基于GRASPS设计工具的八年级英语项目化教学实践研究——以“情景剧表演”为例

《英语课程标准》的基本原则中提到:要加强课程综合,注重关联,突出实践。然而传统的英语课堂只重视学生对英语知识的机械输入和积累,忽视学生英语学习过程的启发,特别是英语语言的实践活动,导致学生被动学习,课堂教学低效。笔者基于八年级学生的认知特点,以生活化的情景剧为表现形式,依托GRASPS设计工具和项目化学习进行教学改革,创设真实情境、突出学生主体、建立有效评价,给学生主动参与、体验、实践的机会,提升学生运用所学语言和跨学科知识创造性解决问题的能力。

Identification of an Aux/IAA regulator for flesh firmness using combined GWAS and bulked segregant RNA-Seq analysis in watermelon

Watermelon is a highly cultivated fruit crop renowned for its quality properties of fruit flesh.Among various quality factors,fruit flesh firmness is a crucial quality parameter influencing the fruit texture,shelf life and its commercial value.The auxin/indole-3-acetic acid(Aux/IAA)plays a significant role in fruit development and ripening of non-climacteric fruits.However,the regulatory mechanism of Aux/IAA in controlling fruit flesh firmness and ripening in watermelon remains unknown.In this study,we employed an integrative approach combining genome-wide association study(GWAS)and bulked segregant RNA-Seq analysis(BSR-Seq)to identify an overlapping candidate region between 12776310 and 12968331 bp on chromosome 6,underlying an auxin-responsive gene(Aux/IAA)associated with flesh firmness in watermelon.Transcriptome analysis,followed by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR(qRT-PCR),confirmed that the expression of Aux/IAA was consistently higher in fruits with high flesh firmness.The sequence alignment revealed a single base mutation in the coding region of Aux/IAA.Furthermore,the concomitant Kompetitive/Competitive allele-specific PCR(KASP)genotyping data sets for F2 population and germplasm accessions identified Aux/IAA as a strong candidate gene associated with flesh firmness.Aux/IAA was enriched in the plant hormone signal transduction pathway,involving cell enlargement and leading to low flesh firmness.We determined the higher accumulation of abscisic acid(ABA)in fruits with low flesh firmness than hard flesh.Moreover,overexpression of Aux/IAA induced higher flesh firmness with an increased number of fruit flesh cells while reducing ABA content and flesh cell sizes.Additionally,the allelic variation in Aux/IAA for soft flesh firmness was found to exist in Citrullus mucosospermus and gradually fixed into Citrullus lanatus during domestication,indicating that soft flesh firmness was a domesticated trait.These findings significantly enhanced our understanding of watermelon fruit flesh firmness and consequently the watermelon fruit quality.

Configuration Synthesis and Grasping Performance Analysis of Multi-Loop Coupling Capture Mechanism for Launch and Recovery of Torpedo-Shaped Autonomous Underwater Vehicle

Research of capture mechanisms with strong capture adaptability and stable grasp is important to solve the problem of launch and recovery of torpedo-shaped autonomous underwater vehicles(AUVs).A multi-loop coupling capture mechanism with strong adaptability and high retraction rate has been proposed for the launch and recovery of torpedo-shaped AUVs with different morphological features.Firstly,the principle of capturing motion retraction is described based on the appearance characteristics of torpedo-shaped AUVs,and the configuration synthesis of the capture mechanism is carried out using the method of constrained chain synthesis.Secondly,the screw theory is employed to analyze the degree of freedom(DoF)of the capture mechanism.Then,the 3D model of the capture mechanism is established,and the kinematics and dynamics simulations are carried out.Combined with the capture orientation requirements of the capture mechanism,the statics and vibration characteristics analyses are carried out.Furthermore,considering the capture process and the underwater working environment,the motion characteristics and hydraulics characteristics of the capture mechanism are analyzed.Finally,a principle prototype is developed and the torpedo-shaped AUVs capture experiment is completed.The work provides technical reserves for the research and development of AUV capture special equipment.

