基于新型Contention网络的滚动轴承早期故障诊断方法研究

针对滚动轴承早期故障诊断问题,为了同时建模振动信号中的高频和低频特征,实现高精度诊断,提出了一种新的模型Contention。它以一种互补的方式集成了空洞卷积和自注意力机制的优点,具有同时捕捉高频和低频信息的能力。为了验证其诊断能力,首先,在完整信息原则下将振动信号连续构造成数据集;其次,搭建Contention网络并训练,其最终测试集准确度可达100%,t-SNE显示随网络层次的深入特征被明显聚类;最后,设置对照实验,将该模型与传统RNN、CNN、Transformer模型对比,证明该模型具备突出的诊断能力。

A Study on the Correlation between Salivary Cortisol Content and Anxiety and Depression in Pregnant and Postpartum Women

Objective: To analyze the correlation between salivary cortisol content and anxiety and depression in pregnant and postpartum women. Method: 300 pregnant and postpartum women who were admitted from January 2021 to December 2021 were selected as the research subjects. They were all tested with the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). 40 pregnant women with anxiety and depression were selected as the observation group, and 50 normal pregnant women were selected as the control group, adopting logistic regression analysis to investigate the correlation between salivary cortisol and postpartum anxiety and depression during pregnancy. Result: The salivary cortisol levels in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group before bedtime, after waking up the next day, 15 minutes after waking up, 30 minutes after waking up, 60 minutes after waking up, and 1 hour before lunch (p < 0.05). Maternal depression and anxiety were not related to age, weight, gestational age, negative events, or history of adverse pregnancy and childbirth (p > 0.05). Maternal depression and anxiety are closely related to salivary cortisol levels and educational background (p Conclusion: There is a close correlation between anxiety and depression and an increase in cortisol levels, suggesting that the salivary cortisol awakening response during pregnancy has a predictive effect on the occurrence of postpartum depression.

A Survey of Digital Content Required for STD Prevention Education Taught by School Nurses

Purpose: In recent years, there has been concern in Japan about the increase in STDs among adolescents aged 15 - 19. In order to prevent STDs and guide adolescents toward desirable sexual behavior, this study’s goal was to examine the actual state of STD prevention education taught by school nurses as part of the school curriculum, as well as the kinds of digital content they wish to have for teaching on the subject. Method: An anonymous, self-administered questionnaire was distributed by email and leaflet. Targeting the 100 valid responses received from the surveyed school nurses, descriptive statistics were made for each survey item and comparisons were made between the early- and mid-career groups based on years of experience. Results: 70.0% of respondents reported teaching about STDs in Health & Physical Education classes. School nurses in the early-career group used ready-made materials, while the mid-career group used both ready-made and self-made materials. 95% of respondents reported that they had little or no knowledge of STDs, while 84% reported that they were “good” or “fairly good” at teaching classes on sexuality. Both groups reported difficulty with the topics of “phimosis” and “nocturnal emissions” in the physiological category, “sexual behavior” in the “sex-adjacent” category, and “sexual and reproductive issues” in the psychosocial category. Respondents expressed a need for digital content covering the topics of “sexual violence”, “sexual abuse”, “sexually transmitted diseases”, and “how to turn down sex”. The mid-career group desired digital content for more items than the early-career group, with significant differences in the pathogens involved in sexually transmitted diseases and sex-adjacent items. 32.0% of respondents answered that they had done self-study for sex education classes in the past three years, and both groups desired self-study on “sexually transmitted diseases”, with the mid-career group significantly higher than the early-career group on “cervical cancer & HPV”, “emergency contraceptives”, and “media literacy”. Conclusion: Health & Physical Education is the main subject that covers STDs, and pre-existing materials are commonly used. It is expected that this is due to nurses’ busy schedules and the fact that only one school nurse is assigned to each school. The data collected suggested that nurse teachers want categorized digital content that can be used in the classes they are responsible for, rather than educational content on topics they are not comfortable with. In addition, given the changing environment surrounding sex, it was clear that they wish to understand the realities and needs of the high school students they teach, and desire self-study opportunities to improve their teaching methods.

