浅谈基本逻辑门的综合分析与对照

本文主要从不同方面对在教学中数字电路中的基本逻辑门进行分析对照,便于学生综合理解与掌握。

Gated Neural Network-Based Unsteady Aerodynamic Modeling for Large Angles of Attack

Modeling of unsteady aerodynamic loads at high angles of attack using a small amount of experimental or simulation data to construct predictive models for unknown states can greatly improve the efficiency of aircraft unsteady aerodynamic design and flight dynamics analysis.In this paper,aiming at the problems of poor generalization of traditional aerodynamic models and intelligent models,an intelligent aerodynamic modeling method based on gated neural units is proposed.The time memory characteristics of the gated neural unit is fully utilized,thus the nonlinear flow field characterization ability of the learning and training process is enhanced,and the generalization ability of the whole prediction model is improved.The prediction and verification of the model are carried out under the maneuvering flight condition of NACA0015 airfoil.The results show that the model has good adaptability.In the interpolation prediction,the maximum prediction error of the lift and drag coefficients and the moment coefficient does not exceed 10%,which can basically represent the variation characteristics of the entire flow field.In the construction of extrapolation models,the training model based on the strong nonlinear data has good accuracy for weak nonlinear prediction.Furthermore,the error is larger,even exceeding 20%,which indicates that the extrapolation and generalization capabilities need to be further optimized by integrating physical models.Compared with the conventional state space equation model,the proposed method can improve the extrapolation accuracy and efficiency by 78%and 60%,respectively,which demonstrates the applied potential of this method in aerodynamic modeling.

基于生物燃料电池智能逻辑生物传感器的研究进展

基于生物燃料电池技术发展的智能逻辑生物传感器,具有智能化、装置一体化、不需外接电源即可反映多种目标物存在以及复杂样品中各种物质间关系等优点,可作为智能化装置应用于医学检测、诊断以及药物控释。重点综述了基于生物燃料电池发展的自供电式逻辑生物传感器的工作原理,及其近五年应用于体内环境生理活性物质复杂关系分析等方面的研究进展,并对今后的研究趋势进行了展望。

STUDY ON NON LINEAR VIBRATION RESPONSE OF PLATE GATES *

This paper deals with the vertical vibration, the horizontal translatory and flexural vibrations of plate gate with a flat bottom under the action of unstable submerged underflow. Based on a non linear resonant oscillator model by which the coupled excitation mechanism between the unstable vortices and gate motion can be simulated, the differential equations for the three types of gate vibrations are established. The parameters in the equations are determined by model experiments. Then, the steady state non linear responses of the three types of gate vibrations are calculated. The calculation results are in good agreement with the experimental data of gate vibrations with different reduced velocity and gate parameters by previous researchers.

Peculiar Nonlinear Depletion in Double-Layered Gated Si-δ-Doped GaAs

The low-temperature measurement of Hall effect of the two-dimensional electron system in a double-layered gated Si-δ-doped GaAs is presented.A complex peculiar nonlinear dependence of the depletion on gate voltage is observed.The nonlinearity is also explained on the basis of the assumption that the double-capacity model consists of two δ-doped two-dimensional electron layers and a metallic gate,and the experimental result that the electron mobility is linear with the electron density on a log-log scale.

Selective Atom-Cavity Interaction Scheme for Quantum Controlled-NOT Gate Using Four-Level Atoms in Cavity QED System

We propose a scheme for realization a quantum Controlled-NOT gate operation using two four-level atoms through a selective atom cavity interaction in cavity quantum electrodynamics system. In our protocol, the quantum information is encoded on the stable ground states of the two atoms. During the interaction between atoms and single-mode vacuum cavity-field, the atomic spontaneous emission is negligible as the large atom-cavity detuning effectively suppresses the spontaneous decay of the atoms. The influences of the dissipation and the deviation of interaction time on fidelity and corresponding success probability of the quantum Controlled-NOT gate and the experimental feasibility of our proposal are also discussed.

