Application of the Blown-Ups Principle to Thunderstorm Forecast

Discontinuous and long-duration thunderstorm weather, which occurred at Guanghan in Sichuan Province, was analyzed and predicted using structural conversion of irregular information in phase-space from self-recording “time sequence” records for predicting rain areas, as described in the “Non Destructive Information” method proposed by Professor OuYang Shoucheng. The results show that this method can reveal important changes of weather as well as, by using irregular self-recording information recorded every ten minutes, predict local thunderstorms with durations of only half an hour, and even predict intense convections 12 hours in advance. This is significant for civil and military aviation. It shows the necessity of full utilization of information from automatic weather stations and the necessity of improvements in recording modes in current automatic stations.

代数式的“读”与“写”

小学时学过用字母表示数的简单例子,进入初中后,将更深入地探讨含有字母的式子.用字母表示数,是从算术向代数过渡的关键.它可以把一般的数量或具有普遍意义的数量关系正确、简明地表达出来,使计算或问题研究更方便.

The Role of Non-verbal Behavior of Teachers in Providing Students Corrective Feedback and Their Consequences

Considering the primary focus of corrective feedback literature on verbal-correction provided by teachers and lack of attention to the role of other forms of corrective feedback in FL （foreign language） classroom interaction, this paper demonstrates how essential teachers＇ non-verbal communication and stance display are in making students＇ errors noticeable for them by providing samples from videotaped data. The findings in this study provide insights into the use of non-verbal behavior in providing students with corrective feedback. This study shows that research dealing only with verbal corrections provided by FL teachers cannot fully define the classroom interaction in terms of teachers＇ use of error correction techniques and student notification and uptake.

A study on pragmatic failure in cross-cultural communication

Through analyzing and comparing the anecdotes of pragmatic failure in cross-cultural communication from the aspects of lexicon, syntax and discourse, some pragmatic strategies are suggested in intercultural communication. To improve learners＇ cultural awareness and communicative competence, a cultural-linguistic approach in foreign language teaching should be adopted.

A generic analysis of English Research Article abstracts and the use of modal verbs for financial economics

This paper is a generic study of schematic structures and the use of modal verbs of 50 English Research Article （RA） abstracts. With Bhatia＇s （1990） model as the framework, three other move patterns were obtained besides the normal move order. The density of modal verbs varies greatly from move to move with significant differences in the frequency of occurrence in different moves. The use of modal verbs is much more move-determined than discipline-determined.

An Analysis of Errors in College English Writing in China

This paper first explores the importance and significance of college English writing in China, then the current problems and the main reasons in teaching Chinese college students. The author classifies the main errors that Chinese college students always commit in detail, gives the analysis of errors referring to the error analysis theory, puts forward the principles and methods that both Chinese teachers and Chinese college students can use, finally talks about the analytical significance and how to improve Chinese college students＇ writing abilities.

Teaching English to students of science and technology

The teaching of English for Science and Technology （EST） is generally regarded as one of the most significant developments in English language pedagogy in recent years. EST is concerned with meeting the specific language needs of learners in various scientific and technological fields. These needs should be taken into consideration when planning and implementing English language courses or specialized courses to students of science and technology. This research is an attempt to investigate some of the problems involved in the teaching and learning of EST and suggest possible solutions. The research will focus on the reading comprehension of scientific and technical texts written in English, the teaching and learning of functional grammar, and the teaching and learning of lexis. These are regarded as some of the most important skills and sub-skills to be acquired by the students of science and technology to help them gain scientific information in English and reach a satisfactory level of achievement in their academic studies. The contention here is that it is in need to adopt a new set of assumptions and criteria specifically relevant to EST instead of employing those of General-English courses being used in the foundation and non-foundation years. This is in line with the basic premise of ESP （English for Special Purpose） and foundation courses which are supposed to prepare students for longer and more difficult tasks in their relevant fields of study. It is hoped that the findings of this research paper will be fruitful and relevant to other ESP courses in addition to those of EST.

