“近”字的几种常见译法

通过举例分析,总结概括了"近"字在英文中的几种表达方式。

玄应《一切经音义》中的近字

玄应近字包括有五个方面的内容：转注字、通假字、古今字、异体字和词语化对音字。近字大约是指跟正体字相对应的文字。

Measurement of Coordinate Parameter by Multi-baseline Digital Close-range Photogrammetry System and Data Analysis for Jujube

[Objective] The aim was to explore the measurement of coordinate parameter by multi-baseline digital close-range photogrammetry system.[Method] The 3-dimensional coordinate of 8-year-old Jujube was measured by using Lensphoto multi-baseline digital close-range photogrammetry system,and through comparing with measured data of Total Station,the error and accuracy of photogrammetry data were analyzed.[Result] The absolute error of X,Y and Z coordinate was 0-0.014,0-0.018 and 0-0.004 m respectively,and the relative error of X,Y and Z coordinate was less than 0.145%.The significance test of pairs for the photogrammetry data and measured data of Total Station indicated that the space coordinate data of stumpage were accurately measured by using the multi-baseline digital close-range photogrammetry method,and the photogrammetry data meet the need of space coordinate measurement for virtual plant growth simulation.[Conclusion] This study had provided theoretical basis for the growth measurement of virtual plant growth simulation.

A TECHNIQUE OF DIGITAL SURFACE MODEL GENERATION

It is usually a time-consuming process to real-time set up 3D digital surface model(DSM) of an object with complex surface.On the basis of the architectural survey project of"Chilin Nunnery Reconstruction",this paper investigates an easy and feasible way,that is,on project site,applying digital close range photogrammetry and CAD technique to establish the DSM for simulating ancient architectures with complex surface.The method has been proved very effective in practice.

Quantum Solitons and Localized Modes in a One-Dimensional Lattice Chain with Nonlinear Substrate Potential

In the classical lattice theory, solitons and localized modes can exist in many one-dimensional nonlinear lattice chains, however, in the quantum lattice theory, whether quantum solitons and localized modes can exist or not in the one-dimensional lattice chains is an interesting problem. By using the number state method and the Hartree approximation combined with the method of multiple scales, we investigate quantum solirons and localized modes in a one-dimensional lattice chain with the nonlinear substrate potential. It is shown that quantum solitons do exist in this nonlinear lattice chain, and at the boundary of the phonon Brillouin zone, quantum solitons become quantum localized modes, phonons are pinned to the lattice of the vicinity at the central position j = j0.

Development of typhoon driven wave nowcasting model in Southeast China Sea

Using optimal interpolation data assimilation of observed wave spectrum around Northeast coast of Taiwan Island, the typhoon driven wave nowcasting model in Southeast China Sea is setup. The SWAN (simulating waves nearshore) model is used to calculate wave field and the input wind field is the QSCAT/NCEP (Quick Scatterometer/National Centers for Environmental Prediction) data. The two-dimensional wavelet transform is applied to analyze the X-band radar image of nearshore wave field and it reveals that the observed wave spectrum has shoaling characteristics in frequency domain. The reverse calculation approach of wave spectrum in deep water is proposed and validated with experimental tests. The two-dimensional digital low-pass filter is used to obtain the initialization wave field. Wave data during Typhoon Sinlaku is used to calibrate the data assimilation parameters and test the reverse calculation approach. Data assimilation corrects the significant wave height and the low frequency spectra energy evidently at Beishuang Station along Fujian Province coast, where the entire assimilation indexes are positive in verification moments. The nowcasting wave field shows that the present model can obtain more accurate wave predictions for coastal and ocean engineering in Southeast China Sea.

Zero-Magnetic-Field Spin Splitting of Polaron＇s Ground State Energy Induced by Rashba Spin-Orbit Interaction

We study theoretically the ground state energy of a polaron near the interface of a polar-polar semiconductor by considering the Rashba spin-orbit （SO） coupling with the Lee-Low-Pines intermediate coupling method. Our numerical results show that the Rashba SO interaction originating from the inversion asymmetry in the heterostructure splits the ground state energy of the polaron. The electron area/density and vector dependence of the ratio of the SO interaction to the total ground state energy or other energy composition are obvious. One can see that even without any external magnetic field, the ground state energy can be split by the Rashba SO interaction, and this split is not a single but a complex one. Since the presents of the phonons, whose energy gives negative contribution to the polaron＇s, the spin-splitting states of the polaron are more stable than electron＇s.

