“透法”在外感热病中的运用

外感之邪从口鼻、皮毛侵袭人体,肺卫首先受邪。在外感病初期,肺卫失宣是病机的关键,治疗应重在宣通肺卫。外感风寒邪气,寒邪直接损伤卫阳,郁遏肺气,治当辛温解表。外感风热邪气,阳邪郁遏气机,损伤津液,易化燥化火,甚则内陷生变,治当辛凉解表。湿热邪气从口鼻、皮毛而入,初起即表现为卫气同病,治当宣化表里湿热。燥气为病,易伤肺脏、耗津液,与热相合则易化热化火,而成温燥,治宜辛凉甘润。外感热病初起,六淫邪气侵袭肺卫,气机郁滞,进而津停成饮、成痰;气有余便是火,郁滞之气化燥化火,甚则动血。治疗总则为宣通气机,此即"透法"之运用。故在外感热病初起的治疗中,贵在把握气机状态,让肺卫之气宣畅,正气宣布,则邪气潜消。

透视分离法与近代汉语语音研究──兼评《李氏音鉴音系研究》的方法论价值

研究方法是近代汉语语音研究中亟待创新的部分，杨亦鸣在对《李氏音鉴》音系的研究实践中进行了有益的尝试，创获了“透视分离法”， 为近代汉语语音研究提供了一种行之有效的新的研究方法，对此可从近代音研究的基本方法、透视分离法的研究实践、透视分离法的影响三个方面对透视分离法在汉语音韵学上的方法论价值作探讨。

杨兆刚教授应用“透刺法”临证举隅

现介绍杨兆刚教授应用的 5种“透刺法” :横刺沿皮透、斜刺平透、直刺深透、定向深透、弯刺透穴。“透刺法”灵活多样 。

“透刺经筋法”治疗面瘫临床研究

[目的]探讨透刺经筋法治疗面瘫的临床疗效及其机制。[方法]选择面瘫患者74例 ,随机分为治疗组与对照组 ,治疗组44例 ,采用透刺经筋法进行治疗 ,对照组30例 ,采用常规针刺法治疗。[结果]透刺经筋组治疗效果优于对照组。[结论]透刺经筋法治疗面瘫疗效确切。

透刺吞咽针法与普通针刺法治疗脑梗死后吞咽功能障碍的效果及对吞咽功能、表面肌电图的影响

目的:分析“透刺吞咽针法”与普通针刺法治疗脑梗死后吞咽功能障碍的效果及对吞咽功能、表面肌电图的影响。方法:选取2015年6月至2020年6月在我院接受治疗的100例脑梗死后吞咽功能障碍患者,根据随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组,各50例,对照组实施普通针刺法治疗,观察组实施“透刺吞咽针法”治疗,对比两组吞咽功能、表面肌电图等的具体变化。结果:治疗后,两组患者吞咽功能分级结果均明显改善,但两组之间对比无统计学差异(P>0.05);观察组临床恢复总效率明显高于对照组,两组患者洼田饮水评分均明显降低,观察组洼田饮水评分明显低于对照组,两组患者最大波幅值明显升高而吞咽时间明显减少,观察组最大波幅值明显高于对照组而吞咽时间明显低于对照组,对比均有统计学差异(P<0.05)。两组不良事件发生情况与安全性评价结果对比无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论“透刺吞咽针法”可进一步提高脑梗死后吞咽功能障碍患者的恢复效率,改善其吞咽功能,增强相关吞咽肌群的恢复能力,且安全有保障,具有一定的临床推广治疗价值。