Innovation and Firm Co-ownership Network in China’s Electric Vehicle Industry

Firms are embedded in complex networks,where diverse ideas combine and generate new ideas.Shareholders of firms are of-ten seen as critical external resources that have significant influence on firm innovation.The current literature tends to focus on the rela-tionship between firms and their shareholders,while paying less attention to the connections between firms with the same shareholders.This article identifies two types of network spillover effects,intra-city network effect and inter-city network effect,by visualizing the co-ownership networks in China’s electric vehicle(EV)industry.We find that firms with the same shareholders,which are defined as co-owned EV firms,are more innovative than non-co-owned ones.Furthermore,there are two dominant types of firm co-ownership ties formed by corporate and financial institution shareholders.While corporate shareholders help exploiting local tacit knowledge,financial institutions are more active in bridging inter-city connections.The conclusion is confirmed at both firm and city levels.This paper theor-izes the firm co-ownership network as a new form of institutional proximity and tested the result empirically.For policy consideration,we have emphasized the importance of building formal or informal inter-firm network,and the government should further enhance the knowledge flow channel by institutional construction.

基于GRASPS的小学信息科技表现性任务设计——以《“服”想连篇》一课为例

作者利用GRASPS工具,立足核心素养导向,以“在线学习与生活”模块为例,挖掘基本问题,确立任务目标,设计评估标准与评价标准,设计了《“服”想连篇》一课的表现性任务,以期能够为测评信息学科核心素养提供新路经。

Global and International Security Under Spatial Grasp Paradigm

Global and international security cannot be provided from a single point or a set of separate points whatever powerful these might be(even with quantum supercomputers!).It should rather be deeply embedded and integrated with bodies of real systems wherever in physical,virtual,or combined spaces they may exist.So global security capabilities should not only be distributed,but rather be really spatial,self-organized,and dynamic,also exhibiting overall integrity,awareness,and consciousness features.The paper describes applicability of the patented and revealed in 10 books Spatial Grasp Model and Technology(SGT)and its basic Spatial Grasp Language(SGL)which conceptually and functionally match security problems of large distributed and heterogeneous systems.It investigates very practical security solutions for finding and tracing distribution of forbidden items,world roaming criminals,recovery from natural and human-made disasters,tracing and elimination of moving dangerous objects in terrestrial and celestial spaces,as well as analysis and restoration of damaged transport networks.It advises how different security infrastructures can be organized and managed,and how to cooperate and integrate within global security systems with higher awareness and consciousness levels over them.The provided security-oriented version of SGL can be quickly implemented and integrated with existing distributed management and security systems.

基于GRASP-PR混合算法的多目标EV充电任务序列优化模型

提出基于GRASP-PR混合算法的多目标EV充电任务序列优化模型,以提高配电网的平峰填谷能力,确保其稳定运行。根据EV出行特点,在分析无序充电模式对配电网负荷峰谷差影响的基础上,构建EV充电任务序列优化模型,采用引入路径重连策略的贪心随机自适应搜索算法对优化模型求解,确定最优EV充电任务序列调度方案。实验结果表明:在无序充电模式下,并网充电EV数量越多,配电网负荷峰谷差越大;该优化模型可实现EV充电任务序列的优化控制,达到平峰填谷效果,降低配电网运行成本、EV充电成本。

加权firm阈值奇异值分解及其旋转机械故障诊断

奇异值分解(Singular value decomposition,SVD)作为一种有效的信号降噪方法广泛应用于旋转机械振动信号周期性瞬态冲击提取中。传统SVD以能量为导向,无法提取出能量较弱但含故障信息丰富的奇异分量(Singular Component,SC)。为此,提出加权firm阈值奇异值分解(Weighted Firm Singular Value Decomposition,WFSVD)方法。该方法首先引入平方包络谱峭度(Squared Envelope Spectrum Kurtosis,SESK)作为量化故障敏感度的指标,以评估各个SC所含故障信息的丰富程度;其次,将SESK作为权重因子引入到基于firm阈值的SC去噪中,设计基于SESK的加权firm阈值SC去噪策略;最后,重构信号,实现信号降噪并有效提取故障特征。对于仿真信号与试验数据的分析验证了所提方法在周期性微弱瞬态冲击提取及旋转机械故障诊断中的有效性。

