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关于马恩唯物史观的“龙种”和“跳蚤”关系的几个问题——重读《德意志意识形态》
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作者 冯景源 《东南学术》 CSSCI 北大核心 2014年第2期4-14,246,共11页
马克思主义中国化问题,是我国近年来马克思主义理论研究深化的一个重要表现。但是,这里仍有两个问题需要进一步搞清楚:一、马克思主义的内涵到底是什么?二、这个中国化是怎么化的。这两个问题联系起来包含着两个方面:前一个方面,这个主... 马克思主义中国化问题,是我国近年来马克思主义理论研究深化的一个重要表现。但是,这里仍有两个问题需要进一步搞清楚:一、马克思主义的内涵到底是什么?二、这个中国化是怎么化的。这两个问题联系起来包含着两个方面:前一个方面,这个主义指的是理论,即唯物史观;后者,这个化,指的是一个过程,即理论联系实际。作为过程,它指的是对唯物史观理论的理解和运用的正确和错误的状况。在马克思恩格斯那里,唯物史观是一种科学的历史观,他们称之为"龙种",一切不科学的历史观,他们称之为"跳蚤";在实际运用中,凡是正确理解和运用的,他们称之为"龙种",凡是不科学的理解和运用的,他们称之为"跳蚤"。 展开更多
关键词 马克思主义 唯物史观 “龙种”和“跳蚤” 理论联系实际
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“跳蚤”试题解法探讨
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作者 王来元 《数理化解题研究(高中版)》 2006年第9期36-36,37,共2页
2005年普通高考理科综合能力测试题(全国卷一)第23题,是一道以被誉为动物界“跳高冠军”的跳蚤为背景的考题,试题立意新颖,切近生活,突出了能力的考查;使考生在自已既熟悉、又感兴趣的题设背景中接受综合能力的测试,体现了命题... 2005年普通高考理科综合能力测试题(全国卷一)第23题,是一道以被誉为动物界“跳高冠军”的跳蚤为背景的考题,试题立意新颖,切近生活,突出了能力的考查;使考生在自已既熟悉、又感兴趣的题设背景中接受综合能力的测试,体现了命题者对考生的人文关怀,是一道难得的好题,原题如下: 展开更多
关键词 理科综合能力测试 解法 普通高考 人文关怀 全国卷Ⅰ 立意 第23题 物理 “跳蚤” 题设背景
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“跳蚤”的启示
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作者 周如俊 《教师之友》 2005年第3期32-32,共1页
有这样一个实验:一个人往一个玻璃杯里放进一只跳蚤.发现跳蚤立即轻易地跳了出来。重复几遍,结果还是一样。接下来实验者再次把这只跳蚤放进杯子里.不过这次是立即同时在杯上加一个玻璃盖,“嘣”的一声,跳蚤重重地撞在玻璃盖上。... 有这样一个实验:一个人往一个玻璃杯里放进一只跳蚤.发现跳蚤立即轻易地跳了出来。重复几遍,结果还是一样。接下来实验者再次把这只跳蚤放进杯子里.不过这次是立即同时在杯上加一个玻璃盖,“嘣”的一声,跳蚤重重地撞在玻璃盖上。一次次被撞,跳蚤开始变得聪明起来了,它开始根据盖子的高度来调整自己所跳的高度。再一阵子以后呢,发现这只跳蚤再也没有撞击到这个盖子, 展开更多
关键词 可持续发展 赏识教育 人性化教育 素质教育 “跳蚤实验” 教师
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基层干部成长中的“跳蚤效应”及规避之策
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作者 张珺倩 《领导科学》 北大核心 2021年第15期115-117,共3页
“跳蚤效应”是指跳蚤在屡受盖子压迫的挫折之后逐渐降低目标的现象。一些基层干部在成长过程中受到来自上级领导、单位机制、周围同事、家庭成员或自身能力等“盖子”的限制时,会产生跳蚤效应,致使自身能力发展受限、思维拓展受阻。破... “跳蚤效应”是指跳蚤在屡受盖子压迫的挫折之后逐渐降低目标的现象。一些基层干部在成长过程中受到来自上级领导、单位机制、周围同事、家庭成员或自身能力等“盖子”的限制时,会产生跳蚤效应,致使自身能力发展受限、思维拓展受阻。破解“跳蚤效应”,需要上级做好“引”与“领”、单位制度做好“助”与“推”、单位环境做好“和”与“正”、干部自身做好“立”与“练”、家庭后盾做好“爱”与“容”。 展开更多
关键词 基层干部 “跳蚤效应” 能力 思维 制度 环境 家庭
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教师莫过"跳蚤人生"
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作者 刘海生 《成人教育》 北大核心 2005年第1期18-19,共2页
为了避免"跳蚤人生"的悲剧,作为教师就一要热爱学生,二要有主动积极的工作态度,三要有坚忍不拔的毅力,四要奋发图强,不断升华。
关键词 教师 “跳蚤人生” 超越
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Are local plague endemicity and ecological characteristics of vectors and reservoirs related? A case study in north-east Tanzania 被引量:2
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作者 Anne LAUDISOIT Simon NEERINCKX +2 位作者 Rhodes H.MAKUNDI Herwig LEIRS Boris R.KRASNOV 《Current Zoology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 北大核心 2009年第3期200-211,共12页
The pattern of plague endemicity in Tanzania is characterized by continuous re-appearance of the disease in some locations, while in other neighbouring villages the disease has never or seldom been observed. To unders... The pattern of plague endemicity in Tanzania is characterized by continuous re-appearance of the disease in some locations, while in other neighbouring villages the disease has never or seldom been observed. To understand the reasons for this pattern, we studied small mammal and flea species composition, diversity and relative abundances in two plague-endemic and two plague-free locations. We asked (a) whether fleas more abundant in plague-endemic locations differ in their characteristic abundance and the degree of their host specificity from fleas more abundant in plague-free locations and (b) whether hosts most abundant in p/ague-endemic locations differ in the diversity of their flea assemblages from hosts most abundant in p/ague-free locations. We characterized (a) each host species by species richness and degree of taxonomic relatedness of its flea assemblages and (b) each flea species by its mean abundance and size, and degree of taxonomic relatedness of its host spectrum and compared their relative abundances between locations. No significant difference between plague-endemic