“过程”教育的必要性

“过程”在《新华词典》里的解释是事情进行或事物发展经过的程序。显然，“过程”是人类发展的重要组成部分，是一个不可缺少的因素。那么，过程教育就更有它的必要性和重要性。

广告设计创意教学思考

针对现有广告设计创意教学中存在的问题,从宏观的角度分析了其成因,从教与学两个方面提出了新的广告设计创意教学指导思想,总结和归纳了一些可行的实施方案。

工业设计教研室建设与发展初探

工业设计在我国是新兴的、需要不断完善发展的一门学科,因此在本学科的教育中还存在着一系列的问题。工业设计教研室作为承担整个专业教学的基础部门,它的建设与发展,事关整个专业的生存和发展。本文就此问题进行研究,认为工业设计教研室的建设与发展方向应该走"产"、"学"、"研"一体化的道路。

Preventing and Limiting Exposure to Geo-Hazards:Some Lessons from Two Mountain Villages Destroyed by the Wenchuan Earthquake

This paper examines the experiences of two mountain communities- Yinchanggou and Donghekou in the Wenchuan earthquake of May 12, 2008, where Yinchanggou's tourism economy and natural park system was destroyed and Donghekou was buried by a landslide. We conducted research surveys on both the communities, interviewing survivors and local officials, and observed the destruction/reconstruction, geological, and living conditions. We suggest that protracted educational processes be put into place so that mountain communities possess a knowledge base to consider long-term disaster prevention when building the economy in the fragile and geo-hazardous conditions of the Longmenshan. The Donghekou Earthquake Ruins Park is an exemplar of turning disaster into sustainable, safe development for small mountain villages.

The Comparison of Sparta and Athens in Education

In the history of Western education, ancient Greek＇ s education including the education of Sparta and that of Athens has an important position. The Greeks also leR a rich legacy of education in creating the splendid culture and at the same time had a direct influence on the development of modem Western education. The study of Sparta and Athens in education contributes to our understanding of the ancient Greek education system. Each of the states of the education had its own unique characteristics and a deep influence on the western civilization. In this paper, by comparing the purpose of education： the fight to education and the right to receive education; the government policy on education; the education process and the attitudes towards women in education, we could have a basic knowledge of the education in Sparta and Athens.

Knowledge, Emotion, and Action Connected to Ethics Learning

In the following paper we try to analyze the main characteristics of teaching ethics at university. In this particular case the student is an adult; we found several special features, for instance that the student has certain ideas and appreciations, certain moral intuitions which may interfere with the learning process. The idea is not just add more information and knowledge to the existing one, but to solve inconsistencies by restructuring prior knowledge. This is a transformation process that relies not only on cognitive aspects but also on sensitivity and action. Knowledge, sensitivity and action are different gateways to the complexity of ethical object at university classrooms. To perform this kind of experience you will need methodological strategies which involve integral education.

Mathematical Debates as an Integral Part of the Learning Process

In this report, we want to touch upon two aspects of teaching mathematics in middle and high school. The first of them is the eternal question of how to teach, to motivate students and make them involved in the educational process, particularly in mathematics, where the most important factor is the natural gifts. The second aspect concerns the question which became very urgent in the modern world： what, in fact, we want to teach the students in a world over-saturated with information of any kind. As a result of the information blowup, two aspects emerge. On the one hand, straight passing over the skills and knowledge to the students becomes irrelevant today （just like a teacher or lecturer, merely speaking to an audience, who is not that relevant for young people, accustomed from childhood to perceive information through dynamic color visuals）. On the other hand, there is a change in emphasis in the objective function of the educational process from gaining knowledge to acquisition of skills of working with information, consideration and estimation, and choosing of the optimal strategy of a number of possibilities. This trend can be seen in the selection of problems in the international examination PISA （Program for international Student Assessment）, in the new curriculum in mathematics and in the selection of problems in the matriculation exams. These considerations （along with others） make teachers took for rtew forms of teaming, more appropriate to the demands of modernity. In this report we suggest the idea of using a mathematical competition called ＂Mathematical debate＂ （mathematical fight） as an integral part of the educational process at different levels of learning mathematics, as an appropriate tool.

Analysis on Construction of Teaching Quality Monitoring System of Adult Higher Education

The teaching process includes ＂teaching＂ and ＂learning＂ of two aspects, and the teaching process of adult higher education is the autonomous learning process of students under the guidance of teachers. It respectively establishes scientific and reasonable ＂teaching＂ quality monitoring system and ＂learning＂ quality monitoring system, to respectively conduct monitoring of the whole teaching process from＂teaching＂ and ＂learning＂ of the two aspects, in order to effectively improve the teaching quality of adult higher education.

On the Professional Development of Teachers in Public Security colleges and universities

Teachers in public security colleges and universities are faced with professional dilemma in the process of carrying out education, which brings many problems to the development of public security education in our country. Therefore, to reshape education concept from the teaching and research point of view, develop professional level of public security colleges and universities, and create a good team ofteachers are the most important cause of public security education.

