ELLIPTIC EQUATIONS IN DIVERGENCE FORM WITH DISCONTINUOUS COEFFICIENTS IN DOMAINS WITH CORNERS

We study equations in divergence form with piecewise Cαcoefficients.The domains contain corners and the discontinuity surfaces are attached to the edges of the corners.We obtain piecewise C^(1,α) estimates across the discontinuity surfaces and provide an example to illustrate the issue regarding the regularity at the corners.

Avoiding Non-Manhattan Obstacles Based on Projection of Spatial Corners in Indoor Environment

Monocular vision-based navigation is a considerable ability for a home mobile robot. However, due to diverse disturbances, helping robots avoid obstacles, especially nonManhattan obstacles, remains a big challenge. In indoor environments, there are many spatial right-corners that are projected into two dimensional projections with special geometric configurations. These projections, which consist of three lines,might enable us to estimate their position and orientation in 3 D scenes. In this paper, we present a method for home robots to avoid non-Manhattan obstacles in indoor environments from a monocular camera. The approach first detects non-Manhattan obstacles. Through analyzing geometric features and constraints,it is possible to estimate posture differences between orientation of the robot and non-Manhattan obstacles. Finally according to the convergence of posture differences, the robot can adjust its orientation to keep pace with the pose of detected non-Manhattan obstacles, making it possible avoid these obstacles by itself. Based on geometric inferences, the proposed approach requires no prior training or any knowledge of the camera’s internal parameters,making it practical for robots navigation. Furthermore, the method is robust to errors in calibration and image noise. We compared the errors from corners of estimated non-Manhattan obstacles against the ground truth. Furthermore, we evaluate the validity of convergence of differences between the robot orientation and the posture of non-Manhattan obstacles. The experimental results showed that our method is capable of avoiding non-Manhattan obstacles, meeting the requirements for indoor robot navigation.

The cornerstone of fiber-optic distributed vibration/acoustic sensing: Ф-OTDR

Fiber-optic distributed vibration/acoustic sensing(DVS/DAS) technology achieves breakthrough performance and explores broad cornerstone industrial applications.

Study on mechanical principle of reinforcing sidewalls and corners of roadway to control floor heave by anchors

The movement principle of sidewalls and floor of extraction opening is analyzed, it is found that floor heave not only has something to do with the floor strata, but sidewalls. The effect of sidewall anchor and corner anchor is studied, the mechanical principle of reinforcing sidewalls and corners is put forward and applied in engineering practice.

Visual positioning of rectangular lead components based on Harris corners and Zernike moments

With the increasing necessities for reliable printed circuit board(PCB) product, there has been a considerable demand for high speed and high precision vision positioning system. To locate a rectangular lead component with high accuracy and reliability, a new visual positioning method was introduced. Considering the limitations of Ghosal sub-pixel edge detection algorithm, an improved algorithm was proposed, in which Harris corner features were used to coarsely detect the edge points and Zernike moments were adopted to accurately detect the edge points. Besides, two formulas were developed to determine the edge intersections whose sub-pixel coordinates were calculated with bilinear interpolation and conjugate gradient method. The last experimental results show that the proposed method can detect the deflection and offset, and the detection errors are less than 0.04° and 0.02 pixels.

A New Model for the Etching Characteristics of Corners Formed by Si_{111}Planes on Si_{110}Wafer Surface

The etching characteristics of concave and convex corners formed in a microstructure by the intersection of {111} planes in wet anisotropic etchant are exactly opposite to each other. The convex corners are severely attacked by anisotropic Fetchant, while the concave corners remain unaffected. In this paper, we present a new model which explains the root cause of the initiation and advancement of undercutting phenomenon at convex corners and its absence at concave corners on {110} silicon wafers. This contrary etching characteristics of convex and concave corners is explained by utilizing the role of dangling bond in etching process and the etching behavior of the tangent plane at the convex corner. The silicon atoms at the convex edge/ridge belong to a high etch rate tangent plane as compared to {111} sidewalls, which leads to the initiation of undercutting at the convex corner. On the other hand, all the bonds of silicon atoms pertaining to concave edges/ridge are engaged with neighboring atoms and consequently contain no dangling bond, thus resulting in no-undercutting at concave edges/corners.