Study on the Calibration Function of Local Earthquake Magnitude in the Gansu Region

To calculate the deviations between single station magnitudes and average ones by the magnitude residual statistical method,the paper selects 13086 seismic events recorded by the Gansu broadband digital seismic network from January 2009 to December 2012. The frequency distribution and quantitative statistics of the deviations of earthquake magnitude are analyzed. The MLcalibration function is modified and a uniform local magnitude system characteristic of the Gansu region,is obtained.

Nonconforming Finite Element Approximation on Anisotropic Meshes with Numerical Quadrature

In this paper we mainly discuss the nonconforming fimte element method for second order elliptic boundary value problems on anisotropic meshes. By changing thediscretization form（i.e., by use of numerical quadrature in the procedure of computing the left load）, we obtain the optimal estimate O（h）, which is as same as in the traditionalfinite element analysis when the load f ∈ H1 （Ω）η Co（Ω） which is weaker than the previousstudies. The results obtained in this paper are also valid to the conforming triangular elementand nonconforming Carey＇s element.

三秋库钓三“突出”

一、初秋施钓应突出个“近”字 初秋为什么要钓近呢？这是因为初秋天是生活在水库边缘的蚱蜢、蟋蟀、蚊虫最为活跃的时候，这些给鱼儿提供了可口的饵料。其二，此时节，水库中生长的小虾、水中微生动物也为了觅食聚集到岸边，这些是鱼儿最钟爱的食物。

Multidimensional stability of V-shaped traveling fronts in the Allen-Cahn equation

This paper is concerned with the multidimensional asymptotic stability of V-shaped traveling fronts in the Allen-Cahn equation under spatial decaying initial values. We first show that V-shaped traveling fronts are asymptotically stable under the perturbations that decay at infinity. Then we further show that there exists a solution that oscillates permanently between two V-shaped traveling fronts, which indicates that V-shaped traveling fronts are not always asymptotically stable under general bounded perturbations. Our main technique is the supersolutions and subsolutions method coupled with the comparison principle.

ASYMPTOTIC STABILITY AND RIESZ BASIS PROPERTY FOR TREE-SHAPED NETWORK OF STRINGS

This paper discusses the asymptotic stability and Riesz basis generation for a general tree-shaped network of vibrating strings. All exterior vertices are assumed to be fixed and interior vertices are imposed linear damping feedbacks. This paper shows that the system is well-posed and asymptotically stable by C0-semigroup theory. With some additional conditions, the spectrum of the system is shown to be located in a strip that is parallel to the imaginary axis and the set of all generalized eigenfunctions is completed in the state space. These lead to the conclusion that there is a sequence of generalized eigenfunctions of the system, which forms a Riesz basis with parenthesis for the state space.

ON COUNTING THE FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION OF STRING MOTIFS IN MOLECULAR SEQUENCES

This work investigates frequency distributions of strings within a text. The mathematical derivation accounts for variable alphabet size, character probabilities, and string/text lengths, under both the Bernoullian and the Markovian model for string generation. The analysis is limited to the set of nonclumpable strings, that cannot overlap with them selves. Two formulae （exact and approximated） are derived, calculating the frequency distribution of a string of length m found inside a text of length n （with m 〈： n）. The approximated formula has a constant complexity （in contrast to an exponential com plexity of the exact） and makes it applicable to very long texts. The proposed formulae were applied to analyze string frequencies in a portion of the human genome, and to recalculate frequencies of known repeated motif within genes, associated to genetic dis eases. A comparison with stateoftheart methods was provided. The formulae presentedhere can be of use in the statistical evaluation of specific motif frequencies within very long texts （e.g. genes or genomes） and help in characterizing motifs in pathologic conditions.