Effect of Size and Initial Water Content on the Effective Diffusion Coefficient during Convective Drying of Sweet Potato Cut into Cubic and Cylindrical Shapes

In this article, we investigated the influence of size and initial water content on the effective diffusion coefficient of sweet potatoes samples cut into cubic and cylindrical shapes. The sizes of the cubic samples are 0.5, 1, 1.5, 1.75, 2, 2.5 and 3 cm edge with a respective initial water content of 2.7, 3.76, 3.48, 2.68, 3.28, 2.17 and 2.29 kg/kgms. For cylindrical samples, the radius is set at 0.5 cm and sample heights are 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5 and 4 cm with respective water contents of 2.2, 3.19, 2.85, 2.1, 2.17, 2.39 and 2.03 kg/kgms. The effective diffusion coefficients of cubic samples are of the order of 10−10 and 10−9 m2∙s−1 grew with sample edge. As for the cylindrical samples, the effective diffusion coefficients were of the order of 10−9 m2∙s−1 and there was no linear correlation between cylinder height and their effective diffusion coefficient. As for the examination of the initial water content on the effective diffusion coefficient, it turned out that the initial water content had no influence on the effective diffusion coefficient of the sweet potato samples.

Overview of Precious Metal Content Analysis Methods in Automotive Catalytic Converter

With the increasing awareness of environmental protection, people’s concern of pollution issues arising. Vehicles, as the most important means of transportation, its exhaust emission has received considerable attention. The catalytic converter is able to purify harmful substances in exhaust gas. The absolute content of precious metals in the catalytic converter dominates the exhaust gas purification effect. Accurate detection of precious metal content is of great significance for controlling the cost of catalysts, ensuring catalytic performance and recovering precious metals from spent catalysts. We herein summarized several instruments for precious metals content exploration, such as X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF), atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS), inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer (ICP) and spectrophotometer. In this thesis, the feasibility of using various devices for characterizing precious metal content in catalytic converters is analyzed and their strengths or weaknesses are elaborated.

壳源氦气成藏主控因素及资源评价方法研究

当前国内外尚无系统的氦气资源评价方法以及针对性的参数取值标准。通过天然气和氦气的成藏要素对比,明确了载体气和壳源氦气的异源同储、同源同储和同源异储3类共生关系,以及壳源氦气成藏的8个关键因素。构建了4类10种氦气资源分级分类评价方法,其中含量法包括5个亚类,统计法包括1个亚类,类比法包括3个亚类,成因法1个亚类,初步解决了氦气资源定量计算的难题。结果表明:高氦气含量的气藏一般为常压及低压气藏,氦气含量与氦源岩类型、铀钍含量和氦源岩规模3个参数呈正向关系,而与离主断裂距离、埋深和生烃强度3个参数呈负相关,适度的基底构造活动有利于氦气释放及富集。基于8类氦气成藏主控因素与氦气含量的定量关系,建立了氦气含量类比法。基于异源同储不同序的原理,构建了氦气资源规模序列法;基于放射性元素衰变释氦机理,建立了氦气成因法。氦气资源评价方法在国内外得到了较为广泛的应用,研究成果将为我国氦气储量规模发现提供了有效支撑。

深部矿山不同埋藏深度岩石拉压力学特性试验研究

岩石的物理力学特性随埋藏深度增大会发生变化。本文以云南某矿山900~1200 m深度范围内4个不同埋藏深度的矿体上下盘围岩(灰质白云岩)为研究对象,开展了不同含水条件下(自然状态和饱水状态)的单轴压缩和巴西劈裂试验,探明深部岩石力学基本物理力学特性随埋深的变化规律。研究结果表明:在研究的深度范围内,岩石基本物理成分组成及结构相似,随着岩石埋藏深度的增加,岩石试样的密度、纵波波速、单轴抗压强度、抗拉强度和弹性模量等均略微增大,而泊松比呈先增大后减小的趋势。含水条件对岩石的力学特性影响显著,不同埋藏深度的岩石试样进行饱水处理后其抗压强度、抗拉强度和弹性模量均明显减小,泊松比显著增大,其中岩石单轴抗压强度对水的敏感性高于其他参数对水的敏感性,各参数对水的敏感性排序为:抗压强度>弹性模量>泊松比>抗拉强度。本研究很好地揭示了深部矿山不同埋藏深度围岩的拉压力学特性变化规律。