Synchronization of a Class of Delayed Neural Networks with Sector Nonlinearity

In this paper, global synchronization is discussed for a general class of delayed neural networks with time-varying and distributed delays. Furthermore, the activation func- tions in the neural networks can be different type. Based on the drive-response concept and the Lyapunov stability theorem, some sufficient criteria are obtained to guarantee the global synchronization of the considered models even when input sector nonlinearity caused by physical limitations is presented in response systems. Finally, a typical example is also given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed synchronization scheme.

Acellular extracellular matrix anal fistula plug:Results in high fistula-in-ano awaited

Song et al have reported a 100% success rate of acellular extracellular matrix (AEM) anal fistula plug in low fistula-in-ano. The results with this product in high fistula-in-ano are keenly awaited.

Non-invasive diagnosis of gastric mucosal atrophy in an asymptomatic population with high prevalence of gastric cancer

AIM: To validate a non-invasive method to detect gastric mucosal atrophy in a Chilean population with high prevalence of gastric cancer and a poor survival rate. METHODS: We first determined the optimal cut-off level of serum pepsinogen (PG)-1, PG-1/PG-2 ratio and 17-gastrin in 31 voluntary symptomatic patients (mean age: 66.1 years), of them 61% had histologically confirmed gastric atrophy. Then, in a population-based sample of 536 healthy individuals (209 residents in counties with higher relative risk and 327 residents in counties with lower relative risk for gastric cancer), we measured serum anti-H pylori antibodies, PG and 17-gastrin and estimated their risk of gastric cancer. RESULTS: We found that serum PG-1 < 61.5 μg/L, PG-1/PG-2 ratio < 2.2 and 17-gastrin > 13.3 pmol/L had a high specificity (91%-100%) and a fair sensitivity (56%-78%) to detect corpus-predominant atrophy. Based on low serum PG-1 and PG-1/PG-2 ratio together as diagnostic criteria, 12.5% of the asymptomatic subjects had corpus-predominant atrophy (0% of those under 25 years and 20.2% over 65 years old). The frequency of gastric atrophy was similar (12% vs 13%) but H pylori infection rate was slightly higher (77% vs 71%) in the high-risk compared to the low-risk counties. Based on their estimated gastric cancer risk, individuals were classified as: low-risk group (no H pylori infection and no atrophy; n = 115; 21.4%); moderate-risk group(H pylori infection but no atrophy; n = 354, 66.0%); and high-risk group (gastric atrophy, with or without H pylori infection; n = 67, 12.5%). The high-risk group was significantly older (mean age: 61.9 ± 13.3 years), more frequently men and less educated as compared with the low-risk group. CONCLUSION: We propose to concentrate on an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for detection of early gastric cancer in the high-risk group. This intervention model could improve the poor prognosis of gastric cancer in Chile.

A anorectal fistula treatment with acellular extracellular matrix: A new technique

AIM: To investigate a new technique of the anorectal fistula treatment with acellular extracellular matrix (AEM). METHODS: Thirty patients with anorectal fistula were treated with AEM. All fistula tracts and primary openings were identified using conventional fistula probe. All tracts were curetted with curet and irrigated with hydrogen peroxide and metronidazole. The AEM was pulled into the fistula tract from secondary to primary opening. The material was secured at the level of the primary opening. The excess AEM was trimmed at skin level at the secondary opening. RESULTS: All of the 30 patients had successful closure of their fistula after a 7-14 d follow-up. The healing rate of anal fistula in treatment group was 100%. The ache time, healing time and anal deformation of treatment group were obviously superior to traditional surgical methods. CONCLUSION: Using AEM anal fistula plug in treatment that causes the anorectal fistula is safe and successful in 100% of patients. It can reduce pain, shorten disease course and protect anal function.

A Scheme for Simulation of Quantum Gates by Abelian Anyons

Anyons can be used to realize quantum computation, because they are two-level systems in two dimensions. In this paper, we propose a scheme to simulate single-qubit gates and CNOT gate using Abelian anyons in the Kitaev model. Two pairs of anyons （six spins） are used to realize single-qubit gates, while ten spins are needed for the CNOT gate. Based on these quantum gates, we show how to realize the Grover algorithm in a two-qubit system.

