高校学生党员“选育管用”全链条机制探究

全面推进高校学生党支部建设,加强党支部政治功能和组织力,需要不断提升学生党员培育质量,这是新时代赋予高校学生党建工作的历史使命和重大责任,也是助推高等教育高质量发展的坚强保障,更是培养社会主义合格建设者和可靠接班人的必然要求。从当前高校学生党员队伍建设现状出发,深入分析学生党支部政治功能和组织力难以有效提升的原因,进一步提出以“五个有力”引领高校学生党支部建设,健全完善学生党员“选育管用”全链条机制,探寻切实增强学生党支部政治功能和组织力的有效途径。

“选育管用”全链条机制在国有企业党支部书记队伍建设中的应用

本文阐述了新时代党支部书记的角色定位和素养要求,认为其应具备谋发展的能力、提素质的能力、带队伍的能力、创佳绩的能力。在分析国有企业党支部书记队伍建设存在的问题的基础上,结合冀东油田近年的探索与实践,以重实绩“选”、求实效“育”、出实招“管”、谋创新“用”的全链条机制,有效加强基层党支部书记队伍建设,持续增强基层组织凝聚力、创造力和战斗力。

用好用活“选育管用”全链条机制建设坚强有力年轻干部预备队

陕西销售用好用活优秀年轻干部“选育管用”全链条机制,扎实推进人才强企工程。“选”的方面,抓实适时选拔、科学引进、重点关注、精准补充;“育”的方面,着重围绕政治素质过硬、专业素质过硬培养年轻干部;“管”的方面,坚持从严管理不动摇,激励年轻干部担当作为;“用”的方面,打造加速成长平台、打通专业成长通道、拓宽挂职交流渠道、加强多渠道实践锻炼。同时,在发挥党委领导把关作用、强化制度体系建设、形成高效运行机制、营造成长有利条件等方面强化保障,助力优秀年轻干部加快成长,推动优秀年轻干部培养选拔工作取得新成效。

Genetic differentiations between randomly and selectively bred pig populations in Yunnan,China

To assess the genetic diversity between randomly and selectively bred populations,we sequenced 438 bp of the mitochondrial DNA control region from 102 pigs.These samples represented four native pig breeds,one nucleus and one conservation herd from Yunnan,China.Twenty haplotypes with sixteen polymorphic sites were identified.The number of haplotypes in the nucleus herd of Saba pig and the conservation herd of Banna miniature pig were restricted to three and one,respectively,while the randomly bred pig populations exhibited over six haplotypes.Notably,haplotype diversity in randomly bred populations was significantly greater than the selectively bred populations（h=0.732 vs.0.425 and 0,exact test,P≤0.0036）.These findings demonstrate that selective breeding generated low genetic diversity compared to randomly bred pig breeds.A timely intervention and well programmed breeding approach would stop further genetic diversity reduction in the nucleus and conservation herds of native pig breeds.Otherwise,selective breeding would dramatically reduce genetic diversity in only several years,indicating that sharp contradictions exist between breeding,conservation and genetic diversity.Genetic relationships are discussed based on net genetic distances among pig populations.

Breeding and Cultivation Techniques of Edible Sunflower Variety AR9-9293

Edible sunflower variety AR9-9293 was approved by the Sunflower Variety Appraisal Committee with the country Identification number of sunflower 2015005. This paper introduced the breeding process, yield performance and characteristics, and the high-yield cultivation technology of new edible sunflower variety AR9-9293. The promotion of edible sunflower varieties and cultivation technology could achieve the effects of improving the level of the sunflower cultivation, promoting the development of rural and agricultural economy and increasing farmers＇ income, as well as positively promoting development of the society and adjusting agricultural industry structure.

Breeding of New Japonica-indica Hybrid Rice Combination——Chunyou 618

[Objective] The aim was to select and breed Chunyou 618 which is a novel combination among japonica-indica hybrid rice subspecies. [Method] Chunyou 618 is a japonica-indica hybrid rice combination developed from Chunjiang 16A, a late japonica CMS line with dwarfness and early anthesis time, and C18, an indicaclinous wide compatibility restorer line. In addition, the concerning characters were researched. [Result] Chunyou 618, which is japonica inclining, proved high in pro- duction and in resistance to lodging with Cheng＇s index at 15. It is of moderate re- sistance against Xanthomonas oryzae and stripe virus disease, of moderate susceptibility on rice blast, and of susceptibility on Nilaparvata lugens. The indices of rice quality achieved departmental standard 4 and grade 4 of Cooking Rice Variety Quality, respectively. [Conclusion] Chunyou 618 enjoys strong heterosis, strong stem, good lodging resistance, large panicles, good cold tolerance, high yield and wide adaptability, which is suitable to be grown in Zhejiang Province as single cropping late rice.