玉米种子真空冷冻干燥微观实验研究及模型分析

目的 探究真空冷冻干燥技术对玉米种子的影响。方法 基于光学显微镜成像及真空冷冻干燥技术探究各冻干条件(冻结终温、升华干燥温度、解析干燥温度)对玉米种子细胞微观结构的影响。对比分析细胞形态学参数(当量直径、周长、面积、圆度)和含水率的变化规律,建立真空冷冻干燥条件与细胞形态学参数变化率之间关联的数学拟合模型。结果 细胞形态学参数变化率和含水率与冻结终温呈负相关趋势,随升华干燥和解析干燥温度的升高呈现先减少后增大的趋势,且升华干燥温度对玉米种子形态学参数变化率影响最大。在冻结终温为-25℃、升华干燥温度为5℃、解析干燥温度为40℃下,含水率(12.81%)最低。在细胞的当量直径(9.2%)、周长(8.4%)、面积(17.68%)的变化率最小且圆度(1.78%)小于4%时,干燥效果最好。采用二次多项式模型,决定系数R2均接近于1,FSSE和FRMSE均接近0。结论 该数学模型能较好地描述各真空冷冻干燥条件对玉米种子细胞形态学参数的影响,可在一定范围内对玉米米种子真空冷冻干燥后的品质进行控制。

Evaluation of Total Polyphenol and Flavonoid Contents of Fresh and Dried Pepper (Piper nigrum) from the Ivory Coast

The growing interest in the potential biological activity of polyphenols and flavonoids has highlighted necessity to assess their content in fresh and dried pepper from Ivory Coast. The total polyphenol content was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu test and the total flavonoid content was also measured spectrophotometrically using the aluminum chloride colorimetric test. The results obtained indicate the total polyphenol levels of fresh and dried peppers are higher in the samples collected in Danane (0.8 ± 0.05 mg GAE/100g) and in Azaguie (0.4 ± 0.08 mg GAE/100g). The lowest concentrations were obtained with fresh and dried pepper samples collected in N’douci (0.22 ± 0.02 mg GAE/100g) and in PK 103 (0.22 ± 0.02 mg GAE/100g). The highest content of total flavonoids was revealed in the locality of PK 103 (1.85 ± 0.62 mg EC/100g) followed by the locality of Maféré (1.37 ± 0.25 mg EC/100g) respectively for black pepper and green pepper. Then, the lowest flavonoid contents were obtained in the dried pepper of Lopou (0.57 ± 0.03 mg EC/100g) and the fresh pepper of PK 103 (0.47 ± 0.03 mg EC/100g). The results obtained highlight the importance of these black spices as promising sources of phenolic compounds and could be used in pharmaceutical treatments and in food.

基于内容分析法的临床药师岗位胜任力指标构建

目的 对国内外临床药师胜任力评价指标进行内容分析,为临床药师岗位胜任力构建提供参考。方法 检索国内外临床药师岗位胜任力相关文献,采用内容分析法对符合标准的文献进行分析。结果 最终纳入22篇文献及14篇胜任力评估框架及模型,提取个人素质、知识、个人能力、药学服务、教研5个一级类目、15个二级类目及61个三级类目。结论 初步构建了临床药师岗位胜任力指标体系,为临床药师开展实践工作提供参考。

急性脑出血模型大鼠脑组织中差异表达基因测序的验证及功能分析

背景:急性脑出血中存在差异表达的基因,这些基因与脑出血发生发展有关。目的:筛选急性脑出血大鼠模型脑组织中差异表达的基因和关键基因,并采用qPCR进行验证,分析关键基因与脑出血后神经功能、脑组织含水量的关系。方法:78只SD大鼠随机分为2组:脑出血组大鼠于右侧尾状核部位注射胶原酶构建脑出血模型,假手术组大鼠于相同部位注射等量生理盐水。运用TRIzol法将2组大鼠的脑组织提取出RNA,转录组测序,筛选急性脑出血脑组织的差异表达的基因,经过qPCR验证,分析基因与脑出血后神经功能、脑组织含水量的关系,并结合生物信息学对关键基因进行GO、KEGG功能富集分析。结果与结论:①筛选出10个关键基因,分别是CXCL8、SERPINE1、TFPI2、CXCR4、GDA、KCNQ5、ERICH3、SCN3B、CACNA1E、CCL20;②脑出血组的关键基因GDA、KCNQ5、ERICH3、SCN3B、CACNA1E含量低于假手术组(P<0.05),CXCL8、SERPINE1、TFPI2、CXCR4、CCL20含量高于假手术组(P<0.05);③关键基因GDA、KCNQ5、ERICH3、SCN3B、CACNA1E含量与脑组织含水量、神经功能缺损评分正相关(P<0.05),CXCL8、SERPINE1、TFPI2、CXCR4、CCL20含量与脑组织含水量、神经功能缺损评分负相关(P<0.05);④GO分析显示基因在生物过程差异表达基因主要富集于白细胞趋化性、趋化因子介导的信号通路;细胞组成差异表达基因主要富集于阳离子通道复合物、离子通道复合物;分子功能差异表达基因主要富集于门控通道活动、离子通道活动;⑤KEGG分析示基因集中于TNF信号通路、谷氨酸能突触、GABA能突触;⑥结论:在脑出血中出现差异表达的基因为CXCL8、SERPINE1、TFPI2、CXCR4、GDA、KCNQ5、ERICH3、SCN3B、CACNA1E、CCL20,这些基因与脑出血后脑组织含水量、神经功能相关,这些基因主要富集在细胞组分、结合功能、细胞突起等相关的生物学功能上。