and plague-free locations in either host density or any variable related to flea abundance or diversity was found. However, there was marginally significant effect of taxonomic distinctness of a flea assemblage barboured by a host on its probability to be more abundant in either plague-endemic or plague-free locations. Furthermore, hosts more abundant in plague-endemic locations tended to harbour closely-related fleas. Finally, while opportunistic and specialist fleas were equally distributed in both sets of locations, fleas exploiting distantly-related hosts were found mainly in plague-free locations during the rainy season. We suggest that the observed patterns might arise due to seasonal and spatial differences in local microclimatic conditions and landscape connectivity [ Current Zoology 55 (3) : 200 - 211, 2009]. 展开更多
关键词 FLEA RODENT Landscape connectivity OPPORTUNISTIC PLAGUE Tanzania
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Effects of Microcystis aeruginosa on life history of water flea Daphnia magna 被引量:3
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作者 刘利平 李慷 +3 位作者 陈桃英 戴习林 江敏 James S. DIANA 《Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2011年第4期892-897,共6页
Cyanobacterial blooms in eutrophic freshwater systems are a worldwide problem, creating adverse effects for many aquatic organisms by producing toxic mierocystins and deteriorating water quality. In this study, microc... Cyanobacterial blooms in eutrophic freshwater systems are a worldwide problem, creating adverse effects for many aquatic organisms by producing toxic mierocystins and deteriorating water quality. In this study, microcystins (MCs) in Microcystis aeruginosa, and Daphnia magna exposed to M. aeruginosa, were analyzed by HPLC-MS, and the effects of M. aeruginosa on D. magna were investigated. When D. magna was exposed to M. aeruginosa for more than 2 h, Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) was detected. When exposed to 1.5× 10^6, 3× 10^6, 0.75× 10^7, and 1.5× 10^7 cell/mL of M. aeruginosa for 96 h, average survival of D. magna for treatments were 23.33%, 33.33%, 13.33%, 16.67%, respectively, which were significantly lower than the average 100% survival in the control group (P 〈 0.05). The adverse effects ofM. aeruginosa on body length, time for the first brood, brood numbers, gross fecundity, lifespan, and population growth olD. magna were density-dependent. These results suggest that the occurrence of M. aeruginosa blooms could strongly inhibit the population growth of D. magna through depression of survival, individual growth and gross fecundity. In the most serious situations, M. aeruginosa blooms could undermine the food web by eliminating filter-feeding zooplankton, which would destroy the ecological balance of aquaculture water bodies. 展开更多
关键词 Microcvstis aeruginosa Daphnia magna life history TOXICITY
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Ectoparasite communities on Tupaia belangeri (Scandentia:Tupaiidae) in surrounding areas of Erhai Lake in Yunnan,China 被引量:1
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作者 Dong Wenge Guo Xianguo +2 位作者 Men Xingyuan Qian Tijun Wu Dian 《Journal of Medical Colleges of PLA(China)》 CAS 2009年第4期215-222,共8页
Objective:To investigate the ectoparasite communities on Tupaia belangeri (T. belangeri) in the surrounding areas of Erhai Lake and their potential importance in medical and veterinary science. Methods: Different loca... Objective:To investigate the ectoparasite communities on Tupaia belangeri (T. belangeri) in the surrounding areas of Erhai Lake and their potential importance in medical and veterinary science. Methods: Different locations in surrounding areas of Erhai Lake in Yunnan were selected as the investigation spots. T. belangeri were randomly captured with baited mouse cages and then brought to the laboratory for identification according to their body shape, size and color, and measurements such as the lengths of their body, ear and hind feet. Ectoparasites on them were collected and identified