Effects of Unequal Couplings on Fidelity of a Quantum Controlled-Controlled-Not Gate

By numerically solving the Sch6dinger equation of a three-nuclear-spin system, the effects of the non-uniform nearest-neighbor （NN） interaction on the fidelity of a quantum controlled-controlled-no （CCN） gate are investigated for a digital initial state and a superposition initial state respectively. It is found from our simulation that the ratio of the deviation of the NN coupling δJ to the NN coupling J should be smaller than 0.0005 to ensure a high fidelity of the quantum CCN gate.

Impact of Helicobacter pylori infection on histological changes in non-erosive reflux disease

AIM:The evidence for an association between Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) and gastroesophageal reflux disease,either in non-erosive (NERD) or erosive esophagitis (ERD) remains uncertain.The available data on the histological changes in NERD and the effect on Hpyloriinfection on them are elusive. The aim of this study therefore was to prospectively evaluate the histological findings and the impact of Hpyloriinfection on a group of symptomatic patients with NERD. METHODS:Fifty consecutive patients were prospectively evaluated for symptoms compatible with GORD.In all cases, routine endoscopy and lugol directed biopsies were performed and assessed histologically in a blinded manner. RESULTS:The overall prevalence of Hpyloriinfection was 70%.Twenty-nine patients out of 50 (58%) were NERD patients.No statistical significance was observed between the H pyloristatus and NERD.The remaining 21 (42%) were diagnosed as follows:13 (26%),6 (12%),2(4%) with esophagitis grade A,B and C respectively.A statistically significant correlation was observed between the Hpylori+ and esophagitis grade A,as well as between Hpylori-and grade B.Biopsies from 2 patients were not included because of insufficient materials.Histologically,a basal zone hyperplasia was found in 47 (97.91%) patients,alterations of glycogen content in 47 (97.91%),papillae elongation in 33 (68.75%), blood vessels dilatation in 35(72.91%),chronic inflammation in 21 (43.75%),infiltration with eosinophils,neutophils and T-lymphocytes in 4 (8.33%),6 (12.5%) and 39 (81.25%) respectively.No correlation was observed between the Hpyloristatus and the histological parameters studied either in NERD or GERD. CONCLUSION:Histological assessment can not differentiate symptomatic patients with erosive versus non-erosive reflux disease.Moreover,Hpyloriinfection may not act as an important factor in patients with NERD.

Asymmetrical Quantum Encryption Protocol Based on Quantum Search Algorithm

Quantum cryptography and quantum search algorithm are considered as two important research topics in quantum information science.An asymmetrical quantum encryption protocol based on the properties of quantum one-way function and quantum search algorithm is proposed.Depending on the no-cloning theorem and trapdoor one-way functions of the publickey,the eavesdropper cannot extract any private-information from the public-keys and the ciphertext.Introducing key-generation randomized logarithm to improve security of our proposed protocol,i.e.,one privatekey corresponds to an exponential number of public-keys.Using unitary operations and the single photon measurement,secret messages can be directly sent from the sender to the receiver.The security of the proposed protocol is proved that it is informationtheoretically secure.Furthermore,compared the symmetrical Quantum key distribution,the proposed protocol is not only efficient to reduce additional communication,but also easier to carry out in practice,because no entangled photons and complex operations are required.

Tegafur-uracil-induced rapid development of advanced hepatic fibrosis

Tegafur-uracil has been reported to have only minor adverse effects and is associated with liver injury in 1.79% of Japanese patients. The development of tegafur-uracil-induced hepatic fibrosis with portal hypertension is rare. Here, we report a case of a 74-year-old woman with rapidly developing tegafururacil-induced hepatic fibrosis. The patient had no history of liver disease and had been treated with tegafur-uracil for 8 mo after breast cancer surgery. The patient was admitted to our hospital for abdominal distension and leg edema associated with liver dysfunction. Computed tomography imaging revealed massive ascites and splenomegaly, and a non-invasive assessment of liver fibrosis indicated advanced fibrosis. The histopathological findings revealed periportal fibrosis and bridging fibrosis with septation. The massive ascites resolved after discontinuing tegafururacil. These findings suggest that advanced hepatic fibrosis can develop from a relatively short-term administration of tegafur-uracil and that non-invasive assessment is useful for predicting hepatic fibrosis.