机构投资者持股会助推企业“漂绿”吗--基于重污染企业社会责任报告披露的实证研究

以中国A股上市的455家重污染企业为样本,探究机构投资者与企业“漂绿”的关系。实证结果表明,机构投资者持股比例越高,企业发布社会责任报告的可能性越大,但报告内容披露的完整程度会降低,即机构投资者持股助推企业“漂绿”。机制分析表明,机构投资者持股可以通过提升公司盈利能力,助推企业“漂绿”,但通过降低公司负债水平来抑制企业“漂绿”。进一步分析发现,2016年绿色金融政策发布后,机构投资者持股对企业“漂绿”的助推效果减弱;机构投资者持股对国企“漂绿”行为的助推效果不明显。建议提升对公司绿色治理的监督力度,促使公司减少“漂绿”行为,更好地维护投资者的利益和社会效益。

A Proposed Meta-Reality Immersive Development Pipeline: Generative AI Models and Extended Reality (XR) Content for the Metaverse

The realization of an interoperable and scalable virtual platform, currently known as the “metaverse,” is inevitable, but many technological challenges need to be overcome first. With the metaverse still in a nascent phase, research currently indicates that building a new 3D social environment capable of interoperable avatars and digital transactions will represent most of the initial investment in time and capital. The return on investment, however, is worth the financial risk for firms like Meta, Google, and Apple. While the current virtual space of the metaverse is worth $6.30 billion, that is expected to grow to $84.09 billion by the end of 2028. But the creation of an entire alternate virtual universe of 3D avatars, objects, and otherworldly cityscapes calls for a new development pipeline and workflow. Existing 3D modeling and digital twin processes, already well-established in industry and gaming, will be ported to support the need to architect and furnish this new digital world. The current development pipeline, however, is cumbersome, expensive and limited in output capacity. This paper proposes a new and innovative immersive development pipeline leveraging the recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) for 3D model creation and optimization. The previous reliance on 3D modeling software to create assets and then import into a game engine can be replaced with nearly instantaneous content creation with AI. While AI art generators like DALL-E 2 and DeepAI have been used for 2D asset creation, when combined with game engine technology, such as Unreal Engine 5 and virtualized geometry systems like Nanite, a new process for creating nearly unlimited content for immersive reality is possible. New processes and workflows, such as those proposed here, will revolutionize content creation and pave the way for Web 3.0, the metaverse and a truly 3D social environment.

职业教育国家规划教材内容特征分析——以财经商贸大类为例

内容是教材的灵魂。采用内容分析法,从教材设计理念、教材结构、教材设计、纸数融合四个维度,对财经商贸大类“十四五”职业教育国家规划教材内容特征进行分析。研究发现:认可能力本位教材设计理念,与标准对接不足;“章—节”式目录结构仍占较大比重,教材内容主题分歧明显;标题式项目、理实叠加现象突出;数字资源以二维码融入微课视频为主,存在不一致、使用率不高问题。据此,提出提升高职专业教学标准适应性、内容描述详尽度和时效性,重视专业核心课程教材的技术理论知识开发,以实践性问题为纽带整合理论与实践知识,结合课程内容特性与学习者需求开发教材配套的数字化资源等优化对策。

智能助产术教学法——以“智能苏格拉底会话机器人”教学实践为例

当前,生成式人工智能与学生的人机会话主要是“知识讲述”型会话关系,这会影响学生的高阶思维能力发展。解决这一问题的关键是,如何将人机“知识讲述”型会话关系,转变为“知识转化”型会话关系。为此,研究者以助产术理论、ChatGPT、学习分析和腾讯QQ工具为基础,探索智能助产术教学法的学习发生机制,开发智能苏格拉底会话机器人,构建智能助产术教学模式。本研究采用准实验方法,以“远程教育学”课程为教学内容,以教育技术学专业本科生为对象,开展以智能会话机器人支持的教学实验。实验结果表明,智能助产术教学与直接使用ChatGPT的教学相比,能显著提升学生的问题解决能力、创新能力和协作学习能力,但是对学习绩效、批判性思维能力和自我效能感的影响不显著。为提高教学效果,研究者需提升计算机的系统算力,开发批判性思维学习支架,构建人机适切性互动机制,研制自我效能感提升策略。

