Urban competitiveness has been the hot topic for researches and studies over years. The aim of this paper is to elaborate urban competitiveness. First, definition of competitiveness is discussed in detail and then the...Urban competitiveness has been the hot topic for researches and studies over years. The aim of this paper is to elaborate urban competitiveness. First, definition of competitiveness is discussed in detail and then the differences of competitiveness of nations and enterprises are presented. In Section 2, urban competitiveness is defined. Since the assessment of urban competitiveness is the focus of many studies, Section 3 elaborates four models or frameworks for assessing urbancompetitiveness. Last, but by no means the least, Chengdu has been discussed as a case on how to improve urban competitiveness. Three suggestions are put forward, which are clustering strategy, more efficient governance and urban marketing campaigns respectively.展开更多
The motivation is an employee＇s internal relationship in the form of behaviour directed towards a specific goal and is manifested as an important factor for overall organisation performance. The goal of any business ...The motivation is an employee＇s internal relationship in the form of behaviour directed towards a specific goal and is manifested as an important factor for overall organisation performance. The goal of any business is to motivate employees to perform work with the maximum results. The work motivation is complex and dynamic feature of human resources and influences to motivation are very broad and diverse. The material forms of motivation are different compensation that employees receive for their work in the company. They appear in the financial and non-financial forms （paid or in the form of various services）. The goal of this research is to identify the main factors of human resources motivation in financial institutions （banks）. The questionnaire will be used as a research instrument and consists of two parts. The first part of the questionnaire will focus on socio-demographic characteristics and the second part concentrates on the motivation variables of material and immaterial character. Applying adequate knowledge discovery research methods will be identified as the main motivation components of selling persons in financial institutions.展开更多
Employing Grossman and Helpman＇s ＂protection for sale＂ model, this article uses data on anti-dumping actions from 1999 to 2009 to perform a quantitative analysis of factors influencing India＇s determinations of an...Employing Grossman and Helpman＇s ＂protection for sale＂ model, this article uses data on anti-dumping actions from 1999 to 2009 to perform a quantitative analysis of factors influencing India＇s determinations of anti-dumping duties against China, and reveals the micro-formation mechanism of economic conflicts between China and India. We find that the political power of India＇s anti-dumping plaintiffs markedly increases the tariff level of its final determinations and that the relationship between the import penetration ratio and duty rates depends upon whether the plaintiffs are politically organized. Further, there is a significant positive correlation between India＇s anti-dumping duty rates and its unfavorable trade balance with China. This indicates that in determining anti-dumping duties, Indian authorities are clearly influenced by the political clout of their domestic interest groups. They are also motivated by the desire to keep down China and gain the upper hand in the face-off between the ＂dragon and the elephant.＂展开更多
文摘Urban competitiveness has been the hot topic for researches and studies over years. The aim of this paper is to elaborate urban competitiveness. First, definition of competitiveness is discussed in detail and then the differences of competitiveness of nations and enterprises are presented. In Section 2, urban competitiveness is defined. Since the assessment of urban competitiveness is the focus of many studies, Section 3 elaborates four models or frameworks for assessing urbancompetitiveness. Last, but by no means the least, Chengdu has been discussed as a case on how to improve urban competitiveness. Three suggestions are put forward, which are clustering strategy, more efficient governance and urban marketing campaigns respectively.
文摘The motivation is an employee＇s internal relationship in the form of behaviour directed towards a specific goal and is manifested as an important factor for overall organisation performance. The goal of any business is to motivate employees to perform work with the maximum results. The work motivation is complex and dynamic feature of human resources and influences to motivation are very broad and diverse. The material forms of motivation are different compensation that employees receive for their work in the company. They appear in the financial and non-financial forms （paid or in the form of various services）. The goal of this research is to identify the main factors of human resources motivation in financial institutions （banks）. The questionnaire will be used as a research instrument and consists of two parts. The first part of the questionnaire will focus on socio-demographic characteristics and the second part concentrates on the motivation variables of material and immaterial character. Applying adequate knowledge discovery research methods will be identified as the main motivation components of selling persons in financial institutions.
基金an interim product of"Research into a Strategic System to Enable Chinese Enterprises to Cope with Trade Barriers against the Background of Prevailing International Trade Protectionism,"a project funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Youth(71203228)
文摘Employing Grossman and Helpman＇s ＂protection for sale＂ model, this article uses data on anti-dumping actions from 1999 to 2009 to perform a quantitative analysis of factors influencing India＇s determinations of anti-dumping duties against China, and reveals the micro-formation mechanism of economic conflicts between China and India. We find that the political power of India＇s anti-dumping plaintiffs markedly increases the tariff level of its final determinations and that the relationship between the import penetration ratio and duty rates depends upon whether the plaintiffs are politically organized. Further, there is a significant positive correlation between India＇s anti-dumping duty rates and its unfavorable trade balance with China. This indicates that in determining anti-dumping duties, Indian authorities are clearly influenced by the political clout of their domestic interest groups. They are also motivated by the desire to keep down China and gain the upper hand in the face-off between the ＂dragon and the elephant.＂