Selection of New Sugarcane Variety Guitang 42 with High Yield and High Sugar Content and Suitable for Mechanized Production

[Objective] This study was conducted to provide and promote high-yield,high-sugar, high-lodging resistance cane varieties and change the situation of singleness of sugarcane variety in Guangxi. [Method] The variety, Guitang 04-1001（Guitang 42）, a progeny of the cross ROC22 ×Guitang 92-66, was bred and evaluated in the aspects of morphological characteristics and production characteristics through the breeding program of a five-nursery-system protocol by both regional and production trials. [Results] Under many years of experiments, Guitang 42 was shown with high stalk, medium to large stalk diameter, easy stripping, good germination, medium tillering ability, and more population of millable stalks; and high resistance to mosaic and pokkah boeng, medium resistance to smut, high drought tolerance, and good ratooning ability. During the five-nursery-system procedure, the average of cane and sugar yield was 95.06-108.87 t/hm^2 and 15.11-16.85 t/hm^2, which were higher than CK by 11.3%-14.1% and 16.0%-18.9%, respectively. In the regional trial in 2011 and 2012, the achieved cane yield of 101.7 t/hm^2, sugar yield of 15.03 t/hm^2 and sucrose contents of 14.46% were higher than CK by 9.26%, 14.45% and0.66%, respectively. In the production trial in 2012, the average cane yield was88.62 t/hm^2, which was higher than ROC22 by 7.9%. Guitang 42 was approved by Guangxi Crop Variety Approval Committee in 2013 and elected to Guangxi Top 10 sugarcane commercial variety in 2014. [Conclusion] Guitang 42 has the characteristics of early maturity, high yield, high sugar content, good ratooning ability, and high resistance to lodging（i.e., good comprehensive traits）, and could be popularized in south sugarcane regions in China.

Breeding and Cultivation Technique of Forage Foxtail Millet Variety Jicaogu 1

[Objective] This study was conducted to solve the problem of the lacking of special forage foxtail millet varieties. [Method] With wild large-grain foxtail millet as an original material, foxtail millet variety Jicaogu 1 （S724） for forage use was bred. [Result] Jicaogu 1 has following outstanding characteristics： （1） high content of crude protein： quality detection showed that the millet straw had a high content of crude protein up to 9.8%; （2） high yields of fresh grass and hay： in field detection, the average yield of fresh grass was 58 308.15 kg/hm2, which was higher than Sicao 2 （35 763.00 kg/hm2） by 58.29%, and the hay yield was 15 922.65 kg/hm2, which was higher than Sicao 2 （11 548.05 kg/hm2） by 37.88%; and （3） biological characteristics： Jicaogu 1 shows young seedlings with a growth period of 122 d, a plant height of 198.22 cm, an ear length of 23.65 cm, a stem/leaf ratio of 1.43 and a fresh weight/dry weight ratio of 37.86, there are 2-3 tillers generally, and the seed yield is 3 383.40 kg/hm2. [Conclusion] Summer seeding in vacant field in North China or spring seeding in Inner Mongolia could be carried out with Jicaogu 1, which is also adapt to mechanized harvest. The development of forage foxtail millet could be promoted by strengthening the extension of Jicaogu 1.

Study on the Integration of T-DNA into Lilium longiflorum

[ Objective] The aim of this study is to obtain transgenic Lilium longiflorum Thumb. [ Method] A two-step method of explant and the T-DNA integration technique were employed to transform Lilium longiflorum via Agrobacterium mediated method. [ Result] The best infection effect appeared under the OD600 value of Agrobacterium within 0.6 -0.8, the addition of 250 mg/L AS could increase the transformation efficiency. The optimal concentration of G418 for screening is 50 mg/L. Some putative transgenic plants of Lilium longiflorum with resistance to G418 showed positive in PCR, preliminarily proving that T-DNA gene had integrated into the genome of lily. [ Conclusion] The study may lay a foundation for breeding excellent lily varieties through TDNA integration technique.