如何走出AIGC的“科林格里奇困境”:全流程动态数据合规治理

[目的/意义]AIGC的快速发展带来了安全风险与规制问题,遵循AIGC的发展趋势构建全流程动态数据合规治理机制,能够帮助AIGC走出“科林格里奇困境”。[研究设计/方法]通过梳理AIGC与数据治理之间的赋能与保障关系,结合AIGC规制的国际实践经验进行“科林格里奇困境”规制博弈分析,探析AIGC创新发展与规制的路径。[结论/发现]无论是欧盟的强硬规制、中国的谨慎监管还是美国的行业自律,都在不同维度显现出规制的局限性,可以通过全流程动态化规制手段适配AIGC的动态化发展趋势,构建基于数据合规治理的AIGC全流程动态规制机制,帮助AIGC走出困境。[创新/价值]基于数据合规治理的AIGC动态规制机制能够不断改进规制体制和工具,为AIGC相关技术落地具体应用领域提供思路。

Comparison of Chronic Wound Inpatients and Outpatients’ Diets and Meals Nutrient Content in Taabo Wound Management Unit, Côte d’Ivoire

Chronic and potential non-healing wounds are a great challenge for patients, physicians, and wound care professionals and the health system. A balanced nutrition intake is essential for health as well as a speedy recovery of such wounds. The study objective was to compare chronic wound inpatients supplemented with food nutrient content with outpatients with their usual intake in a cross-sectional study. Patients’ food samples were taken for chemical analyses. The protein, beta-carotene, sodium, magnesium, manganese, and potassium content prove statistically significant differences. Outpatients’ diets are more diversified than inpatients’ diets, and supplementation diet richest in beta-carotene and in protein. Outpatients have better dietary diversity than those who were hospitalized. The result provides insights of supplementary food as critical issues pertaining to chronic wounds management. However, analyzing bioavailability of nutrient on patients’ blood may provide more knowledge in the appropriate integrated wound management.

元宇宙会是昙花一现吗?——“现象级”数智技术及其教育启示

从元宇宙到生成式人工智能,科技进步以指数级跃升态势,推动人类社会前行。教育作为连接技术与社会的人力资源纽带,在“现象级”数智技术高歌猛进的一波波热潮裹挟下不断面临“如何变”的拷问。随着元宇宙的讨论热度被生成式人工智能所取代,人们不禁追问:元宇宙会是昙花一现吗?为此,文章首先依托技术促进教育变革的原理,分析了以元宇宙、生成式人工智能为代表的“现象级”数智技术给教育领域带来的学习方式变迁、认知方式转变、教育关系演变和系统生态变革,并指出技术是教育变革的影响因素和驱动力,对教育发展起积极的推动作用。随后,文章通过对技术属性的解析来理解跃迁中的数智技术,并探析了数智技术促进教育发展的本质,即对学习方式、认知方式、教育关系和系统生态变革进行编程。最后,文章阐释了“现象级”数智技术的教育启示,以期为数智时代背景下技术促进教育发展的本质探索与意义解构提供启示,并引领未来数智教育的发展方向。

人工智能生成内容的著作权法之辩

根据输入指令与输出内容的比例关系,可将人工智能生成内容依次分为孪生内容、伴生内容和原生内容。人工智能生成内容主要涉及三个著作权法问题。一是机器阅读的法律性质问题,法定许可说能更好地兼顾著作权专有属性与公有属性,实现权利行使与限制的动态平衡。二是生成内容的可著作权性问题,需要结合内容类型并考虑输入指令的潜在影响。同比例复制的孪生内容不属于作品,差异化表达的伴生内容属于演绎作品,创造性表现的原生内容属于原创作品。三是生成内容的著作权归属问题,除另有协议外,需要结合内容类型并考虑所有者、使用者的贡献程度。孪生内容因不属于作品,无人享有著作权;所有者、使用者对伴生内容的形成均有重大贡献,基于概括合作行为与意识,所有者、使用者共同享有著作权;只有所有者对原生内容的形成具有重大贡献,所有者单独享有著作权。