情绪、压力与BM音乐疗法

“音乐疗法”是头脑管理(Brain Management简称BM)的一项重要内容，可是人们对“音乐疗法”的知识往往是一知半解，或是充满了各种的神秘与疑惑，对它的疗效也会感到一些质疑。本文就为读者们揭开“音乐疗法”的神秘面纱，让读者们进一步了解“音乐疗法”的特性及其功效。

中医治疗焦虑抑郁症简况

中医药治疗焦虑抑郁症多从调理五脏入手,中药汤剂较多(疏肝解郁、养心安神、活血化瘀、补益肝肾、健脾益气、理气化痰、芳香开窍等),汤剂较多;单味中药应用相对较少,多处于实验研究阶段,石菖蒲、巴戟天、姜黄、郁金、合欢花、人参、淫羊藿、甘草、银杏叶、贯叶连翘、补骨脂、黄连、串果藤、积雪草等实验研究均具有一定的抗抑郁作用。中成药及注射剂(乌灵胶囊、路优泰、刺五加注射液、刺五加胶囊),针灸(体针、头皮针、电针、音乐电针、灸法);其他还有推拿和穴位按摩、五行音乐、耳穴贴压、穴位注射、情志调理、气功、穴位贴敷、药膳食疗、埋线法、针刺拔罐发泡疗法、梅花针、色光疗法等。中医临床治疗方式多种多样,具有临床疗效好、不良反应小、复发率低等优势。作用机制的研究较少,未来应积极提高研究质量,借鉴循证医学思维方法,研究出更加规范、科学的治疗方案。

Effect of music on procedure time and sedation during colonoscopy:A meta-analysis

AIM:To integrate results from different studies in examining the effectiveness of music in reducing the procedure time and the amount of sedation used during colonoscopic procedure. METHODS: An electronic search in various databases was performed to identify related articles. Study quality was evaluated by the Jadad’s scale. The random effect model was used to pool the effect from individual trials and the Cohen Q-statistic was used to determine heterogeneity. Egger’s regression was used to detect publication bias. RESULTS: Eight studies with 722 subjects were included in this meta-analysis. The combined mean difference for the time taken for the colonoscopy procedure between the music and control groups was -2.84 with 95% CI (-5.61 to -0.08), implying a short time for the music group. The combined mean difference for the use of sedation was -0.46 with 95%CI (-0.91 to -0.01), showing a significant reduction in the use of sedation in the music group. Heterogeneity was observed in both analyses but no publication bias was detected. CONCLUSION: Listening to music is effective in reducing procedure time and amount of sedation during colonoscopy and should be promoted.

Frequently overlooked and rarely listened to: Music therapy in gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures

To elucidate the role of music therapy in gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures following the conflicting outcomes reported in two recent studies. The findings of our recent meta-analysis that examined this matter were discussed in the context of later studies. Our meta-analysis illustrated the beneficial effects of music therapy on patient anxiety levels when used as a single measure of relaxation and analgesia. Beneficial effects were also shown on analgesia and sedation requirements and procedure duration times when used as an adjunct to pharmacotherapy. These findings are in agreement with those of both studies excluded from analysis and those that followed it. Music therapy is an effective tool for stress relief and analgesia in patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures.

Colonoscopy and the role of music therapy: How to go about an ideal protocol?

We read with great interest the two articles in the December 2006 issue of your esteemed journal on the utility of music therapy in the performance of colonoscopy. The role of non-pharmacological or cognitive behavioral interventions in improving performance of GI Endoscopic procedures is actively undergoing research world over.

The Effect of Music Therapy for Patients With Huntington＇s Disease： A Systematic Literature Review

Huntington＇s disease is a progressive, neurodegenerative, and autosomal dominant disease characterized by motor- and psychiatric disturbances, and cognitive decline. Since there is no cure, all treatment is aimed at improving quality of life. One form of non-drug therapy which is barely recognized, is music therapy. The literature on its use and effect in patients with Huntington＇s disease is limited. We therefore performed a detailed literature survey in order to delineate the different types of music therapy interventions and their aims. Music therapy studies were included when targeting： （1） motor disturbances; （2） cognitive disturbances; （3） psychiatric disturbances; and （4） emotional/social disturbances. A total of eight studies that met these criteria were analyzed. We found that music therapy interventions vary throughout the different stages of the disease and are not yet applied optimally. Not the stage of the disease but the individual treatment goals seem to be more determinative for the music therapy indications. In conclusion, precise aims and methods in relation to the stage of the disease are not well determined. There is a need for systematic study of this treatment option.