Akebia ― a valuable wild fruit under domestication

Akebia is a wild fruit originating in the Yangtse river valley and the surrounding areas. It includes mainly three species （subspecies）： Akebia trifoliata, Akebia trifoliata subsp, australis, and Akebia quinata. It has many good traits, such as large fruit size, early fruit-setting and high yield, excellent eating quality, and good environmental adaptability. However, there are some shortcomings with the fruit, including thick skin, excessive number of seeds, and relatively small proportion of edible flesh. Akebia is also a traditional Chinese medicine, which has the functions of relieving internal heat and diuresis, dredging venation and improving blood circulation, cleansing facial chloasma, detoxication and anti-cancer activities. Akebia can be used as fresh fruit, for processing, and for pharmaceutical purposes. We have been undertaking a series of research on the domestication and utilization of Akebia, including cultivar selection, techniques for cultivation, storage and processing, and related basic studies. A Chinese trade name “Hehuanguo” and an English trade name “Joyfruit” have been registered for Akebia to facilitate its commercial development.

Breeding and Utilization of Japonicalinous CMS Line Chunjiang 19A with Wide Compatibility and High Outcrossing Rate

[Objective] To breed and utilize the japonicalinous cytoplasmic male sterile （CMS） line Chunjiang 19A with wide compatibility and high outcrossing rate. [Method] Cbunjiang 16A was used as the female parent to cross with Indica-Japonica crossing material B125, which was used as male parent. Backcross breeding was contin- ued for consecutive generations to breed the CMS lines with wide compatibility and high outcrossing rate. [Result] Chunjiang 19A is a late medium Japonica CMS line with good fertility stability. The proportion of sterile plants and pollen abortion rates are 100% and the Cheng＇s index is 14. It is the japonicalinous CMS line with early flowering, partial stigma exsertion, high outcrossing rate, wide compatibility, high re- sistance to stripe disease and good combining ability. The hybrid rice combinations originated from Chunjiang 19A have strong tUlering ability, dominant heterosis, high resistance to stripe disease, great yield potential and good color change at mature stage. [Conclusion] The successful breeding of Chunjiang 19A laid good foundation for the breeding of Japonica hybrid rice and Indica-Japonica hybrid rice combinations with high seed production and dominant heterosis, showing a promising application prospect.

Study on High-Eefficient Breeding Technology Platform of Dwarf Male-Sterile Wheat

[Purpose] The paper is to discuss the high-efficient breeding technology platform of dwarf male-sterile wheat.[Method] Conclusion was made upon the development of the creation and application of dwarf male-sterile wheat,and the conception of introducing haploid breeding technology into the technological system of high-efficient breeding of dwarf male-sterile wheat was proposed.[Result] Dwarf male-sterile wheat not only retains the properties of total male abortion of Taigu Genetic Sterile Wheat,steady sterility,and high hybrid rate after open pollination,but also has the characteristic of high dwarfing ability of Aibian No.1,becoming a comparatively ideal population modification means.At present,the application of dwarf male-sterile wheat mainly includes germplasm resources platform of population modification by using dwarf male-sterile wheat,technology platform of constructing new high-efficient breeding system by using dwarf male-sterile wheat,and production platform of using dwarf male-sterile wheat to breed new varieties.Through the introduction of haploid breeding into the already established wheat high-efficient breeding system,a new system of high-efficient biological breeding technology of dwarf male-sterile wheat was constructed theoretically.[Conclusion] The study provides references to the further study and application of dwarf male-sterile wheat.

Antioxidase Activities of Tetraploid Lines and Diploid Control Line of Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium

Objective The SOD, POD and APX enzyme activities of tetraploid lines and diploid control line of Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium in test-tube and field were determined in order to provide a reference for the selective breeding of high resistance good tetraploid varieties of C. cinerariifolium. Method The SOD, POD and APX activities of each sample were determined. Every material should have 3 replicates which been determined and calculated mean value to analyze. Result The various kinds of antioxidase activities in protective enzyme system of tetraploid lines were increased generally in comparison with that of diploid control line. And there is certain relativity between the samples in field and in test-tube of these lines. Conclusion The antioxidase activities of each line in test-tube could be considered as reference index to screen high resistance good tetraploid varieties of C. cinerariifolium.

Breeding and Characterization of Yunchachunhao, a New Tea Variety with Full Aroma and High Quality

[Objective] The aim of this study was to select a tea variety with full aro- ma and high quality. [Method] The quality of Yunchachunhao was identified using Yunkang 10 and Fudingdabaicha as the controls in variety comparison test, using Yunkang 10 and Dangdidayezhong as the controls in reginal test. [Result] In variety comparison test, the yield of Yunchachunhao was 39.3% more than that of Yunkang 10, and 29.6% more than that of Fudingdabaicha. In reginal test, the yield of Yun- chachunhao was 2.5% （Baoshan） and 10.2% （Lancang） more than that of Yunkang 10. The roast-dried green tea of Yunchachunhao was characterized by flowery fla- vor, good taste and bright green infused leaves. It got the total scores of 91.13 in quality identification, which was higher than that of Fudingdabaicha （90.75） and Yunkang 10 （88.85）. The steam fixed green tea of Yunchachunhao contained 28.0% polyphenols and 2.7% amino acids; and the ratio of polyphenols to amino acids was 10.4, lower than that of Fudingdabaicha （10.6） and Yunkang 10 （17.3）. Yun- chachunhao had better resistance to drought and blister blight than Yunkang 10. [Conclusion] The survival rates of cuttings and transplanted seedlings of Yun- chachunhao are higher than that of control varieties, suggesting it has better adapt- ability and can be promoted in the large-leaf tea planting area of Yunnan Province.