从“透邪外出”法对邪毒侵心型急性病毒性心肌炎心肌功能指标及预后的影响

目的 研究分析从“透邪外出”法对邪毒侵心型急性病毒性心肌炎心肌功能指标及预后的影响。方法 以2019年11月—2021年7月于医院心内科收治入院的156例急性病毒性心肌炎患者作为本次研究对象,全部患者采用随机数字表法分层抽样随机分为观察组(78例)和对照组(78例),对照组患者常规营养心肌、抗病毒治疗,观察组患者在对照组基础上给予自拟透邪清心汤治疗。对比治疗效果、治疗前后中医症状评分和心肌酶谱。结果 经不同方案治疗后,观察组患者治疗总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组患者心悸、发热、胸闷、咽痛等中医症状评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,两组各项评分均明显低于治疗前,观察组各项评分明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组患者血清肌酸激酶(creatine kinase, CK),肌钙蛋白I(cardiac troponin, cTnI)及肌酸激酶同工酶-MB(creatine kinase isoenzyme, CK-MB)含量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,两组血清CK、nTnl及CK-MB含量均明显低于治疗前,且观察组明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 采用“透邪外出”法治疗邪毒侵心型急性病毒性心肌炎可以有效降低患者血清心肌酶含量,治疗效果显著,值得临床推广应用。

用极大似然法研究部分熔透十字接头疲劳性能

利用极大似然法测试疲劳寿命曲线,研究未熔透尺寸对十字接头疲劳强度的影响。应用有限元方法,可确定疲劳裂纹的开裂位置(焊根或焊趾)。经疲劳试验表明,极大似然法实用性及曲线拟合合理性较好,而且十字焊接接头存在一个临界未熔透尺寸,低于临界值,承受轴向载荷作用的焊接接头疲劳强度不会受到影响。

A holographic optical communication system based on RSA algorithm and quaternion function

A facile encryption way was successfully applied to the holographic optical encryption system with high speed,multidimensionality,and high capacity,which provided a better security solution for underwater communication.The reconstructed optical security system for information transmission was based on wavelengthλand focal length f that were keys to encryption and decryption.To finish the secure data transmission(λ,f)between sender and receiver,an extended Rivest-Shamir-Adleman(ERSA)algorithm for the encryption was achieved based on three-dimension quaternion function.Therein,the Pollard’s rho method was used for the evaluation and comparison of RSA and ERSA algorithms.The results demonstrate that the message encrypted by the ERSA algorithm has better security than that by RSA algorithm in the face of unpredictability and complexity of information transmission on the unsecure acoustic channel.

Effect of Cu-Excess on the Electrical Properties of Cu_xAlO_2(1≤x≤1.06)

Cu-excess CuxAlO2 ceramics with delafossite phases were synthesized using sol-gel. In the composition range of 1≤x〈1. 04,there are no detectable non-delafossite phases. Weak diffraction peaks of CuO are observed when x ≥1.04. The room temperature conductivity of the CU1.04AlO2 sample is improved by nearly an order of magnitude over that of the CuAlO2 sample. The major defect mechanism responsible for the conductivity enhancement is proposed to be substitution defects of CuAl （Cu^2 ＋ ions substitute Al^3 ＋ ions）. The composition formula unit for Cu-excess Cux AlO2 may be expressed as Cu（All yCuy）O2.

IMPACTS OF PENETRATION THERAPY WITH HEAD ELECTRICAL ACUPUNCTURE ON PROLIFERATION OF NEURAL STEM CELLS IN SUBSTANTIA NIGRA OF RAT MODEL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE

Objective To probe into the function mechanism of penetration therapy with head electrical acupuncture on Parkinson＇s disease. Methods Microinjection of 6-hydroxydopamin （6-OHDA） on the left cor- pus striatum was adopted to prepare rotation model of Parkinson^s disease in rat. Penetration therapy with head electrical acupuncture was administered in treatment. Normal group, sham-operation group, model group and penetration therapy group were set up. （1）lmmunohistochemical （IHC） method was used to test the morphology and count of positive cell of tyrosine hydroxylase （TH）. （2）RT-PCR technology was used to detect the expression of nestin mRNA of neural stem cell （NSC）. Results （1）Compared with model group, in pene- tration therapy group, the expressions of TH-positive neurons in immune response were increased in areal density （AD）, numerical density （ND） and integrating optic density （P〈0.05）. （2）Compared with model group, in penetration therapy group, the expression of nestin mRNA was increased （P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Penetration therapy with head electrical acupuncture promotes the proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells in substantia nigra of rat model of Parkinson＇s disease.

