Four kinds of iron oxide pigments were added into wood-fiber/high-density-polyethylene composites （WF/HDPE） at three different concentrations, to determine the effects of pigments on the changes in the color and mec...Four kinds of iron oxide pigments were added into wood-fiber/high-density-polyethylene composites （WF/HDPE） at three different concentrations, to determine the effects of pigments on the changes in the color and mechanical properties of the composites before and after UV accelerated weathering. HDPE, wood fibers, pigments and other processing additives were dry-mixed in a high-speed mixer. The mixtures were extruded by two-step extrusion process with a self-designed twin-screw/single-screw extruder system. Color of the samples was determined according to CIE 1976 L^＊a^＊b^＊ system by a spec- trophotometer and the bending properties were tested to evaluate the mechanical properties before and after accelerated UV weathering. The result shows that the modulus of elasticity of WF/HDPE did not obvi- ously changed after incorporating with the pigments, but the bending strength increased. After accelerated aging for 2000 h, both color and mechanical properties significantly changed. Iron oxide red and black performed better than the other two pigments, and the pigments dosage of 2.28% in the composites is favourable.展开更多
A vision-based color analysis system was developed for rapid estimation of copper content in the secondary copper smelting process. Firstly, cross section images of secondary copper samples were captured by the design...A vision-based color analysis system was developed for rapid estimation of copper content in the secondary copper smelting process. Firstly, cross section images of secondary copper samples were captured by the designed vision system. After the preprocessing and segmenting procedures, the images were selected according to their grayscale standard deviations of pixels and percentages of edge pixels in the luminance component. The selected images were then used to extract the information of the improved color vector angles, from which the copper content estimation model was developed based on the least squares support vector regression (LSSVR) method. For comparison, three additional LSSVR models, namely, only with sample selection, only with improved color vector angle, without sample selection or improved color vector angle, were developed. In addition, two exponential models, namely, with sample selection, without sample selection, were developed. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method is more effective for improving the copper content estimation accuracy, particularly when the sample size is small.展开更多
ObjectiveThe study aimed to explore the factors regulating carotenoid accumulation in flesh color. MethodA loquat mutation （red-or orange-fleshed plant emerged a bud mutation of white-flesh in trunk） was used as mat...ObjectiveThe study aimed to explore the factors regulating carotenoid accumulation in flesh color. MethodA loquat mutation （red-or orange-fleshed plant emerged a bud mutation of white-flesh in trunk） was used as material; HPLC analysis of β-carotene content was conducted. ResultThe β-carotene concentration in the flesh of wild and mutant types was 60.9 and 4.6 μg/g fresh weight, respectively. According to the conserved regions of genes from rose family genome, carotenogenic gene fragments in wild and mutant types were obtained. No nucleotide variation of the carotenogenic gene fragments was observed between wild and mutant genome. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Q-PCR） was compared and one carotenogenic gene, β-ring hydroxylase （HYB） were considerably suppressed in mature mutant loquat fruits compared with that in wild. The other six carotenogenic genes were also expressed but the expression patterns appeared to be not correlated with the amount of β-carotene concentration in wild loquat flesh. ConclusionThe mutant whitish loquat lacks the ability to synthesize β-carotene because of the transcriptional down-regulation of carotenogenic gene HYB.展开更多
The visual features of continuous pseudocolor encoding is discussed and the optimiz- ing design algorithm of continuous pseudocolor scale is derived.The algorithm is restricting the varying range and direction of ligh...The visual features of continuous pseudocolor encoding is discussed and the optimiz- ing design algorithm of continuous pseudocolor scale is derived.The algorithm is restricting the varying range and direction of lightness,hue and saturation according to correlation and naturalness,automatically calculating the chromaticity coordinates of nodes in uniform color space to get the longest length of scale path,then interpolating points between nodes in equal color differences to obtain continuous pseudocolor scale with visual uniformity.When it was applied to the pseudocolor encoding of thermal image displays,the results showed that the correlation and the naturalness of original images and cognitive characteristics of target pattern were reserved well;the dynamic range of visual perception and the amount of visual information increased obviously;the contrast sensitivity of target identification improved;and the blindness of scale design were avoided.展开更多