Evaluation of Atypical Lymphocyte Warnings of Sysmex XE-4000 in Outpatient Children

This study aimed to evaluate the atypical lymphocyte warnings of Sysmex XE-4000 in outpatient children. [Method] Randomly 280 specimens of outpatient children were selected to analyze atypical lymphocytes with Sysmex XE-4000 and artificial smear microscopy simultaneously. [Result] With artificial smear microscopy as the gold standard, the atypical lymphocyte warnings of Sysmex XE-4000 in outpatient children exhibited a sensitivity of 97.4%, specificity of 69.3%, positive predictive value （PPV） of 55%, and negative predictive value （NPV） of 98.5%. [Conclusion] Sysmex XE-4000 shows a high sensitivity in atypical lymphocyte warnings, which can reduce the number of blood smears, improve the specificity of microscopy, and decline the labor intensity of inspection personnel. However, there are stil certain false positives to be confirmed by artificial microscopy.

Candida-associated gastric ulcer relapsing in a different position with a different appearance

An 87-year-old,Japanese woman was shown to have a submucosal tumor-like lesion with a deep,central ulceration covered with thick,whitish exudate in the stomach.Biopsy showed Candida tropicalis but not Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori).She had no predisposing factors or history of peptic ulcers nor had taken non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs),diagnosed with Candida-associated gastric ulcer.Though cured of the lesion,she developed another ulcer in a different position,in which Candida was demonstrated but H.pylori was undetectable.This is the first case of recurrent Candida-associated gastric ulcer in the world.Detected in both the original and recurrent lesions in an H.pylori-negative patient with no antecedent ulcers who had not taken NSAIDs,Candida is considered,contrary to the prevailing opinion,to play an etiologic role in ulcer formation.

Gastric mucin expression in Helicobacter pylori-related, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-related and idiopathic ulcers

AIM: To determine the pattern of secreted mucin expression in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-related, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-related and idiopathic gastric ulcers. METHODS: We randomly selected 92 patients with H. pylori-associated (n = 30), NSAID-associated (n = 18), combined H. pylori and NSAID-associated gastric ulcers (n = 24), and patients with idiopathic gastric ulcers (n = 20). Immunohistochemistry for T-cell CD4/CD8, andfor mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) and mucin 6 (MUC6), was performed on sections of the mucosa from the ulcer margin. Inflammation score was assessed according to the Sydney system. RESULTS: MUC5AC was expressed on the surface epithelium (98.9%) and neck glands (98.9%) with minimal expression in the deep glands (6.5%). MUC6 was strongly expressed in the deep glands (97.8%), variable in the neck glands (19.6%) and absent in the surface epithelium (0%). The pattern of mucin expression in idiopathic ulcer margins was not different from the expression in ulcers associated with H. pylori, NSAIDs, or combined H. pylori and NSAIDs. CD4/CD8 ratio was higher in H. pylori-positive patients (P = 0.009). Idiopathic ulcers are associated with hospitalized patients and have higher bleeding and mortality rates. CONCLUSION: Idiopathic ulcers have a unique clinical profile. Gastric mucin expression in idiopathic gastric ulcers is unchanged compared with H. pylori and/or NSAID-associated ulcers.

Allowable Generalized Quantum Gates Using Nonlinear Quantum Optics

In this paper, we give an efficient physical realization of a double-slit duality quantum gate. Weak cross- Kerr nonlinearity is exploited here. The probability of success can reach 1/2. Asymmetrical slit duality control gate also can be constructed conveniently. The special quantum control gate could be realized easily in optical system by our current experimental technology.