Clinical observation of cerebral palsy treated with Chinese massage for promoting the Governor Vessel, benefiting the kidney and strengthening the spleen combined with music therapy

Objective To observe the effects on the range of motion （ROM） of ankle joint and muscular spasm of the lower limbs treated with Chinese massage for promoting the Governor Vessel, benefiting the kidney and strengthening the spleen combined with music therapy in infantile cerebral palsy （CP）. Methods In 286 cases of spasmodic CP, 7 kinds of Chinese massage were adopted, named massage on acupoints to promote circulation of the Governor Vessel, massage for strengthening the spleen and benefiting qi, spine-pinching therapy, segmental massage, foot massage, massage for promoting the recovery of muscle strength and massage for promoting ROM of joints. Chinese massage was applied in musical background. Buddha music and five-element music of Chinese medicine （music of the Heart, Liver and Kidney Meridians） were optioned. The treatment was given once or twice a day and 30 days made one course. The angles of femoral adductor and dorsal flexion of foot as well as the score of composite spasticity scale （CSS） were observed before and after treatment so that the therapeutic effect was assessed. Results In 30 days of treatment, 106 cases （37. 1%） were effective markedly, 172 cases （60. 1%） effective and 8 cases （2.8%） failed. The angle of dorsal flexion of foot was （105.64± 12.66）° and （76.58± 9.89）° before and after treatment respectively; the angle of femoral adductor was （119.89±25.47）° and （158.99± 18.66）° before and after treatment respectively; the score of CSS was （12.39±2.56） and （7. 069 ± 2.97） before and after treatment respectivel, there was significant difference before and after treatment （all P〈0.01）. Conclusion Chinese massage for promoting the Governor Vessel, benefiting the kidney and strengthening the spleen combined with music therapy brings the extremely active effect into play on the recovery of sitting, kneeling, standing and walking for children with CP.

Effects of five-element music therapy on elderly people with seasonal affective disorder in a Chinese nursing home

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of five-element music therapy on elderly patients with seasonal affective disorder in a Chinese nursing home.METHODS: The patients(n=50) were recruited from a Shijingshan district nursing home in Beijing,China. They were randomly assigned to two groups, a treatment group and a control group,with 25 participants in each group. The patients received music therapy for 1-2 h each week over an8-week period. The music therapy involved four phases: introduction, activities, listening to the Chinese five-element music, and a concluding phase.The participants in the control group did not listen to the five-element music. This study consisted of two parts:(a) a qualitative study that used focus groups to understand the feelings of the patients with seasonal affective disorder;(b) a quantitative study that involved administration of the self-rating depression scale(SDS) and Hamilton depression scale(HAMD) before and after treatment.RESULTS:(a) Qualitative analysis results: strength derived from the five-element group music therapy and emotional adjustment. The five-element group music therapy can reduce patients' psychological distress and let them feel inner peace and enhance their life satisfaction.(b) No significant difference in SDS and HAMD scores was found between the two groups(P>0.05) prior to treatment. After treatment,the mean SDS score of the control group was 49.9±18.8, while the treatment group's score was 40.2±18.1. The HAMD score of the control group was11.2±3.1, and the treatment group's score was 8.8±4.9. Following 8 weeks of music therapy, the SDS and HAMD scores of the treatment group were significantly lower than those for the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Five-element music therapy alleviated the symptoms of seasonal affective disorder in the elderly patients.

Clinical Observation on Treatment of Spastic Cerebral Palsy with Tuina plus Music Therapy

Objective： To observe the effect of tuina plus music therapy on range of motion of ankle joints and muscle spasm of lower limbs in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Method： All of 286 cases that conformed to the diagnostic criteria of infantile cerebral palsy were treated with 7 types of tuina manipulations respectively to unblock the Governor Vessel, reinforce the kidney and strengthen the spleen, pinch along the spine, stimulate specific foot-reflex area and different spinal segments, accelerate recovery of muscle strength and increase joint range of motion, 25-30 min each treatment, once or twice a day, 30 d constitute a course of treatment. After this, the efficacy on femoral medial adduction and dorsiflexion angle and composite spasticity score （CSS） was evaluated. Result： The statistical analysis showed significant differences in dorsiflexion and femoral medial adduction angle and CCS scores （P〈0.01） after the treatments. Conclusion： Tuina plus music therapy can lubricate the joints, relax contraction of tendons, alleviate muscle spasm and improve scissors and toe-walking gaits, thereby benefiting the gross motor function of infants in sitting, kneeling, standing and walking.

