数字货币语境下“过失参与洗钱”的行为不法类型

在数字货币语境下,基于新型金融业态数字化、普及化、去中心化的特征,从业主体“过失参与洗钱”与一般业务行为的边界日益模糊,需要在层次化归责判断中,明确其刑事可罚性的判断标准。在刑法教义学视域中,“过失参与洗钱”的评价对象为过失不法中相关从业主体的参与行为,判断标准为是否违反洗钱罪构成要件中的注意义务,归责结果为单一正犯的不法结构。根据不同的数字货币类型与技术路径,分别适用以上归责判断的思路,可以准确厘定数字货币语境下不同从业主体“过失参与洗钱”的行为不法类型,明确刑法的处罚标准,实现刑法对数字货币发展前瞻且理性的回应。

《诗学》若干关键词语的翻译问题

研究者们对亚里士多德《诗学》的理解历来存在很多分歧,而准确的翻译是准确的理解的前提。本文探讨了《诗学》中taxis(秩序)、hamartia(过失)、toioyt仭npath叆mat嵀n(这些情绪)等关键词语的翻译问题。

System reliability assessment based on Wiener process and competing failure analysis

Considering the dependence and competitive relation-ship between traumatic failure and degradation,the reliability assessment of products based on competing failure analysis is studied.The hazard rate of traumatic failure is regarded as a Weibull distribution of the degradation performance,and the Wiener process is used to describe the degradation process.The parameters are estimated with the maximum likelihood estimation（MLE）method.A reliability model based on competing failure analysis is proposed.A case study of the GaAs lasers is given to validate the effectiveness of the model and its solving method.The results indicate that if only the degradation failure is considered,the estimated result will be comparably optimistic.Meanwhile,the correlation between the degradation and traumatic failure has a great influence on the accuracy of reliability assessment.

PREDICTION OF RIME ICE ACCRETION AND RESULTING EFFECT ON AIRFOIL PERFORMANCE

The roughness effect based on the wall function method is introduced into the numerical simulation of the rime ice accretion and the resulting effect on the aerodynamic performance of the airfoil. Incorporating the two-phase model of air/super-cooled droplets in the Eulerian coordinate system, this paper presents the simulation of the rime ice accretion on the NACA 0012 airfoil. The predicted rime ice shape is compared with those results of measurements and simulations by other icing codes. Also the resulting effects of rime ice on airfoil aerodynamic performance are discussed. Results indicate that the rime ice accretion leads to the loss of the maximum lift coefficient by 26%, the decrease of the stall angle by about 3° and the considerable increase of the drag coefficient.

On approximating multifractal traffic burstiness with Markov modulated Poisson processes

We investigate the approximating capability of Markov modulated Poisson processes (MMPP) for modeling multifractal Internet traffic. The choice of MMPP is motivated by its ability to capture the variability and correlation in moderate time scales while being analytically tractable. Important statistics of traffic burstiness are described and a customized moment-based fitting procedure of MMPP to traffic traces is presented. Our methodology of doing this is to examine whether the MMPP can be used to predict the performance of a queue to which MMPP sample paths and measured traffic traces are fed for comparison respectively, in addition to the goodness-of-fit test of MMPP. Numerical results and simulations show that the fitted MMPP can approximate multifractal traffic quite well, i.e. accurately predict the queueing performance.

Applications of Graph Theory to Gross Error Detection for GPS Geodetic Control Networks

This paper describes a broad perspective of the application of graph theory to establishment of GPS control networks whereby the GPS network is considered as a connected and directed graph with three components.In this algorithm the gross error detection is undertaken through loops of different spanning trees using the "Loop Law" in which the individual components Δ X, Δ Y and Δ Z sum up to zero.If the sum of the respective vector components ∑X,∑Y and ∑Z in a loop is not zero and if the error is beyond the tolerable limit (ε>w),it indicates the existence of gross errors in one of the baselines in the loop and therefore the baseline must be removed or re_observed.After successful screening of errors by graph theory,network adjustment can be carried out.In this paper,the GPS data from the control network established as reference system for the HP Dam at Baishan county in Liaoning province is presented to illustrate the algorithm.

Ground subsidence induced by pillar deterioration in abandoned mine districts

When roadways are constructed above or adjacent to heavily mined regions, the ground subsidence caused by pillar collapse inflicts severe damage on these roadways. In this study, some surface subsidence events were first reviewed to present roof caving characteristics caused by pillar failure. The bearing characteristic and failure pattern of a single pillar with or without effect of discontinuity were further numerically simulated using distinct element code(3 DEC). It was found that the spalling of pillar or slippage of discontinuity would damage the bearing capacity of pillar during the failure process. The stress at the pillar core could be greater than uniaxial compressive strength of the pillar. However, when a discontinuity runs through a pillar, the slippage of discontinuity would significantly degrade the bearing capacity of the pillar. In pillar support system, if any pillar unexpectedly degrades or loses its bearing capacity, the load transferred from the degraded pillar acts on neighboring pillars, and the shear force also increases at relevant positions. However, the roof cutting and surface subsidence characteristics would perform in different patterns. In some cases, surface subsides slowly;in the worst scenario, shock bump may be induced by pillar and roof collapse.

