“闪下”内涵与表演形态的演进

“闪下”作为一种戏曲术语,最早在元刊本中就已出现,用来表示虚拟的下场行为,并含有急切、躲闪之意。受到戏曲题材及人物脚色的影响,“闪下”的内涵和功能也不断丰富,与故事情节联系愈加紧密,在烘托氛围、塑造人物方面,亦发挥着独到作用,尤其与鬼魂角色搭配时,更衍生出特定的表演程式。由此,“闪下”不再是随时可被他词所替的状态,并脱离了原初的虚拟意义,成为一种实质性的下场动作。虽然仅是一个细小的科介提示,“闪下”的演变,既反映着剧本体制不断完善发展的过程,更揭示出戏曲创作从“曲本位”到“剧本位”的脉络走向,它的存在与意义不应被忽视。

Enlarged accessory spleen presenting stomach submucosal tumor

A 62-year-old man presented with upper abdominal discomfort underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Gastroscopy and endoscopic ultrasonography revealed a submucosal tumor (SMT) with homogenous echogenicity originated from extragastric organs. An abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) showed that the well-marginated ovoid mass, approximately 6 cm in diameter, enhanced homogenously to a similar degree as splenic parenchyma. 99mTechnetium sulfur colloid scintigraphy revealed the splenic nature of the mass. A diagnosis of accessory spleen mimicking gastric SMT was made. Subsequent follow-up was uneventful without performing splenectomy.