effect for ships in irregular waves is proposed.Segmented self-propelling model experiments of a container ship were carried out in a towing tank,a ship motion measuring device for self-propelling model test was designed.Whipping responses of the ship in regular and irregular waves are analyzed.Finally,the calculation results are compared with those measured by segmented model experiments,and the result indicates that the memory effect has little effect on load responses of ship in regular waves,but pronounced effect on results in irregular waves.Moreover,the presented method is reasonable for the prediction of ship load responses in irregular waves.

Property of Quantum Correlations with Correlated Noise

We analyze the classical and quantum correlation properties of the standard and so-called quasiclassical depolarizing channel with correlated noise and non-Markovian dephasing channel, specifically we use the quantum discord, entanglement, and measurement-induced disturbance （MID） to measure the quantum correlations. For the depolarizing channel, we find that the memory effect has more influence on the MID and quantum discord than entanglement. For the dephasing channel, we show that the non-Markovian dephasing channel is more robust than Markovian dephasing channel against deeoherence. We also find that at first MID and quantum discord take different values, and then after a specific time they will take almost the same value and both decay monotonically in the same way.