Chinese College Students＇ Ideological and Political Education： Ways and Strategies in the New Period

Humanism is the soul of the ideological and political education. In the process of ideological and political education, adherence to humanities education is the objective requirement of modem education. This paper analyzes Chinese college students＇ ideological and political education ways and strategies in the new period. The author believes that optimized campus cultural environment can help build stages for students＇ growth, establish the principal position of students, promote students＇ individuality development, improve the psychological service system, improve students＇ psychological development, increasing students＇ emotional education and pay attention to students＇ emotion demands, etc.

Educating for Citizenship： A Case Study of Brazilians of Japanese Descendent in Public Schools in Japan

The current work presents a support tutoring program on the Japanese language applied to 12 newly arrived Brazilian students who moved to Japan after their parents migrated in order to work in electronic factories. All of them were not able to speak Japanese, even the greetings; during lunch time they also had to eat some types of food they had never had before. Certainly, it was a daily battle against the unknown as they interfaced between two very different cultures. This support tutoring program was implemented in a Japanese public school in Taiwa Town, Miyagi Prefecture, and it aimed to create an adequate environment that could provide a teaching-learning process in the cognitive, emotional, and social aspects to prepare the students to live in Japan, as well as to prepare them for their return to Brazil in the future.

The Ways to Promote Recessive Ideological and Political Education of College Students

Recessive ideological and political education refers to consciously apply hidden curriculum theory in the ideological and political education process, focusing on the development and utilization of recessive ideological and political education resources, by relatively hidden form, making educatees get some idea or experience among the unconscious. According to the author many years＇ teaching experience, this paper comprehensively studied the ways to promote recessive ideological and political education of college students. Research points out： Schools should make full use of various disciplines to infiltrate education teaching, play the educator charisma＇ s recessive educational role, mine campus recessive education resources to rich recessive education carrier. The research results will play a important role in recessive ideological and political education of college students.

Why Higher Education＇s Pursuit of eLearning Technology Fails Minority Learners

As technology becomes increasingly integrated into the teaching and learning processes at the university level, it is imperative that research be conducted in relation to the impact of technology acquisition on minority learning populations. Research suggests that we need to improve the ways technology is applied, adopted and introduced and that higher levels of support should be provided to minority and nontraditional learning populations as they immerse themselves into higher education environments. Avenues for discussion of cost-effective technology integration and transition are explored; data identifies a need for more effective selection and alignment of learning needs with learning tools earlier on in the process of technology implementation across campuses. Research suggests this supports student presence, persistence, retention and success. Without it, however, we fail to support the very learners we seek to provide higher levels of access and opportunity. This failure will impact learners and institutions alike by placing disadvantage populations in precarious positions and universities having to choose between cultural, economic and human capital. The paper is organized as follows： Section 1： Introduction; Section 2： Need for Understanding Minority Enrollment Patterns; Section 3： Analysis of Report Data; Section 4： Strategy; Section 5： Conclusions.

The Psycho-Pedagogical Monitoring Research and the Problems of the Quality of Requirements in the Current Educational System

Nowadays, we face many obstacles connected with the high quality education. This sphere forces us to implement new methods and approaches in everyday learning process. The following academic research done on psycho-pedagogical sphere in higher education showed that the enhancement in the educational system is developing slowly because of the lack of research. By all means, it is the right time to follow the objectives and try to develop and suggest the current teaching process using technology that of course will be based on the development of quality control and thesaurus-agency approaches. As mentioned in Bolkan and Goodboy, their research showed that teachers who promote intellectual stimulation empower and enrich students both cognitive and affective getting knowledge and experience process in the classroom. The main objective of current experiment is that it suggests intellectual stimulation which is linked to intrinsic motivation, and that intrinsic motivation has all the advantages to influence students＇ use of effective studying behaviors. According to Dunlosky, Marsh, Nathan, Willingham and Rawson, there are specific techniques which can influence on the overall process of higher education.

Bridging Sociality and New Media Practice as a Lever to Intercultural Competency

This paper is based on the findings of a survey on 120 students involved in the Interdisciplinary Course on Intercultural Competences （ICIC）, a three-year EU Lifelong Intensive Program project aimed at developing intercultural competency in the education, social work and health care professions. The Program approached intercultural competency as a culturally aware ability to cope with unfamiliar situations continuously arising in the current ever-changing society, in which learning has become an ＂endemic condition＂, and the new media have created symbolic resources for actively expressing and constructing identities as an in-progress and negotiated project. Intercultural competency is therefore rethought from a holistic perspective as a part of an educational mission that particularly values one＇s communicative and social experiences as a strategic resource for facilitating learning processes and enhancing professional competency. The presented data show sociality as a clustering factor for intercultural learning and displays a factorial structure, from which a model for intercultural education is inferred, in which bridging social capital, media practice and reflective attitude become crucial for gaining and valuing competency in terms of human capital.

Information System for Administrative Services of Educational Process

The goal of this paper is to analyze and propose a reconstruction of functional possibilities and database requirements of a Web based Educational Information system. For the research the Information system of the Technology School ＂electronic Systems＂ （TUES） associated with the Technical University of Sofia is on focus. The modules for admission of students, specialty classification, and graduation of students, management of the student＇s work in computer classrooms and lecturers＇ data management have been analyzed, developed and implemented. The additionally developed modules concern mainly the management of educational process and do not affect the e-learning or the official part modules. That led to the idea that the functionality for managing educational process has to be organized in a separate module defined as module for administrative services of educational process. Such restructuring of the system will bring flexibility in further growth of the system--for example students＇ admission or selection for different purposes.