Variation of microfibril angle and its correlation to wood properties in poplars

The microfibril angle of seven poplar clones was determined by using X-ray diffraction technique. Microfibril angle, wood basic density, fiber length, fiber width and cellulose content were assessed for every growth ring at breast height for all sample trees. Significant variation in microfibril angle was observed among growth rings. Mean microfibril angle (MFA) at breast height varied from 7.8?to 28?between growth rings with cambial age and showed a consistent pith-to-bark trend of decline an-gles. Analysis of variance also indicated that there were significant differences in wood basic density, fiber length, fiber width and cellulose content between the growth rings, which had an increasing tendency from pith to bark. Correlations between MFA and examined wood properties were predominantly large and significant negative (?0.01), and the coefficients were -0.660 for cellulose content, -0.586 for fiber length, -0.516 for fiber width and -0.450 for wood basic density, respectively. Regression analysis with linear and curve estimation indicated that a quadratic function showed the largest R2 and the least standard error for describing the relationships between microfibril angle and measured wood properties, and the correlation coefficients were over -0.45 (n=125). The results from this study suggested that microfibril angle would be a good characteristic for improvement in the future breeding program of poplars.

Study on Rational Breeding of High-Yield Avermectin Industrial Strain

[Objective] Strain Biok Av-023 used as the control was employed on screening of high-avermectin yield mutants by rational screening.[Method] With Biok Av-023 as the original strain,the positive mutation strain was firstly screened by routine UV mutagenesis,and then the high-yield avermectin producing strain was selected by the breeding way inferred by L-Ile induction.[Result] UV mutation and L-Ile directional screening had showed that the best L-Ile screening concentration was 0.5%,and the high-yield mutation strain AV60s-32 after re-screening reached the highest titer of 4520 IU/ml,which increased by 23.4% compared with the original strain.[Conclusion] The production of avermectin can be effectively enhanced by the combined way of UV mutation and L-Ile rational breeding.

Primary Study of Rice AFLP Analysis Optimization of Reaction Conditions and Analysis of Thermo sensitive Genic Male Sterile Rice Allelic Mutant Lines

AFLP analysis was performed between a pair of thermo_sensitive genic male sterile (TGMS) rice allelic mutant lines (5460S and 5460F). The reaction conditions for rice AFLP assay were optimized. The relative efficiencies for polymorphism detection of RFLP, RAPD and AFLP were compared. The results indicated that the efficiency for polymorphism detection in rice was in the order of AFLP>RAPD>RFLP, and also indicated that AFLP was a powerful DNA molecular marker technique for polymorphism detection, especially in the case of extremely low polymorphism, such as isogenic lines and allelic mutant lines. Some of the AFLP products between the TGMS rice allelic mutant lines were cloned. Three of them were used as mixed probes to screen BAC library of rice line 5460S. 12 positive clones were screened out. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of these three molecular marker systems were discussed.

Breeding of New Maize Variety ‘Wan-de No.1' with High Quality, High Yield and Multi-resistance

Considering the ecological environment of Sichuan area, an experiment was conducted to breed new maize varieties with high yield, high quality, multi re- sistance and wide adaptability. According to the principle of gene recombination, the authors combined the local tropical germplasm with PB germplasm, which was rich in disease-resistant, lodging-resistant and drought-tolerant genes, and the integration was used as the innovative strategy for breeding. Inbred-line ＇LSC 107＇ was suc- cessfully bred and the new maize hybrid ＇Wande No.l＇ was bred by crossing ＇LSC 107＇ with ＇Yi 99-19＇. The results showed that the maize hybrid had good performance, including high yield, good stability, high quality, excellent disease re- sistance and lodging resistance, and wide adaptation. So it was adaptable for plant- ing in plain and hilly areas of Sichuan Province. With hybrid recombination between local tropical germplasm and PB inbred lines, the inbred-line had high general com- bining ability and strong adaptability, and the hybrid had high yield, high quality and wide adaptability, and had broad prospects of popularization and application.