An outlier recognition approach in surveying data based on information entropy

A novel outlier recognition method in surveying data is presented based on Shannon information entropy. The probability distribution of surveying data does not need to be known or hypothesized in this method, and it is not only accurate but also convenient to calculate in this method compared with statistical recognition method.

Gross Error Detection and Identification Based on Parameter Estimation for Dynamic Systems

The detection and identification of gross errors, especially measurement bias, plays a vital role in data reconciliation for nonlinear dynamic systems. Although parameter estimation method has been proved to be a pow-erful tool for bias identification, without a reliable and efficient bias detection strategy, the method is limited in ef-ficiency and cannot be applied widely. In this paper, a new bias detection strategy is constructed to detect the pres-ence of measurement bias and its occurrence time. With the help of this strategy, the number of parameters to be es-timated is greatly reduced, and sequential detections and iterations are also avoided. In addition, the number of de-cision variables of the optimization model is reduced, through which the influence of the parameters estimated is reduced. By incorporating the strategy into the parameter estimation model, a new methodology named IPEBD (Improved Parameter Estimation method with Bias Detection strategy) is constructed. Simulation studies on a con-tinuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) and the Tennessee Eastman (TE) problem show that IPEBD is efficient for eliminating random errors, measurement biases and outliers contained in dynamic process data.

Designing and implementation of variance-dependent Goldstein radar interferogram filtering

The variance-dependent Goldstein radar interferogram filter takes into account the information of both interferometric coherence and multilook factors,and can produce very consistent results for interferograms generated under a wide variety of multilook factors and with very different noise level.However,the filter is a bit complicated and its application is still very limited.We present the designing and implementation of the variance-dependent Goldstein radar interferogram filtering,emphasizing on the logic flow,the generation of look-up table,the determination of filtering parameter,and the handling of edge information loss.Experiments with real interferograms are provided to demonstrate the applications of the designed filtering.Comparisons with the result of the coherence-dependent Goldstein filter show that improvements from 18.4% to 36.9% are achieved when the variance-dependent filter is used,and the noisier the interferogram,the greater the improvement.

Detection of gross errors using mixed integer optimization approach in process industry

A novel mixed integer linear programming (NMILP) model for detection of gross errors is presented in this paper. Yamamura et al.(1988) designed a model for detection of gross errors and data reconciliation based on Akaike information cri- terion (AIC). But much computational cost is needed due to its combinational nature. A mixed integer linear programming (MILP) approach was performed to reduce the computational cost and enhance the robustness. But it loses the super performance of maximum likelihood estimation. To reduce the computational cost and have the merit of maximum likelihood estimation, the simultaneous data reconciliation method in an MILP framework is decomposed and replaced by an NMILP subproblem and a quadratic programming (QP) or a least squares estimation (LSE) subproblem. Simulation result of an industrial case shows the high efficiency of the method.

Tree-Structured Parallel Regeneration for Multiple Data Losses in Distributed Storage Systems Based on Erasure Codes

To reduce the time required to complete the regeneration process of erasure codes, we propose a Tree-structured Parallel Regeneration (TPR) scheme for multiple data losses in distributed storage systems. Under the scheme, two algorithms are proposed for the construction of multiple regeneration trees, namely the edge-disjoint algorithm and edge-sharing algorithm. The edge-disjoint algorithm constructs multiple independent trees, and is simple and appropriate for environments where newcomers and their providers are distributed over a large area and have few intersections. The edge-sharing algorithm constructs multiple trees that compete to utilize the bandwidth, and make a better utilization of the bandwidth, although it needs to measure the available band-width and deal with the bandwidth changes; it is therefore difficult to implement in practical systems. The parallel regeneration for multiple data losses of TPR primarily includes two optimizations: firstly, transferring the data through the bandwidth optimized-paths in a pipe-line manner; secondly, executing data regeneration over multiple trees in parallel. To evaluate the proposal, we implement an event-based simulator and make a detailed comparison with some popular regeneration methods. The quantitative comparison results show that the use of TPR employing either the edge-disjoint algorithm or edge-sharing algorithm reduces the regeneration time significantly.