To deduce a new color difference formula based on CIE 1997 Color Appearance Model(CIECAM97s), a color space J a 1 b 1 is first constructed with color appearance descriptors J,a,b in CIECAM97s. The new f...To deduce a new color difference formula based on CIE 1997 Color Appearance Model(CIECAM97s), a color space J a 1 b 1 is first constructed with color appearance descriptors J,a,b in CIECAM97s. The new formula is then deduced in the space and named CDF CIECAM97s. The factors for lightness, chroma and hue correction in the formula are derived by linear regression according to BFD? CP data sets. It is found by statistical analysis that CDF CIECAM97s is in closer accordance with the visual assessments when compared with CMC(1∶1), CIE94 and CIE L *a *b * color difference formulae. Based on color appearance model, the new color difference formula can be used to predict color difference perception in a varity of different viewing conditions.展开更多
Taking the six common anthocyanidins in nature, i.e. cyanidin, delphinidin, malvidin, pelargonidin, peonidin and petunidin, as examples, this paper summarized the main achievements about the structure-activity relatio...Taking the six common anthocyanidins in nature, i.e. cyanidin, delphinidin, malvidin, pelargonidin, peonidin and petunidin, as examples, this paper summarized the main achievements about the structure-activity relationships of the coloration and stability of anthocyanidins. The coloration and stability of anthocyanidins are funda- mentally determined by the chemical and spatial structures of the anthocyanidins. The electron-deficient state, hydroxylation and methylation patterns, especially the ones on the B-ring, and coplanarity of the three rings of anthocyanidins are inde- pendently or synergetically, positively and/or negatively, influence the coloration and stability of the anthocyanidins. Thereinto, the in vivo colorations of anthocyanins are also related to the organ-selective and crystal- or anthocyanic vacuolar inclusion- related existence of the anthocyanidins. This review could provide a reference for the researches of the structure-optimizing and function-exploiting of anthocyanidins and also for the selection of the crops and cultivars containing specific anthocyani- din profiles.展开更多
One new species from China, Phasia xuei sp. nov., is described and illustrated. A modified key to the Phasia barbifrons-group is provided. The types are deposited in the Insect Collection of Shenyang Normal University...One new species from China, Phasia xuei sp. nov., is described and illustrated. A modified key to the Phasia barbifrons-group is provided. The types are deposited in the Insect Collection of Shenyang Normal University （SYNU）.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30671644, 30771680)
文摘Four kinds of iron oxide pigments were added into wood-fiber/high-density-polyethylene composites （WF/HDPE） at three different concentrations, to determine the effects of pigments on the changes in the color and mechanical properties of the composites before and after UV accelerated weathering. HDPE, wood fibers, pigments and other processing additives were dry-mixed in a high-speed mixer. The mixtures were extruded by two-step extrusion process with a self-designed twin-screw/single-screw extruder system. Color of the samples was determined according to CIE 1976 L^＊a^＊b^＊ system by a spec- trophotometer and the bending properties were tested to evaluate the mechanical properties before and after accelerated UV weathering. The result shows that the modulus of elasticity of WF/HDPE did not obvi- ously changed after incorporating with the pigments, but the bending strength increased. After accelerated aging for 2000 h, both color and mechanical properties significantly changed. Iron oxide red and black performed better than the other two pigments, and the pigments dosage of 2.28% in the composites is favourable.
基金Project(2011BAE23B05)supported by National Key Technology R&D Program of ChinaProject(61004134)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(LQ13F030007)supported by Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘A vision-based color analysis system was developed for rapid estimation of copper content in the secondary copper smelting process. Firstly, cross section images of secondary copper samples were captured by the designed vision system. After the preprocessing and segmenting procedures, the images were selected according to their grayscale standard deviations of pixels and percentages of edge pixels in the luminance component. The selected images were then used to extract the information of the improved color vector angles, from which the copper content estimation model was developed based on the least squares support vector regression (LSSVR) method. For comparison, three additional LSSVR models, namely, only with sample selection, only with improved color vector angle, without sample selection or improved color vector angle, were developed. In addition, two exponential models, namely, with sample selection, without sample selection, were developed. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method is more effective for improving the copper content estimation accuracy, particularly when the sample size is small.