Computation of three-finger equilibrium and force-closure grasps

We proved a new necessary and sufficient condition for 2D three finger equilibrium grasps and implemented an geometrical algorithm for computing force closure grasps of arbitrary 2D objects in this article. The algorithm is quite simple and only needs some algebraic calculations. Finally, we implemented the algorithm and confirmed its usefulness by an example.

Stability Analysis of Grasps with a Robotic Multifingered Hand

Stability is a significant property for a robot hand grasp to perform complextasks similar to human hands. The common method to investigate the stability of roboticmulti-fingered grasp system is Lyapunov direct method, but usually it is rather difficult toconstruct a proper Lyapunov function. Avoiding the hard work of constructing a Lyapunov function, wepropose the sufficient conditions for stability of the robotic grasp system.

METHOD OF CLASSIFYING GRASPS BY ROBOT HANDS

This research characterizes grasping by multifingered robot hands through investiga- tion of the space of contact forces into four subspaces , a method is developed to determine the di- mensions of the subspaces with respect to the connectivity of the object. The relationship reveals the differences between three types of grasps classified and indicates how the contact force can be decomposed corresponding to each type of grasp. The subspaces and the determination of their di- mensions are illlustrated by examples.

SLAF marker based QTL mapping of fruit-related traits reveals a major-effect candidate locus ff2.1 for flesh firmness in melon

Flesh firmness(FF) is an important and complex trait for melon breeders and consumers. However, the genetic mechanism underlying FF is unclear. Here, a soft fruit melon(P5) and a hard fruit melon(P10) were crossed to generate F2, and the FF and fruit-related traits were recorded for two years. By performing quantitative trait locus(QTL) specificlocus amplified fragment(SLAF)(QTL-SLAF) sequencing and molecular marker-linkage analysis, 112 844 SLAF markers were identified, and 5 919 SNPs were used to construct a genetic linkage map with a total genetic distance of1 356.49 cM. Ten FF-and fruit-related QTLs were identified. Consistent QTLs were detected for fruit length(FL) and fruit diameter(FD) in both years, and QTLs for single fruit weight(SFW) were detected on two separate chromosomes in both years. For FF, the consistent major locus(ff2.1) was located in a 0.17-Mb candidate region on chromosome 2. Using 429 F2individuals derived from a cross between P5 and P10, we refined the ff2.1 locus to a 28.3-kb region harboring three functional genes. These results provide not only a new candidate QTL for melon FF breeding but also a theoretical foundation for research on the mechanism underlying melon gene function.

Resource constraints and firm innovation:When less is more?

This paper explores the relationship between resource constraints and innovation of new firms.Drawing upon the relevant literature,we incorporate resource constraints as the antecedent to the bricolage-innovation link.Compared to prior studies that treated resource constraints as a one-dimensional variable,we operationalize it along two dimensions:knowledge constraints and financial constraints.Our argument posits that knowledge constraints and financial constraints act as catalysts for innovation in new firms,with bricolage serving as a mediating role.To test our hypotheses,we conducted a survey involving 183 entrepreneurs in the United States.The data analysis demonstrates that bricolage fully mediates the relationship between knowledge con‐straints and innovation and partially mediates the relationship between financial constraints and innovation.Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

The impact of political connections on firm pollution: New evidence based on heterogeneous environmental regulation