Advances in Nitrogen Denitrification and N_2O Emission in Agro-ecosystem

Nitrification and denitrification are two key links of nitrogen flow cycle in soil.N2O and N2,generated from biochemical process of nitrogen,can cause not only the nitrogen losses and reduction of nitrogen use efficiency,but also the boosted concentration of greenhouse gases,severely endangering the environment.Accordingly,nitrification-denitrification has been more and more concerned from whether an agricultural view,or an environmental one.Referring to the related literatures published at home and abroad in recent years,we overviewed the denitrification-caused N loss and N2O emission in various agro-ecosystems,and based on which we put forward countermeasures to reduce the denitrification-caused N loss and N2O emission and its research prospects in the future.

Quantum Non-thermal Effect from Black Holes Surrounded by Quintessence

We present a short and direct derivation of Hawking radiation as a tunneling process across the horizonand compute the tunneling probability.Considering the self-gravitation and energy conservation,we use the Keski-Vakkuri,Kraus,and Wilczek(KKW)analysis to compute the temperature and entropy of the black holes surrounded byquintessence and obtain the temperature and entropy are different from the Hawking temperature and the Bekenstein-Hawkingentropy.The result we get can offer a possible mechanism to deal with the information loss paradox becausethe spectrum is not purely thermal.

CC-CV charge protocol based on spherical diffusion model

A new insight into the constant current-constant voltage （CC-CV） charge protocol based on the spherical diffusion model was presented. From the model, the CV-charge process compensates, to a large extent, the capacity loss in the CC process, and the capacity loss increases with increasing the charging rate and decreases with increasing the lithium-ion diffusion coefficient and using a smaller r value （smaller particle-size and larger diffusion coefficient） and a lower charge rate will be helpful to decreasing the capacity loss. The results show that the CC and the CV charging processes, in some way, are complementary and the capacity loss during the CC charging process due to the large electrochemical polarization can be effectively compensated from the CV charging process.

Pyrolysis characteristics of rubber compositions in medical waste

Thermogravimetric study of rubber compositions （operating glove and catheter） in medical waste was carried out using the thermogravimetric analyser （TGA）,at the heating rate of 20 ℃/min in a stream of N2.The results indicate that the decomposition process of operating glove appears an obvious mass loss stage at 250-485 ℃,while catheter has two obvious stages at 240-510 ℃ and 655-800 ℃,respectively; both samples present endothermic pyrolysis reaction; the decomposition of operating glove and the first mass loss stage of catheter are in agreement with natural rubber pyrolysis; the second mass loss stage of catheter corresponds to CaCO3 decomposition.Based on the experimental results,a novel two-step four-reaction model was established to simulate the whole continuous processes,which could more satisfactorily describe and predict the pyrolysis processes of rubber compositions,being more mechanistic and conveniently serving for the engineering.

Towards Cheaper Solar Cells： A New Path to Grow Silicon Ribbons

The silicon wafer accounts nearly half of the photovoltaic module cost, and hence on this issue an important opportunity remains for further decreasing the cost of photovoltaics. It is well known that ribbon technology has a large potential for costs reduction by avoiding kerr losses since no saw processes are used, preventing material losses up to 50% of the initial feedstock. On the other hand we ought to ask ourselves why we should use solid silicon feedstock, which has already undergone a crystallization process with high energy content to recrystallize it again in a crucible, spending even more energy, when we can go directly from the gaseous feedstock source to the final ribbon. The cost cutting strategy that supports the Silicon over Dust Substrate （SDS） technology, here presented, is based on the belief that ribbon technology and the silicon feedstock issue will play an important role on ＂wafer＂ cost reduction.

What Is Important in Selecting Phlebiopsis gigantea Strain for Commercial Use？

Phlebiopsis gigantea strains registered in the European Union as biocontrol agents against root rot in forests （four from Great Britain and two from Finland） were compared using Ward＇s method with reference to： （l） similarity of DNA-random amplified microsatellite （RAMS） ladders, （2） cellulase and peroxidase production and （3） acceleration of dry mass wood loss in Norway spruce The activity of the enzymes was tested in the initial phase of wood decay （30 d after inoculation） and indicated as the most active isolates： VFI0 and FCl5 for cellulase and FC16 and VFI0 for peroxidase production. The assessment of loss of wood six months after inoculation indicated isolate FC 15 as the most active. P. gigantea isolates similar in terms of enzyme activity indicated different patterns ofDNA microsatellite loci. At the same time, DNA-RAMS revealed similarities in isolates with different abilities to produce enzymes. However, some similarities and differences between isolates according to wood decay were found. No plain relationships between molecular characteristics and enzyme activity of the strains tested were observed. The results differentiated activity of tested isolates and suggested benefits of selecting P. gigantea strains for commercial use basing mainly on the assessment of wood loss activity.