Music electric stimulation of points for anxiety:a multi-center randomized controlled clinical trial

To observe the therapeutic efficacy of music electric stimulation of points in treating anxiety. Methods： By adopting a design of multi-centered randomized controlled trial （RCT）, a total of 270 patients with anxiety were randomized into a treatment group and a medication group. The treatment group was intervened by music electric stimulation of points, while the medication group was intervened by oral administration of doxepin. The two groups were evaluated by using Hamilton anxiety rating scale （HAMA） and Chinese revised edition of self-rating anxiety scale （SAS-CR） before and after the intervention. The therapeutic efficacies were also compared. Results： The total effective rate was 93.6% in the treatment group versus 92.3% in the medication group, and the between-group difference was statistically insignificant （P〉O.05）. After the treatment, the aggregate scores of HAMA and SAS-CR were significantly changed in both groups （both P〈0.001）, and the inter-group differences were statistically insignificant （P〉O.05）. Conclusion： Music electric stimulation of points can produce equivalent efficacy in treating anxiety compared to doxepin. Thus, it can be taken as a choice in the treatment of anxiety.

Case of post-stroke depression

By adopting the psychosomatic therapy, the author treated 1 case of post-stroke depression through applying traditional acupuncture, acupoint injection combined with TCM five-element music therapy. After treatment, the neurological functions of the patient obviously recovered, Hamilton Depression（HAMD）Scale（17 items） score reduced, the levels of tumor necrosis factor and hypersensitive C-reactive protein both declined, and all the indicators were improved significantly, indicating that the curative effect of acupuncture combined with TCM five-element music therapy on this PSD patient was significant, and this treatment method was worthy of further exploration.

Effect of music therapy derived from the five elements in Traditional Chinese Medicine on post-stroke depression

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of five phase music therapy in patients with depression after ischemic stroke.METHODS: A total of 92 patients with post-stroke depression were randomly divided into the control group(32 cases), treatment group A(30 cases), and treatment group B(30 cases). All groups were given basic therapies for cerebral infarction. In addition,the control group was administerd 50 mg of oral sertraline hydrochloride daily, while treatment groups A and B received needling at Baihui(GV 20)plus acupoint injection at Yanglingquan(GB 34) daily; treatment group B also received music therapy derived from the five phases in Traditional ChineseMedicine theory twice daily. All treatments were administered for 5 d per treatment cycle for three cycles, with a 1 d interval between cycles. In all three groups, Hamilton's depression scale(HAMD-17)score and the activities of daily life(ADL) score were measured before and after treatment, and side effects were assessed with the treatment emergent symptom scale.RESULTS: The HAMD-17 score significantly decreased after treatment in all three groups, and the post-treatment reduction in HAMD-17 score was markedly greater in treatment group B than in treatment group A(P < 0.01). The ADL score significantly increased after treatment in all three groups,and the post-treatment increase in ADL score was significantly greater in treatment group B than in treatment group A(P < 0.01). The treatment emergent symptom scale score was highest in the control group, and lowest in group B, and significantly differed between the three groups(P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: Five phase music therapy plus acupoint needling and acupoint injection can improve the symptoms in patients with post-stroke depression.

Clinical Observation on Combined Tuina and Medicated Bath for Early Intervention of Neonatal Brain Injuries

Objective： To observe the clinical effect of early intervention of combined tuina with medicated bath for neonatal brain injuries. Methods： Brain-benefiting tuina manipulations, medicated bath and music plus exercise therapies were employed in 60 infants with medium or severe brain injuries. The Gesell measurement methods were adopted prior to and 3 months after treatment to evaluate the development quotient （DQ）. In addition, the long-term follow-up was made after one and a hall years. Result： The scores of DQ prior to treatment, 3 month after treatment and 1.5 years after treatment were （34.98±28.94）, （66.17±14.91） and （75.40±14.69） respectively, showing a marked improvement after 3 months and 1.5 years of treatment （P=0.000）. Conclusion： Early intervention using tuina manipulations could enhance the brain development, repair the nerve injury, improve the motion and cognitive ability and prevent the sequela of the nervous system.

Acupuncture Combined with Music Therapy for Treatment of 30 Cases of Cerebral Palsy

To observe clinical therapeutic effects of acupuncture combined with music therapy for treatment of cerebral palsy. Methods： Sixty children with cerebral palsy were randomly divided into an acupuncture group （Group Acup.） and an acupuncture plus music group （Group Acup.＋ M）. Simple acupuncture was applied in Group Acup., and acupuncture at 5 groups of points plus music were applied in Group Acup. ＋M., The treatment was given once every two days with 3 treatments weekly, and 36 treatments constituted a therapeutic course. Therapeutic effects including movement improvement were observed for comparison after 3 courses of treatments. Results： The comprehensive functions were elevated in both groups, and the total effective rate in Group Acup. ＋ M was obviously better than that in Group Acup （P〈0.05）. Movement functions were also improved in both groups, but the differences in improvement of creeping and kneeling, standing, and walking were significant between the two groups （P〈0.01）, showing the effect in Group Acup. ＋ M was better than that in Group Acup.. Conclusion： The therapy of acupuncture plus music gained better therapeutic effect on cerebral palsy than simple acupuncture, which provided new thoughts for treating the disease by comprehensive therapies.