Two-Staged Method for Ice Channel Identification Based on Image Segmentation and Corner Point Regression

Identification of the ice channel is the basic technology for developing intelligent ships in ice-covered waters,which is important to ensure the safety and economy of navigation.In the Arctic,merchant ships with low ice class often navigate in channels opened up by icebreakers.Navigation in the ice channel often depends on good maneuverability skills and abundant experience from the captain to a large extent.The ship may get stuck if steered into ice fields off the channel.Under this circumstance,it is very important to study how to identify the boundary lines of ice channels with a reliable method.In this paper,a two-staged ice channel identification method is developed based on image segmentation and corner point regression.The first stage employs the image segmentation method to extract channel regions.In the second stage,an intelligent corner regression network is proposed to extract the channel boundary lines from the channel region.A non-intelligent angle-based filtering and clustering method is proposed and compared with corner point regression network.The training and evaluation of the segmentation method and corner regression network are carried out on the synthetic and real ice channel dataset.The evaluation results show that the accuracy of the method using the corner point regression network in the second stage is achieved as high as 73.33%on the synthetic ice channel dataset and 70.66%on the real ice channel dataset,and the processing speed can reach up to 14.58frames per second.

Nutrition impacts of non-solid cooking fuel adoption on under-five children in developing countries

This paper examines the nutrition impacts of using non-solid cooking fuel on under-five children in developing countries.We draw on data from more than 1.12 million children in 62 developing countries from the Demographic and Health Surveys(DHS).Results from both fixed effects(FE)and instrumental variable(IV)estimates show that using non-solid cooking fuel significantly improves the nutrition outcomes of under-five children.Compared with their peers from households mainly using solid fuel,children from households mainly using non-solid fuel exhibit a lower probability of experiencing stunting(by 5.9 percentage points)and being underweight(by 1.2 percentage points).Our further investigation provides evidence for several underlying mechanisms,such as improved indoor air quality,induced reduction in children’s respiratory symptoms,benefits on maternal health,and reduction in maternal time spent on fuel collection or cooking.Heterogenous analyses suggest that the nutrition benefits of using non-solid cooking fuel are more prominent among boys,children above three years old,and those from households of lower socioeconomic status,rural areas,and Southeast Asia.

In the interests of science: Jointly promoting research integrity is the cornerstone

1.Introduction We are all familiar with the word"integrity"and have:some common understanding of it.It is generally accepted that honesty and reliability are two important aspects of integrity.Specifc to scientific research,what is research integrity?Why does it matter?Is it just the responsibility of researchers themselves or a shared responsibility of the entire research community?

Analysis of 8T SRAM Cell at Various Process Corners at 65 nm Process Technology

In Present scenario battery-powered hand-held multimedia systems become popular. The power consumption in these devices is a major concern these days for its long operational life. Although various techniques to reduce the power dissipation has been developed. The most adopted method is to lower the supply voltage. But lowering the Vdd reduces the gate current much more rapidly than the sub-threshold current and degrades the SNM. This degraded SNM further limits the voltage scaling. To improve the stability of the SRAM cell topology of the conventional 6T Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) cell has been changed and revised to 8T and 10T cell, the topologies. This work has analyzed the SRAM’s Static Noise Margin (SNM) at 8T for various process corners at 65nm technology. It evaluates the SNM along with the write margins of the cell along with the cell size of 8T SRAM bit-cell operating in sub-threshold voltage at various process corners. It is observed that an 8T cell has 13 % better write margin than conventional 6T SRAM cell. This paper analyses the dependence of SNM of SRAM memory cell on supply voltage, temperature, transistor sizing in 65nm technology at various process corners (TT, SS, FF, FS, and SF).