Traditional and Computer-Based Evaluation of Preschoolers＇ Oral Language in Greek A Review of the Literature

The purpose of this study is to examine and present the procedures and the tools that are described in the literature for observing preschool children＇s communication competence. Informal and formal standardised testing activities are included and a distinction is made on traditional and computer-based screening and diagnosis. The results of study illustrate the current trends of the literature and discuss the possibility of the computer-based screening and diagnosis to partially make up for the expert-personnel shortage

Learner Autonomy via Self-Assessment in Consecutive Interpreting for Novice Learners in a Non-Interpreting Environment

This paper discusses the implementation of self-assessment in consecutive interpreting among novice learners in a non-interpreting environment specifically referring to the interpreting courses offered at USM （Universiti Sains Malaysia）, being the only bachelor＇s degree programme in Translation and Interpreting in Malaysia, and the learners＇ perception on this mode of assessment with the goal of fostering learner autonomy among them. Such implementation was made possible with the shift from analogue technology to digital technology, the deployment of e-learning in the course instruction, and the shift from teacher-centred learning approach to student-centred learning approach in line with the university＇s APEX （Accelerated Programme for Excellence） transformation plan. Findings show a high acceptance level of self-assessment among novice learners of interpreting

＂Flipped Class Mode＂ Applied to Reading and Writing Class With WeChat APP

With the development of computer, technology way of language teaching has experienced great changes. In the past, the methods of language teaching mainly focus on the direct method, the grammar-translation, audio-lingual, the structure approach, communicative language teaching, community language learning, task-based language learning, etc. These methods start and develop with the need and application of some theories. At the present time, the computer is widely used in every field and the Internet is compulsory of daily life, especially more and more students use the WeChat APP. So the way of teaching language is changing accordingly. This paper is to analyze the new way of language teaching, the flipped class model, and how it is used with WeChat APP. The first part is the general introduction of the flipped class model, the second part is the application of the flipped class model to reading and writing classes, and the third part is the use of WeChat APP in the cell phone.

On the three-layer passage reading method in English extensive reading

This paper raises, for the first time, with a model reading passage, a three-layer passage reading method （3LPRM in brief ） in English reading： reading beyond paragraphs; reading within paragraphs and sentences, and reading with coherences of words and expressions. The paper illustrates the definition, contents, characteristics and application of the method which is easy to master and apply. The paper aims at supplying readers especially beginners of E/S/FL （English as second/foreign language） with a practical passage reading method so as to improve their reading efficiency. The paper has some practical significance and directing value.

An interpretation of alienation theme in J. D. Salinger＇s The catcher in the rye and Nine stories

J. D. Salinger is an alienated writer, who alienates himself from the dominant society. He is unsocial in character and unconventional in behavior. His reclusion can be regarded as the behavioral presentation of his alienation. Salinger also portrays many alienated characters in his The catcher in the rye and Nine stories. These alienated characters include children, adolescents and adults. They alienate themselves from dominant social culture, groups and even themselves. According to the analysis of these alienated protagonists from autobiographical and historical perspectives, the root of their alienation lies in the conflict between their searching for the ideal love and the absence of such love in the dominant society. So comparing with enjoying substantial life, Salinger＇s works can arouse people＇s interest and give more concern to their spiritual life.

The effects of text structure, structure awareness and proficiency level on EFL learners＇ reading test performance

The present study probed into the effects of text structure, structure awareness and proficiency level on EFL learners＇ reading test performance. There are 112 college-level students participated in the experiment and their English proficiency belonged to distinct levels. The subjects＇ performance on the recall of two passages written in different types of structure was examined. Results of statistical indicate that text structure, structure awareness and proficiency level all have main effects on the subjects＇ reading performance. More specifically, two major findings emerged from the results of the investigation. One the one hand, text structures significantly affected the quantity but not the quality of the information recalled while proficiency level and structure awareness had significant impact on both the quantity and quality of information recalled. On the other hand, structure awareness was irrelevant to either text structure or proficiency level. The implications of the findings for teaching L2/FL reading were suggested.

The Effect of Learning Strategies on Reading Comprehension

Learning strategies are usually regarded as one of the aspects of the cognitive psychology and reading is a cognitive process in which the reader engages in a conversation with the text or the author. Then is there any relationship between learning strategies and reading comprehension？ To explore this, an experimental study is conducted in this paper. The conclusion is thereafter reached that reading comprehension is closely related to and greatly affected by learning strategies, especially cognitive and metacognitive strategies.

Machine-learning-aided precise prediction of deletions with next-generation sequencing

When detecting deletions in complex human genomes,split-read approaches using short reads generated with next-generation sequencing still face the challenge that either false discovery rate is high,or sensitivity is low.To address the problem,an integrated strategy is proposed.It organically combines the fundamental theories of the three mainstream methods(read-pair approaches,split-read technologies and read-depth analysis) with modern machine learning algorithms,using the recipe of feature extraction as a bridge.Compared with the state-of-art split-read methods for deletion detection in both low and high sequence coverage,the machine-learning-aided strategy shows great ability in intelligently balancing sensitivity and false discovery rate and getting a both more sensitive and more precise call set at single-base-pair resolution.Thus,users do not need to rely on former experience to make an unnecessary trade-off beforehand and adjust parameters over and over again any more.It should be noted that modern machine learning models can play an important role in the field of structural variation prediction.