Increasing attention has been focused on the extent to which corporate political connections influence the growing pollution due to the rapid growth in the popularity of firm pollution in developing countries.We adopt a static threshold regression model to investigate the effects of heterogeneous environmental regulation on political connections and firm pollution based on the panel data from China’s A-share listed companies from 2012 to 2019.The empirical results show a non-linear relationship between the degree of political connection of listed company executives and the level of firm pollution.And the relationship between the two roughly presents a U-shaped relationship under the action of the marketincentive environmental regulation threshold.However,it roughly presents an inverted N-shaped relationship under the action of the command-control environmental regulation threshold.Additionally,the group test results show that the existence of regional and ownership heterogeneity causes certain differences in the environmental behaviour of politically connected enterprises.These findings indicate that diverse environmental regulations are needed to promote sustainable green development and to further expand the theoretical and practical exploration of political connections on firm pollution.

Identifying Spatial Heterogeneity in the Effects of High-Tech Firm Density on Housing Prices:Evidence from Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area,China

Innovation capitalization is a new concept in innovation geography research.Extant research on a city scale has proven that innovation is an important factor affecting housing prices and verified that innovation has a capitalization effect.However,few studies investigate the spatial heterogeneity of innovation capitalization.Thus,case verification at the urban agglomeration scale is needed.Therefore,this study proposes a theoretical framework for the spatial heterogeneity of innovation capitalization at the urban agglomeration scale.Examining the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area(GHMGBA),China as a case study,the study investigated the spatial heterogeneity of the influence of high-tech firms,representing innovation,on housing prices.This work verified the spatial heterogeneity of innovation capitalization.The study constructed a data set influencing housing prices,comprising 11 factors in 5 categories(high-tech firms,convenience of living facilities,built environment,the natural environment,and the fundamentals of the districts)for 419 subdistricts in the GHMGBA.On the global scale,the study finds that high-tech firms have a significant and positive influence on housing prices,with the housing price increasing by 0.0156%when high-tech firm density increases by 1%.Furthermore,a semi-geographically weighted regression(SGWR)analysis shows that the influence of high-tech firms on housing prices has spatial heterogeneity.The areas where high-tech firms have a significant and positive influence on housing prices are mainly in the GuangzhouFoshan metropolitan area,western Shenzhen-Dongguan,north-central Zhongshan-Nansha district,and Guangzhou—all areas with densely distributed high-tech firms.These results confirm the spatial heterogeneity of innovation capitalization and the need for further discussion of its scale and spatial limitations.The study offers implications for relevant GHMGBA administrative authorities for spatially differentiated development strategies and housing policies that consider the role of innovation in successful urban development.

创新对企业MD&A叙述性信息披露策略的影响

研发和创新具有投入高、周期长和不确定性高的特征,这使得高创新企业面临较低的透明度和较高的专有成本。一方面为了满足投资者决策需要,防止信息不对称所导致的价值低估,企业有动机提供更多信息;另一方面创新所伴有的专有成本,又使得企业存在专有信息被现有和潜在竞争对手获取的顾虑,从而选择提供模糊信息的披露策略。本文利用2001—2019年A股上市公司数据,检验了企业创新对MD&A叙述性信息披露策略的影响。研究结果表明,随着企业创新的增加,企业叙述性信息披露的信息含量上升(文本相似度显著下降),但是披露的信息质量下降(文本可读性显著降低)。该结果说明管理层既希望向投资者传递更多信息,又担心来自竞争对手的威胁,即管理层会选择释放更多的叙述性信息并模糊表达。上述结果存在于行业竞争更激烈、融资约束程度较高和高管持股比例较高的情况下。本文结论对知识产权信息披露与管理层披露策略选择具有一定的借鉴意义。