CUTTING CORNERS PRESERVES LIPSCHITZ CONTINUITY

In this note we prove that the corner cutting procedure preserves continuityproperties,i.e.,a sequence of polygons obtained in this way belongs to the Lipschitz classof the same constant and exponent.As a consequence this also holds for all functions orcurves obtained as the limit of this procedure, such as the Bernstein polynomials,Bezierand spline parametric curves,etc.

The Development Trend of Developed Countries to Invest in Education of Disadvantaged Groups and the Enlightenment to Our Country

Educational investment is the material basis for developing intelligence and educational cause and also an important factor for the development of economic and society.This paper argues that educational investment is an important strategy to solve the problem of disadvantaged groups in our country,and hopes that through the analysis of the structure and the trend for educational investment in developed countries,and it can provide reference and valuable suggestions for our country.

Effect of Temperature &Supply Voltage Variation on Stability of 9T SRAM Cell at 45 nm Technology for Various Process Corners

Due to the continuous rising demand of handheld devices like iPods, mobile, tablets;specific applications like biomedical applications like pacemakers, hearing aid machines and space applications which require stable digital systems with low power consumptions are required. As a main part in digital system the SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) should have low power consumption and stability. As we are continuously moving towards scaling for the last two decades the effect of this is process variations which have severe effect on stability, performance. Reducing the supply voltage to sub-threshold region, which helps in reducing the power consumption to an extent but side by side it raises the issue of the stability of the memory. Static Noise Margin of SRAM cell enforces great challenges to the sub threshold SRAM design. In this paper we have analyzed the cell stability of 9T SRAM Cell at various processes. The cell stability is checked at deep submicron (DSM) technology. In this paper we have analyzed the effect of temperature and supply voltage (Vdd) on the stability parameters of SRAM which is Static Noise Margin (SNM), Write Margin (WM) and Read Current. The effect has been observed at various process corners at 45 nm technology. The temperature has a significant effect on stability along with the Vdd. The Cell has been working efficiently at all process corners and has 50% more SNM from conventional 6T SRAM and 30% more WM from conventional 6T SRAM cell.

DELIVERING THE GOODS China’s courier and logistics sector has thrived in its huge market and become a cornerstone of global supply chains

As China moves to fundamentally improve its virus response by downgrading COVID-19 management to Class B from top-level Class A,one sector that has remained crucial yet bruised by the three-year battle against the disease finally released a sigh of relief.

CHINA’S COUNTRY IDENTITY AND BUILDING A NEW MODE OF RELATIONSHIP WITH DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

For a long time, China has adhered to the identity of a developing country and made strengthening solidarity and cooperation with developing countries an important part of its foreign policy. Since the late 1990s, China’s relations with developing countries have become increasingly diverse and added many new elements. The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China used partnerships to guide China to build positive relations with various types of countries and stressed that China has expanded the way for developing countries to modernize.

Socio-economic development of countries based on the Composite Country Development Index(CCDI)

World experience indicates the existence of significant imbalances in the development of countries.The problem of assessing the rational development of the regional and national economy is becoming urgent,since such assessments can prevent development imbalances across countries.The aim of this study is to elaborate a methodology to assess the countries’socio-economic development by integraring 12 modern indices of socio-economic development into the Composite Country Development Index(CCDI).The methodology of this research was based on a set of key indices that described socio-economic development level in four fields(social development,digital development,economic development,and environmental security)and then these indices were integrated into the CCDI.The study further applied factor analysis and R-Studio software to define the gaps of social and economic development in 59 selected countries using the trigonometric function of the angle sine.The correlation analysis confirmed the existence of a close interrelation among the studied countries.This paper noted that due to the emergence of new priorities,it is necessary to revise the assessment methodology of socio-economic development level and expand them to cover the decisive factors.This was confirmed by the results obtained,demonstrating various combinations of the development level in the four fields and their impact on the CCDI.The scientific contribution of this research is to form a methodology(e.g.,the CCDI)for evaluating the socio-economic development level of countries in the world.