FINITE ELEMENT-ARTIFICIAL TRANSMITTING BOUNDARY METHOD FOR WAVE SCATTERING FROM IRREGULAR CYLINDER

The finite element artificial transmitting boundary method is employed here to treat the near field scattering of a cylindrical wave from an irregular cylinder. A comparison is made between this method and the analytical one. And then examples are given to demonstrate the solution of several problems of the irregular object scattering. The method can not only produce clear physical pictures, but can efficiently handle many complicated scattering problems.

The Effects of Some Penetration Enhancers on the Transdermal Iontophoretic Delivery of Insulin in Vitro *

The effects of some commonly used penetration enhancers such as laurocapram (AZ), oleic acid (OA), poloxamer (POL) and propylene glycol (PG) on the in vitro transdermal iontophoretic delivery of insulin through full-thickness mouse skin were investigated. The results showed that AZ had a synergistic effect on iontophoretic ability to enhance skin permeation of insulin, and PG could further increase this effect. 5% AZ / PG increased the iontophoretic steady state flux of insulin by a factor of 2.75 compared to that treated with iontophoresis alone. OA did not further enhance iontophoretic effect to increase skin permeation of insulin. The combination of iontophoresis and some enhancer provided a novel idea and possibility for transdermal delivery of insulin.

Effects of dip-coated BN interphase on mechanical properties of SiC_f/SiC composites prepared by CVI process

BN interphase was successfully synthesized on SiC fiber fabrics by dip-coating process using boric acid and urea as precursors under N2 atmosphere. The morphology of BN interphase was observed by SEM, and the structure was characterized by XRD and FT-IR spectra. The SiCf/SiC composites with dip-coated BN interphase were fabricated by chemical vapor infiltration （CVI） process, and the effects ofBN interphase on the mechanical properties of composites were investigated. The results show that the SiC fibers are fully covered by BN interphase with smooth surface and turbostratic structure （t-BN）, and the thickness is about 0.4 μm. The flexural strengths of SiCf/SiC composites with and without BN interphase are about 180 and 95 MPa, respectively. Compared with the as-received SiCf/SiC composites, the composites with BN interphase exhibit an obvious toughened fracture behavior. From the microstructural analysis, it can be confirmed that the BN interphase plays a key part in protecting the fibers from chemical attack during matrix infiltration and weakening interfacial bonding, which can improve the mechanical properties of SiCf/SiC composites remarkably.

基于“疮疡理论”辨治新型冠状病毒肺炎

【目的】结合舌象与临床特点探讨基于“疮疡理论”辨治新型冠状病毒肺炎(新冠肺炎)的可行性。【方法】通过总结惠州地区58例新冠肺炎患者的舌象与临床特点,分析新冠肺炎与疮疡的相似性,提出基于“疮疡理论”辨治新冠肺炎的治则。【结果】惠州地区58例新冠肺炎确诊患者舌象以红或红暗舌[53.45%(31/58)]、腻苔[86.21%(50/58)]为主,多数伴有齿痕舌[55.17%(32/58)]、裂纹舌[43.10%(25/58)]、胖大舌[24.14%(14/58)];首发症状以发热[62.07%(36/58)]多见,入院后常见症状有咳嗽[55.17%(32/58)]、口干口苦[55.17%(32/58)]、便溏[55.17%(32/58)]等;胸部影像学检查提示肺部有渗出灶者占94.83%(55/58)。【结论】根据舌象与临床特点,可知新冠肺炎的病因以“湿”为主,且多有“湿毒化热”之象,进一步研究发现新冠肺炎与疮疡在中医病因病机、西医病因病理、临床症状、传变规律方面存在互通之处,提示基于“疮疡理论”,以“透、清、补”三法分期辨治新冠肺炎,具有一定的合理性,值得临床借鉴。