to determine the species under microscope after specimens were mounted on slides, with the clearing and drying process completed. The constituent ratio (C), prevalence (P) and average ectoparasite abundance (A) were used to test the prevalence and density of ectoparasites; Non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-tests were used to test the differences in the abundance and richness of ectoparasites between female and male hosts; Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between ectoparasites and the body parameters of hosts. Results: There was very high species diversity of ectoparasites found on T. belangeri and some species of ectoparasites were reported associated with human diseases. A high proportion (88%) of 107 T. belangeri was found to be infested with ectoparasites. A total of 75 species of ectoparasites on them were collected, including 58 species of chigger mite, 12 species of gamasid mite, 4 species of flea and 1 species of sucking louse. Within this ectoparasite complex, 13 species were previously reported to be vectors of human disease agents. Non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-tests showed significant differences between male and female T. belangeri in terms of the abundance and richness of total ectoparasites. However, the species richness and abundance of chigger mites, sucking lice, fleas or gamasid mites presented no significant differences between male and female hosts. Spearman correlation analysis showed that none of correlations were observed between host body parameters with abundance and richness of total ectoparasites, chigger mites, suckinglice, fleas or gamatid mites. Conclusion: The results suggest that there is very high species diversity of ectoparasites on T. belangeri, consisting mainly of communities of sucking lice, fleas, chiggers and gamasid mites. 展开更多
关键词 Tupaia belanger ECTOPARASITES Vector-borne disease Erhai Lake YUNNAN
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Assessment of predatory ability of native and non-native freshwater gammaridean species: A rapid test with water fleas as prey 被引量:1
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作者 B.E.M.W. STOFFELS J.S. TUMMERS +3 位作者 G. VAN DER VELDE D. PLATVOET H.W.M. HENDRIKS R.S.E.W. LEUVEN 《Current Zoology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 北大核心 2011年第6期836-843,共8页
Predation rate with relation to species, sex and water temperature was tested among four different gammaridean spe- cies: Dikerogammarus villosus, Gammarus roeselii, Gammarus pulex and Gammarus fossarum. Tests were p... Predation rate with relation to species, sex and water temperature was tested among four different gammaridean spe- cies: Dikerogammarus villosus, Gammarus roeselii, Gammarus pulex and Gammarus fossarum. Tests were performed in micro- cosms in climate-controlled rooms at five different temperatures. Daphnia magna, a common water flea, served as prey. On ave- rage D. villosus showed the highest consumption rate of Daphnia magna over the entire temperature range, followed in decreas- ing order by G pulex, G roeselii and G fossarum. The predation rate of all species showed a distinct peak at 20~C. Correction of predation rates for body size gave somewhat different results. D. villosus is then still the most predatory of all gammaridean spe- cies tested followed by G. pulex, G. fossarum and G roeselii. The outcome of the Daphnia tests is consistent with results of other studies with different prey. This supports that the Daphnia test is a good and quick indicator of the predatory abilities in gam- maridean species at varying temperatures, and allows the prediction of how changing temperature regimes influence invasion impacts 展开更多
关键词 DAPHNIA Temperature Predation rate AMPHIPODS Invasions
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心理实验的家教启示
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作者 章立早 《人生十六七(家教指南)》 2003年第8期29-31,共3页
关键词 心理实验 家教启示 “跳蚤实验” 自身潜能 预定学习目标 家庭教育
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