Informing policy makers in developing countries:Practices and limitations of geriatric home medication review in Malaysia-A qualitative inquiry

Objective:To explore existing practices and challenges in the delivery of geriatric home medication review(HMR).The study was part of a larger study aimed to offer solution to expand the range of geriatric HMR.Methods:This study employed qualitative exploratory design through semi-structured individual in-depth interviews with the public pharmacists involved in the delivery of geriatric HMR at public hospitals.The purpose of the interviews was to explore challenges faced by them in the delivery of geriatric HMR.Results:Based on the emerging themes from the qualitative data,the study reveals that geriatric HMR in Malaysia is integrated as part of multidisciplinary home care visits,encompassing a diverse patient population with various healthcare needs.However,it faces challenges such as the lack of outcome monitoring,formal training,and workforce constraints.Despite these hurdles,there is a pressing need for the expansion of this service to better serve the community,and collaboration with community pharmacists holds potential to broaden its scope.Ultimately,the findings suggest that pharmacist-led HMR is both warranted and feasible within the Malaysian healthcare context.In order to optimize medicine-use among older people living in the community,approaches for expanding geriatric HMR services in Malaysia must be developed.Conclusions:This study holds profound implications as it attempts to illuminate policy makers in developing countries,enabling them to formulate effective HMR plans.By considering the challenges highlighted within this research,policy makers can design a comprehensive HMR service that caters adeptly to the healthcare needs of the mass population.

Topological laser on square lattice with gain–loss-induced higher-order corner modes

We investigate the higher-order topological laser in the two-dimensional(2D) coupled-cavity array. By adding staggered on-site gain and loss to the 2D Hermitian array with a trivial phase, the system will emerge degenerate topological corner modes, which are protected by bulk band gap. For such a non-Hermitian model, by adjusting the parameters of the system and introducing the pumping into the cavity at the corner, a single-mode lasing with topological protection emerges.Furthermore, single-mode lasing exists over a wide range of pumping strengths. No matter where the cavity is initially stimulated, after enough time evolution, all the cavities belonging to the topological corner mode can emit a stable laser.

An angular blinking jamming method based on electronically controlled corner reflectors

Passive jamming is believed to have very good potential in countermeasure community.In this paper,a passive angular blinking jamming method based on electronically controlled corner reflectors is proposed.The amplitude of the incident wave can be modulated by switching the corner reflector between the penetration state and the reflection state,and the ensemble of multiple corner reflectors with towing rope can result in complex angle decoying effects.Dependency of the decoying effect on corner reflectors’radar cross section and positions are analyzed and simulated.Results show that the angle measured by a monopulse radar can be significantly interfered by this method while the automatic tracking is employed.

Epidemiological, Clinical Aspects and Outcome of Measles in a Low-Income Country in 2023

Introduction: Measles remains a worrying health problem in sub-Saharan African countries. There have been measles outbreaks in Cameroon with the most recent occurring between October 2022 and September 2023. The Centre region of Cameroon was the most affected in the country and being at the frontline of the fight against this illness, we conducted this study in order to determine the epidemiological and clinical characteristics as well as the outcome of children who contracted the measles and were hospitalized at the Yaoundé Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital. Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive and prospective study for one year from October 2022 to November 2023 corresponding to the duration of the outbreak. We included all children admitted in the pediatric unit for measles and its complications during this period. Results: In total, 60 children were enrolled. Their caregivers were mostly their mothers who had a mean age of 34.71 ± 9.55 years living in significant precarious conditions for the majority. The median age of children was 16 months (09 - 30 months). Twenty six percent of children (16) were less than 9 months. Girls were predominant (55%). Most children were not up to date with their routine EPI vaccination (80%) and most did not receive the measles and Rubella vaccine (76.67%). Clinical manifestations, included fever, conjunctivitis, and cough. Skin rash and catarrh (98.33% and 86.67% respectively) are the case definition signs of measles. The outcome was unfavorable for 4 children. One had a neurological disorder: coma and three presented with pneumonia and severe respiratory distress (6.67%). Conclusion: Measles is still being a reality and claiming lives in our context, emphasis should be made on immunization coverage and if possible, advocacies should be formulated to decrease the age of measles vaccine administration.