Rediscovering recitation

Recitation is a traditional and still popular learning method in Chinese language learning. While some foreign scholars abroad strongly opposed it applying to the foreign language learning because they thought it not helpful. This paper rediscovers recitation through clearing misunderstandings of the recitation; points out that recitation has pedagogical, management benefits and gives some suggestions on how to do recitation. This paper also implies that with the application of modern teaching theory and teaching aid, the traditional language teaching method should not be totally abandoned.

L2 Syntactic Alignment in the Reading-Writing Integrated Continuation Task: Evidence From Chinese EFL Learners’ Description of Motion Events

This study investigated how the mode in which the reading-writing integrated continuation task was conducted modulates the effects of second language(L2) syntactic alignment, through the English motion event construction with manner verbs. Ninety Chinese students were assigned to either of the two experimental groups or a control group, and they all experienced a pretest, an alignment phase and a posttest. In the alignment phase, the two experimental groups completed a reading-writing integrated continuation task but in different modes. For the multi-turn mode,participants reconstructed a picture story by continuing the episodes extracted from the story with one episode presented and continued at a time;for the single-turn mode, the first half of the same picture story was presented as a chunk, and then participants read and continued it. Results show that L2 learners aligned with the target structure in completing the story, and the alignment effect was retained in the posttest conducted after a delay of two weeks. Moreover, syntactic alignment was modulated by task mode with the multi-turn group exhibiting stronger immediate and longterm alignment effects. We conclude that the continuation task is a fruitful context for L2 structural alignment, and the magnitude of alignment effect hinges on interactive intensity.

An Utilitarianist Reading of Criminal Law

Utilitarianism is the branch of philosophy that studies the usefulness of an idea. Among the possible gains and losses, the balance must be positive to reach the intended utility. Criminal law is the most repressive branch of legal system and therefore should be applied sparingly by the state. Its usefulness should be the protection of legal interests and minimal restriction of personal liberty. The lawmaker should seek the best way to achieve this utility with the choice of the most relevant legal interests and less repressive means before appealing to the criminal law. The legal interests protected by criminal law must be the most important ones for a social life in harmony and prohibited behaviors must be injurious or dangerous to those legal interests. The Rule of Law does not authorize criminal prohibitions without a minimum limit that allows citizens to behave according to their wishes, provided that does not harm the interests of other people. This is the calculation that legislator, judge, and interpreter should seek： more protection and less restriction to citizens.

Exploring summarizing： A case study

As a useful kind of writing, summarizing, aiming at improving students＇ ability to input information （reading） and output information （writing）, and should be emphasized at the advanced writing level, especially when postgraduates further their English studies. In order to have a deep understanding of the status quo of postgraduates＇ ability to summarize, this paper collected some data from the writing assignment and tried to give a detailed analysis of the problems, reasons and put forward some solutions.

Decadence and Mass Culture： The Novel as a Panorama. The Case of Bruges-La-Morte

Today＇s idea of the so-called fin-de-sibcle is still somewhat inexact and incomplete. This lack of precision originates from a deeply rooted methodological approach which consists of considering the respective developments of literature, art, and science in isolation, without paying attention to any interference or reciprocal contamination. This defective method also affects the overlaps and contacts between high culture and popular culture. Despite the progress made over recent years, there are few researchers who approach their objective with a real awareness of the complexity of a time period which saw the appearance of mass culture in the current sense and an unprecedented boom in scientific and technological development.1 To this end, the example of the great German philosopher Walter Benjamin and his studies on Paris during the 19th century----collected in the essays on the great French poet Charles Baudelaire and especially in the monumental and unfinished work The Arcades Project--is, without doubt, a model to follow. Taking the path suggested by Benjamin, this article sets out a revision of the novel Bruges-la-Morte （1892） by the Belgian writer Georges Rodenbach, considered one of the major exponents of thefin-de-sikcle decadence, which goes beyond the usual approach of a symbolist reading, by paying special attention to the frictions between literature and technology on one hand, and between literature and popular entertainment on the other.