客户资产减值与供应商企业投资

高效投资是产业链安全的重要保证,供应链信息溢出效应会导致客户信息对供应商企业投资产生影响。本文运用中国上市公司的供应商企业—客户关系数据,考察了客户资产减值如何影响供应商企业投资。研究发现,客户资产减值会降低供应商企业的投资水平,这验证了客户资产减值在供应链上存在溢出效应。进一步研究发现,客户资产减值通过使供应商企业的管理层产生悲观预期,以及加剧供应商企业的经营风险,进而降低供应商企业的投资水平,但未通过减少信贷资源供给影响供应商企业的投资。此外,对于非国有控股、较弱议价能力、较低行业资产流动性及较高客户媒体关注度的供应商企业,客户资产减值对其投资水平的负向影响更为明显。本文研究结论不仅为客户信息影响上游供应商企业投资提供了经验证据,而且还为监管层规范企业计提资产减值行为,进而提升供应链整体投资效率提供了政策启示。

家族企业更重视员工利益吗?——基于劳动力成本粘性的考察视角

家族企业追求“基业长青”,其在对待员工这一重要利益相关者时,是否会表现出显著的行为偏好和特征?本文切入劳动力成本粘性的研究视角,以2003年—2019年民营上市公司为对象,考察了家族企业劳动力成本的决策行为表现及其机理.研究结果表明,与非家族企业相比,家族企业进行劳动力成本调整时会表现出更强的粘性特征,且随着家族持股水平提升、进入代际传承阶段以及董事会中家族成员占比提高,劳动力成本粘性现象会更加突出.进一步研究发现:维护员工关系和保持良好声誉是造成这一现象的主要原因;家族企业中的劳动力成本粘性具体表现为用工粘性,而非薪酬粘性;行业竞争程度和非劳动密集性都会加剧家族企业的劳动力成本粘性;家族企业承担适当的劳动力成本粘性还有助于促进生产效率,实现劳资“互惠”.本文既丰富了家族企业行为特征和成本粘性影响因素的相关研究,也为处理劳资关系和实现共同富裕提供了一定的现实启示.

结合实例分割与抓取筛选的堆叠目标抓取方法

为了在种类多样、位姿随机、背景散乱的堆叠场景下得到机器人抓取目标物体的最优次序与抓取位姿,本文提出一种结合实例分割与抓取筛选的堆叠目标抓取方法,包含抓取次序推理与抓取位姿检测两部分.抓取次序推理部分,首先设计基于自注意力与边界细化的实例分割网络,利用自注意力模块提升特征提取能力,并通过边界细化模块提高堆叠场景下物体边界的分割精度;其次提出一种抓取筛选方法,运用判断物体间完整掩码是否重叠与优先抓取分数排序的策略,筛选出目标最上层未被遮挡的物体为待抓取目标,以减少机器人多余抓取动作.抓取位姿检测部分,为适应不同尺度物体的检测,设计融合多尺度密集残差模块的抓取位姿检测网络,以保留物体的多尺度特征,从而适应不同尺度物体的检测.实验结果表明,本方法能够有效推理出堆叠场景下的抓取次序,并准确检测出物体的位姿,以实现目标的抓取.

金融科技赋能下供应链金融对企业价值的影响

发展供应链金融对于深化金融供给侧结构性改革,增强金融服务实体经济具有不容忽视的重要战略意义.本文通过对2007年-2019年中国A股上市公司全部320.8万篇公告的文本数据信息进行收集整理,实证检验了上市公司发展供应链金融业务对企业价值的影响.研究结果表明:发展供应链金融在短期可以促进企业股价的上涨,在长期可以促进企业价值的提升,并且上市公司采用的供应链金融业务越多,公告中提到供应链金融词汇越频繁,这种提升效果越显著.发展供应链金融业务可以通过信号传递效应、风险承担效应、系统管理效应促进企业价值提高.在供应链金融相关公告中提到金融科技词汇的词频越高,上市公司获得的企业价值提升效果越强.金融科技可以为股票流动性较低、风险承担较弱的企业发展供应链金融业务起到更强的赋能效果.在进行一系列稳健性检验之后,上述结论依然成立.本文不仅为中国公司发展供应链金融业务提高企业价值,提供了基于公开市场数据大样本的实证证据,也对国家和地方政府支持供应链金融的发展具有现实启示。