Liquid penetration of freeze-drying and air-drying wood of plantation Chinese fir

A comparative study was conducted on liquid penetration of the freeze-drying and air-drying sapwood and heartwood lumber of plantation Chinese fir （Cunninghamia lanceolata）. The maximum amount of dyeing solution uptake by the capillary rise method was used to evaluate the liquid penetration properties of the treated wood. The pit aspiration ratio was determined by semithin section method. Changes in wood microstructure were investigated using scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that compared with air drying, the freeze drying had a significant effect on liquid penetration of sapwood and heartwood of Chinese fir. The liquid penetration of sapwood is significantly higher than that of the heartwood for both drying treatments. Low pit aspiration ratio and cracks of pits membrane of some bordered pits are the main reasons for increasing liquid penetration after freeze drying treatment.

The Value of the Measurement of Urinary Hyaluronic Acid Levels for the Diagnosis of Bladder Cancer

Objective To investigate the value of the measurement of urinary hyaluronic acid (HA) levels for the diagnosis of bladder cancer and the possibility of replacing ELISA-like assay with radioimmunoassay to detect the levels of urinary HA. Methods Using the ELISA-like assay and radioimmunoassay at the same time to measure the HA levels in the urine specimens from 49 bladder cancer patients, 12 benign bladder tumor patients, 30 other genitourinary disease patients and 20 normal controls. Results There is not much difference between the consequences of the urinary HA levels whether we used the ELISA-like assay or radioimmunoassay to detect every specimen (P>0.05). When we used the results with radioimmunoassay for analysis, we found the levels of urinary HA of bladder cancer patients were 2–4 times than those of the benign bladder tumor patients, other genitourinary disease patients or normal individuals (P<0.01); With 137.5 ngHA/mg protein (113.6±23.9 ng/mg) as a minimum cutoff limit, this assay had a good sensitivity (91.8%) and specificity (91.9%) for the diagnosis of bladder cancer. Its difference in sensitivity meant a lot when compared with urine cytology (48.9%,P<0.01). Conclusion The urinary HA assay is a simple, convenient, noninvasive credible and cheap method with satisfactory sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of bladder carcinoma; radioimmunoassay is also a good means to measure the urinary HA levels. Key words Bladder carcinoma - Hyaluronic acid - Urine

Membrane Engineering for Green Process Engineering

Green process engineering, which is based on the principles of the process intensification strategy, can provide an important contribution toward achieving industrial sustainable development. Green process engineering refers to innovative equipment and process methods that are expected to bring about substan- tial improvements in chemical and any other manufacturing and processing aspects. It includes decreasing production costs, equipment size, energy consumption, and waste generation, and improving remote con- trol, information fluxes, and process flexibility. Membrane-based technology assists in the pursuit of these principles, and the potential of membrane operations has been widely recognized in the last few years. This work starts by presenting an overview of the membrane operations that are utilized in water treatment and in the production of energy and raw materials. Next, it describes the potential advantages of innovative membrane-based integrated systems. A case study on an integrated membrane system （IMS） for seawa- ter desalination coupled with raw materials production is presented. The aim of this work is to show how membrane systems can contribute to the realization of the goals of zero liquid discharge （ZLD）, total raw materials utilization, and low energy consumption.

