Discussions about justice in cross-cultural context give rise to assorted theories. In this paper, issues surrounding communalism as a theory of justice in African culture will be examined with a view to show that its...Discussions about justice in cross-cultural context give rise to assorted theories. In this paper, issues surrounding communalism as a theory of justice in African culture will be examined with a view to show that its principles of care and fellow feeling could be worked out to address the problem of alienation from society characterizing some members of the contemporary African society. Recognition of the social dynamics of human society and relationships is of essence to communalism. As a theory of justice and a world view, communalism describes the human being as ＂being with others＂ and what that should be. The expression, ＂I am because we are, and because we are, I am＂ is the driving force of the communalistic society. Such a society is characterized by care, love, belongingness, solidarity, and interconnectedness. The aim of this paper is to highlight the manifestations of the idea of justice in communalism using leadership or governance, consensus in decision making, moral rules, punishment for wrong doing, and the equitable distribution of resources. It also aims to show that the communalist idea of justice is integrationist in outlook being constitutive of political and socio-economic elements, which the individual enjoys in practical terms as opposed to the paper rights, which citizens in much of the contemporary societies enjoy. The paper notes that drastic changes have occurred in the socio-economic relations within African societies as a consequence of acculturation subsequent to European colonization and these have had far reaching consequences.展开更多
We generalize the method that is used to study corrections to Cardy-Verlinde formula due to generalized uncertainty principle and discuss corrections to Cardy-Verlinde formula due to generalized uncertainty principle ...We generalize the method that is used to study corrections to Cardy-Verlinde formula due to generalized uncertainty principle and discuss corrections to Cardy-Verlinde formula due to generalized uncertainty principle in （anti）- de Sitter space. Because in de Sitter black hole spacetime the radiation temperature of the black hole horizon is different from the one of the cosmological horizon, this spacetime is a thermodynamical non-equilibrium spacetime.展开更多
Using operator-theoretic-methods, we give some characterizations for a dual generalized frame of a generalized frame in a separable Hilbert space H. We also prove a result concerning two strongly disjiont generalized ...Using operator-theoretic-methods, we give some characterizations for a dual generalized frame of a generalized frame in a separable Hilbert space H. We also prove a result concerning two strongly disjiont generalized frames.展开更多
This year marks the 100 th anniversary of Nelson Mandela＇s birth.The reason the global media reacted strongly to the news of Mandela＇s death five years ago can be found in his lasting contributions and his immortal ...This year marks the 100 th anniversary of Nelson Mandela＇s birth.The reason the global media reacted strongly to the news of Mandela＇s death five years ago can be found in his lasting contributions and his immortal spirit.Mandela＇s spirit is characterized by the noble ideals of opposing apartheid and achieving democracy,freedom and equality;by his philosophy of reconciliation,marked by magnanimity and forgiveness;by his principled stand for peace and justice in Africa and the world;by his political wisdom in summing up the situation and meeting the challenges of the times,evinced in his quitting office at the peak of his political life;by his thankfulness for help and concern for vulnerable groups;and by his personal charm,as reflected in his magnanimity,sense of humor,sincerity and sense of equality.These six qualities are closely connected and constitute a dialectical unity.South Africa is the birthplace of Mandela and the soil in which the Mandela spirit grew.The fact that South Africa produced a Mandela is closely connected with his historical era and the social environment,as well as the influence of countries around the world and the international support he received.Above all,however,Mandela＇s rise was closely tied to his noble ideals and outstanding character.In a word,the internal and external origins ofthe Mandela spirit complement and illuminate each other.The Mandela spirit is rooted in South Africa,yet it belongs to the whole world and the whole human race.Its radiant reason,dynamism and strong personal influence will continue to illuminate our world with an eternal charisma.The world of today needs the Mandela spirit more than ever.展开更多
文摘Discussions about justice in cross-cultural context give rise to assorted theories. In this paper, issues surrounding communalism as a theory of justice in African culture will be examined with a view to show that its principles of care and fellow feeling could be worked out to address the problem of alienation from society characterizing some members of the contemporary African society. Recognition of the social dynamics of human society and relationships is of essence to communalism. As a theory of justice and a world view, communalism describes the human being as ＂being with others＂ and what that should be. The expression, ＂I am because we are, and because we are, I am＂ is the driving force of the communalistic society. Such a society is characterized by care, love, belongingness, solidarity, and interconnectedness. The aim of this paper is to highlight the manifestations of the idea of justice in communalism using leadership or governance, consensus in decision making, moral rules, punishment for wrong doing, and the equitable distribution of resources. It also aims to show that the communalist idea of justice is integrationist in outlook being constitutive of political and socio-economic elements, which the individual enjoys in practical terms as opposed to the paper rights, which citizens in much of the contemporary societies enjoy. The paper notes that drastic changes have occurred in the socio-economic relations within African societies as a consequence of acculturation subsequent to European colonization and these have had far reaching consequences.
文摘We generalize the method that is used to study corrections to Cardy-Verlinde formula due to generalized uncertainty principle and discuss corrections to Cardy-Verlinde formula due to generalized uncertainty principle in （anti）- de Sitter space. Because in de Sitter black hole spacetime the radiation temperature of the black hole horizon is different from the one of the cosmological horizon, this spacetime is a thermodynamical non-equilibrium spacetime.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (19771056)
文摘Using operator-theoretic-methods, we give some characterizations for a dual generalized frame of a generalized frame in a separable Hilbert space H. We also prove a result concerning two strongly disjiont generalized frames.
文摘This year marks the 100 th anniversary of Nelson Mandela＇s birth.The reason the global media reacted strongly to the news of Mandela＇s death five years ago can be found in his lasting contributions and his immortal spirit.Mandela＇s spirit is characterized by the noble ideals of opposing apartheid and achieving democracy,freedom and equality;by his philosophy of reconciliation,marked by magnanimity and forgiveness;by his principled stand for peace and justice in Africa and the world;by his political wisdom in summing up the situation and meeting the challenges of the times,evinced in his quitting office at the peak of his political life;by his thankfulness for help and concern for vulnerable groups;and by his personal charm,as reflected in his magnanimity,sense of humor,sincerity and sense of equality.These six qualities are closely connected and constitute a dialectical unity.South Africa is the birthplace of Mandela and the soil in which the Mandela spirit grew.The fact that South Africa produced a Mandela is closely connected with his historical era and the social environment,as well as the influence of countries around the world and the international support he received.Above all,however,Mandela＇s rise was closely tied to his noble ideals and outstanding character.In a word,the internal and external origins ofthe Mandela spirit complement and illuminate each other.The Mandela spirit is rooted in South Africa,yet it belongs to the whole world and the whole human race.Its radiant reason,dynamism and strong personal influence will continue to illuminate our world with an eternal charisma.The world of today needs the Mandela spirit more than ever.