基金Supported by Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest of China(201003073)Key Laboratory Program of Agriculture Ministry of China(2013JCYJ-004)+1 种基金Applied Basic Research Program of Chengdu City Science and Technology Bureau(11DXYB039NC)Youth Foundation of Sichuan Province(2011QNJJ-010)~~
文摘ObjectiveThe study aimed to explore the factors regulating carotenoid accumulation in flesh color. MethodA loquat mutation （red-or orange-fleshed plant emerged a bud mutation of white-flesh in trunk） was used as material; HPLC analysis of β-carotene content was conducted. ResultThe β-carotene concentration in the flesh of wild and mutant types was 60.9 and 4.6 μg/g fresh weight, respectively. According to the conserved regions of genes from rose family genome, carotenogenic gene fragments in wild and mutant types were obtained. No nucleotide variation of the carotenogenic gene fragments was observed between wild and mutant genome. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Q-PCR） was compared and one carotenogenic gene, β-ring hydroxylase （HYB） were considerably suppressed in mature mutant loquat fruits compared with that in wild. The other six carotenogenic genes were also expressed but the expression patterns appeared to be not correlated with the amount of β-carotene concentration in wild loquat flesh. ConclusionThe mutant whitish loquat lacks the ability to synthesize β-carotene because of the transcriptional down-regulation of carotenogenic gene HYB.
文摘The visual features of continuous pseudocolor encoding is discussed and the optimiz- ing design algorithm of continuous pseudocolor scale is derived.The algorithm is restricting the varying range and direction of lightness,hue and saturation according to correlation and naturalness,automatically calculating the chromaticity coordinates of nodes in uniform color space to get the longest length of scale path,then interpolating points between nodes in equal color differences to obtain continuous pseudocolor scale with visual uniformity.When it was applied to the pseudocolor encoding of thermal image displays,the results showed that the correlation and the naturalness of original images and cognitive characteristics of target pattern were reserved well;the dynamic range of visual perception and the amount of visual information increased obviously;the contrast sensitivity of target identification improved;and the blindness of scale design were avoided.
文摘To deduce a new color difference formula based on CIE 1997 Color Appearance Model(CIECAM97s), a color space J a 1 b 1 is first constructed with color appearance descriptors J,a,b in CIECAM97s. The new formula is then deduced in the space and named CDF CIECAM97s. The factors for lightness, chroma and hue correction in the formula are derived by linear regression according to BFD? CP data sets. It is found by statistical analysis that CDF CIECAM97s is in closer accordance with the visual assessments when compared with CMC(1∶1), CIE94 and CIE L *a *b * color difference formulae. Based on color appearance model, the new color difference formula can be used to predict color difference perception in a varity of different viewing conditions.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31060045,31260091)~~
文摘Taking the six common anthocyanidins in nature, i.e. cyanidin, delphinidin, malvidin, pelargonidin, peonidin and petunidin, as examples, this paper summarized the main achievements about the structure-activity relationships of the coloration and stability of anthocyanidins. The coloration and stability of anthocyanidins are funda- mentally determined by the chemical and spatial structures of the anthocyanidins. The electron-deficient state, hydroxylation and methylation patterns, especially the ones on the B-ring, and coplanarity of the three rings of anthocyanidins are inde- pendently or synergetically, positively and/or negatively, influence the coloration and stability of the anthocyanidins. Thereinto, the in vivo colorations of anthocyanins are also related to the organ-selective and crystal- or anthocyanic vacuolar inclusion- related existence of the anthocyanidins. This review could provide a reference for the researches of the structure-optimizing and function-exploiting of anthocyanidins and also for the selection of the crops and cultivars containing specific anthocyani- din profiles.
基金Financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31272279,31093430,31272284)the Fauna of China(FY120100)are acknowledged with thanks
文摘One new species from China, Phasia xuei sp. nov., is described and illustrated. A modified key to the Phasia barbifrons-group is provided. The types are deposited in the Insect Collection of Shenyang Normal University （SYNU）.