Expression and Identification of Mycoplasma penetrans P35 Lipoprotein

Objective: To study the biological activity of Myco-plasma penetrans 35kDa lipoprotein(P35) in vitro, prokaryotic expression vector pQE31//p35 was constructed and recombinant fusion protein P35 (rP35) was expressed in E.coli. Methods: The p35 gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR), cloned to pQE31, and a positive clone was screened. PCR-mediated mutagenesis was used to change the two "TGA" triplets to "TGG" triplets within the p35 gene. Production of the recombinant protein was induced by the addition of IPTG to the E.coli culture. rP35 was purified with a Ni-NTA Spin Kit and rP35 purification was analyzed by Western blot. Results: About 1Kb PCR amplification was cloned into pQE31. The two "TGA" triplets within the p35 gene were successfully changed to "TGG" triplets. The pQE31/p35 vector expressed a protein with a calculated molecular mass of 37.4kDa in E.coli. Western blot indicated the 37.4kDa protein was rP35 . Conclusion: PQE31/p35, a prokaryotic expression vector containing p35 gene, was successfully constructed and expressed in E.coli.

Clinical research on navel application of Shehuang Paste combined with Chinese herbal colon dialysis in treatment of refractory cirrhotic ascites complicated with azotemia

AIM: To explore the efficacy and mechanism of a novel therapeutic method of traditional Chinese medicine in patients with refractory cirrhotic ascites complicated with azotemia. METHODS: Seventy-five cases of refractory cirrhotic ascites complicated with azotemia were randomly divided into 3 groups: comprehensive treatment (n = 29), simple treatment (n = 24), and control (n = 22). The basic treatment methods were the same in all groups, including liver protecting medicines, diuretics and supportive drugs. The control group underwent only the basic treatment. Shehuang Paste (SHP) was applied to the navels of the two treatment groups once a day for 30 d. Colon dialysis with Chinese herbs was administered to the comprehensive treatment group once every two days. Before and after treatment, we measured abdominal circumference, BUN, Cr, serum Na+, urine Na+/K+, liver function, endotoxin content, NO, and ET-1. Color Doppler ultrasonography was conducted to measure the portal vein blood flow. RESULTS: The total effective rate for ascites was 72.4% in the comprehensive treatment group, 45.8% in the simple treatment, contrasting with 18.2% in the controls. Between the two treatment groups and the controls, there were significant differences in the effective rates (P < 0.01, and P < 0.05). There was also a significant difference (P < 0.05) between the two treatment groups. Measurements of Cr and BUN showed higher values for the treatment groups, with the comprehensive better than the simple group (P < 0.05). Sera Na, urineNa/K were different, P < 0.01 between pre- and post- treatment in the comprehensive group, and P < 0.05 in the simple group. The treatment groups’ endotoxin content was also significantly reduced (P < 0.01, and P < 0.05), with the comprehensive group better than the simple group (P < 0.05). Portal vein blood flow and NO content significantly reduced (P < 0.05), as did ET-1 content (P < 0.01). There were no significant changes in the control group (P > 0.05). The comprehensive treatment group’s pre- and post-treatment portal vein and splenic vein blood flows showed a positive correlation to NO, ET-1 and endotoxin contents.CONCLUSION: When treating refractory cirrhotic ascites complicated with azotemia, Shehuang Paste combined with Chinese herbal dialysis is better than Shehuang Paste alone for ascites resolution, azotemia, and endotoxin elimination. However, both methods on their own were also effective for reducing portal and splenic vein blood flow, and lowering the contents of NO, ET-1 in the two treatment groups.

Laser ultrasonic technique for surface defects detection of 6061 aluminum alloy

In order to estimate and detect the surface defect depth of metals, the transmission method of laser ultrasonic surface waves is used in this work. The laser ultrasonic detection platform taking use of thermoelastic mechanism as acoustic signal excitation method and interference receiver as acoustic signal receiver method was built, by which B-scan images of detected specimens with surface defects were collected to establish the relationship between the transmission coefficient and depth of the surface defect. Experimental results show that the amplitude of transmitted acoustic signal is related to the depth of surface defect. At last, a fitted curve of transmission coefficient using measured experimental data is obtained to estimate depth of surface defect on the 6061 aluminum alloy. Furthermore, a surface defect depth of 0.3 mm is estimated by the fitting curve with an estimated error of 16%. Therefore, a experimental method using the transmission method by laser ultrasonic is presented in this paper.