Educational Software Development Life Cycle Stages

Technological innovations have revolutionized the educational technology into various dimensions. Educational processes without educational technology have no value in this modern world. In education domain, the educational software has simplified the processes in greater extend. A implemented while developing such educational software. In particu proper lar, the development methodology has to be software developed to enrich these education processes should follow a development strategy to motivate the end users to utilize the hypermedia potentials. The software development life cycle （SDLC） has different phases in designing such educationa technology and assists the end users to benefit from the modern technology. This study identifies the various factors to be considered at each phase of the SDLC while developing educational software. Also, this study proposes some suggestions to be followed in ESDLC with respect to educational processes perspectives. The core idea of this study is to identify the various issues in implementing such educational software in day to day teaching and learning processes.

The Positive Effects of Preschool Education in the Socialization and Learning of Children

The purpose of this study is to highlight the positive effects that the attendance of preschool education has on the soclanzauon and on the learning level of children. They are related with the kind of preschool education that the child attends, with the area where the child lives, with the education level of the parents, with the way how the learning process is realized in the kindergarten. Five hundred （500） first graders of the city of Durres are chosen. Parents and teachers will be part of the study only after taking the consent from RIE （Regional Institute of Education）. The completed surveys from the parents will create us an idea of the situation how they experience this and what their expectations regarding their children are. Surveillance will be another important method that will be used to give the conclusion of this study. Children will be watched during spontaneous and one-hour made situations. Statistical data from the two groups of children and parents tests will help us prove how visible the positive effects of attending the preschool education on the performance children show during first grade are. At the end of the study, it will be asked to prove that the attendance of preschool education in specialized institutions has positive effects on the development children show in the first grade in the two targets which we have chosen to study.

Approaching Differentiated Instruction via the Attitudes and the Opinions of Greek Primary School Teachers： An Empirical Investigation

In the modern educational reality, as it is influenced by the social developments, the diversity of school potential is intensely highlighted. At the same time, the standardization of the teaching process appears to be insufficient to meet the modern instructive requirements, while it is vastly supported that differentiated teaching can sufficiently respond to the modern instructive needs. Moreover, it is pointed out that differentiated teaching is another way of thinking on the instructive work. On that basis and with a view to investigating the functionalist dimensions of differentiated teaching, a research of empiric character was attempted geared toward at the investigation of attitudes and opinions of Greek primary school teachers with regard to the differentiated teaching. The structured questionnaire was used as a research tool and the main conclusions showed not only the limited briefing of the sample teachers, with regard to the theoretical and applicable functionalism of differentiated teaching, but also the conviction that the differentiated teaching has the potential to treat students equally while functioning as a driving force for the dynamic forming of knowledge by the students themselves.

The Transmission of the Nigerian Culture Through Education at the Primary School Level, 1960 Till Date

Since Education is the transmission of Culture, the study examined the transmission of the Nigerian culture through Education at the primary school level, since 1960, the year of Nigerian＇s independence, till date. Historical research method was adopted for the study and data were analyzed using primary sources like; oral interviews and archival materials, while publications like; textbooks, articles in journals, file document, speeches and workshop papers were used as secondary sources. The focuses of the paper are to define culture, analyze the relationship between culture and education, examine the primary school curriculum in Nigeria, trace the transmission processes of the Nigerian culture through primary education, consider few challenges of primary education in the promotion of Nigerian culture and offer suggestions to improve the role of primary education in Nigeria in this regards. The findings revealed that, the western education introduced by the British colonial masters, was patterned after European culture for promotion of their educational philosophies and missionary activities. Subjects like： Latin, English language, Religious studies, simple Arithmetic, artisans and others were included in the earlier curriculum for the benefit of the European economic, social, religious and political ambitions. As Nigerians agitated for independence, unity and fi＇eedom, the educational policies began to change to meeting the local needs of Nigerians at all levels of education. The Phelps-Stokes Commission report of 1922 exposed the inadequacies of educational curriculum used in the Nigerian schools, as not meeting the needs of the people. The 1969 Curriculum conference however, brought a complete revolution to the primary school education in the areas of relevance. For instance, subject like： Yoruba, Hausa and Igbo which were major Nigerian languages, Civic Education and Fine Arts were introduced into the primary school curriculum so as to create in-depth awareness for cultural transmission. The roles of such educational bodies like： NERDC and CESAC were fully discussed in the paper. Policies like： Universal Primary Education （UPE） and Universal Basic Education （UBE） introduced in 1976 and 2004 respectively, were efforts of the government at transforming primary education through culture. Challenges like： inadequate funding, personnel problem and implementation problem were indentified. It is therefore recommended that adequate funding be allocated and made available as well as employment of sufficient qualified personnel. There should be strong political will to make policies effective and people＇s interest should be carried along in policies formulations and implementations.