Construction and Analysis of Three-dimensional Graphic Model of Single-chain Fv Derived from an Anti-human Placental Acidic Isoferritin Monoclonal Antibody by Computer

Summary: A three-dimensional (3D) graphic model of a single-chain Fv (scFv) which was derived from an anti-human placental acidic isoferritin (PAF) monoclonal antibody (MAb) was construct- ed by a homologous protein-predicting computer algorithm on Silicon graphic computer station. The structure, surface static electricity and hydrophobicity of scFv were investigated. Computer graphic modelling indicated that all regions of scFv including the linker, variable regions of the heavy (VH) and light (VL) chains were suitable. The VH region and the VL region were involved in composing the 'hydrophobic pocket'. The linker was drifted away VH and VL regions. The complementarity determining regions (CDRs) of VH and VL regions surrounded the 'hydrophobic pocket'. This study provides a theory basis for improving antibody affinity, investigating antibody structure and analyzing the functions of VH and VL regions in antibody activity.

Three-dimensional coupled-mode model and characteristics of low-frequency sound propagation in ocean waveguide with seamount topography

Large-scale topography, such as a seamount, substantially impacts low-frequency sound propagation in an ocean waveguide, limiting the application of low-frequency acoustic detecting techniques. A three-dimensional(3D) coupledmode model is developed to calculate the acoustic field in an ocean waveguide with seamount topography and analyze the3D effect. In this model, a correction is introduced in the bottom boundary, theoretically making the acoustic field satisfy the energy conservation. Furthermore, a large azimuth angle calculation range is obtained by using the operator theory and higher-order Pade approximation. Additionally, the model has advantages related to the coupling mode and parabolic equation theory. The couplings corresponding to the effects of range-dependent environment are fully considered, and the numerical implementation is kept feasible. After verifying the accuracy and reliability of the model, low-frequency sound propagation characteristics in the seamount environment are analyzed. The results indicate lateral variability in bathymetry can lead to out-of-plane effects such as the horizontal refraction phenomenon, while the coupling effect tends to restore the abnormal sound field and produces acoustic field diffraction behind the seamount. This model effectively considers the effects of the horizontal refraction and coupling, which are proportional to the scale of the seamount.

Mathematical Modeling of the Influence of the Wind Field Structure in the Atmosphere on the Cloud Formation Processes

The state of the physics of convective clouds and cloud seeding is discussed briefly. It is noted that at the present time there is a transition from the stage of investigation of “elementary” processes in the clouds to the stage of studying the formation of macro- and microstructural characteristics of clouds as a whole, taking into account their system properties. The main directions of the development of cloud physics at the upcoming stage of its development are discussed. The paper points out that one of these areas is the determination of the structure-forming factors for the clouds and the study of their influence on their formation and evolution. It is noted that one of such factors is the interaction of clouds with their surrounding atmosphere, and the main method of studying its role in the processes of cloud formation is mathematical modeling. A three-dimensional nonstationary model of convective clouds is presented with a detailed account of the processes of thermohydrodynamics and microphysics, which is used for research. The results of modeling the influence of the wind field structure in the atmosphere on the formation and evolution of clouds are presented. It is shown that the dynamic characteristics of the atmosphere have a significant effect on the formation of macro- and microstructural characteristics of convective clouds: the more complex the structure of the wind field in the atmosphere (i.e., the more intense the interaction of the atmosphere and the cloud), the less powerful the clouds are formed.

Three-dimensional structural models,evolution and petroleum geological significances of transtensional faults in the Ziyang area,central Sichuan Basin,SW China

With drilling and seismic data of Transtensional(strike-slip)Fault System in the Ziyang area of the central Sichuan Basin,SW China plane-section integrated structural interpretation,3-D fault framework model building,fault throw analyzing,and balanced profile restoration,it is pointed out that the transtensional fault system in the Ziyang 3-D seismic survey consists of the northeast-trending F_(I)19 and F_(I)20 fault zones dominated by extensional deformation,as well as 3 sets of northwest-trending en echelon normal faults experienced dextral shear deformation.Among them,the F_(I)19 and F_(I)20 fault zones cut through the Neoproterozoic to Lower Triassic Jialingjiang Formation,presenting a 3-D structure of an“S”-shaped ribbon.And before Permian and during the Early Triassic,the F_(I)19 and F_(I)20 fault zones underwent at least two periods of structural superimposition.Besides,the 3 sets of northwest-trending en echelon normal faults are composed of small normal faults arranged in pairs,with opposite dip directions and partially left-stepped arrangement.And before Permian,they had formed almost,restricting the eastward growth and propagation of the F_(I)19 fault zone.The F_(I)19 and F_(I)20 fault zones communicate multiple sets of source rocks and reservoirs from deep to shallow,and the timing of fault activity matches well with oil and gas generation peaks.If there were favorable Cambrian-Triassic sedimentary facies and reservoirs developing on the local anticlinal belts of both sides of the F_(I)19 and F_(I)20 fault zones,the major reservoirs in this area are expected to achieve breakthroughs in oil and gas exploration.

Heuristic Quasi-physical Algorithm for Protein Structure Prediction

A three-dimensional off-lattice protein model with two species of monomers, hydrophobic and hydrophilic, is studied. Enligh- tened by the law of reciprocity among things in the physical world, a heuristic quasi-physical algorithm for protein structure prediction problem is put forward. First, by elaborately simulating the movement of the smooth elastic balls in the physical world, the algorithm finds low energy configurations for a given monomer chain. An ＂off-trap＂ strategy is then proposed to get out of local minima. Experimental results show promising performance. For all chains with lengths 13≤n ≤55, the proposed algorithm finds states with lower energy than the putative ground states reported in literatures. Furthermore, for chain lengths n = 21, 34, and 55, the algorithm finds new low energy configurations different from those given in literatures.

我国生物类似药发展现状及挑战

目的:促进生物类似药发展,提高临床用药安全性和经济性。方法:通过文献分析法,了解我国生物类似药的发展现状,并对其生产研发、临床应用和安全监测方面存在的问题进行分析,参考霍尔三维空间结构模型,构建生物类似药管理结构。结果:我国生物类似药发展过程面临本土培养基供应受限、质量相似性难控、医患双方接受度不高、临床循证指南缺失等挑战。结论:分阶段关注生物类似药的发展,前端生产研发中,促进本土培养基企业培育,规范制药企业生产;中端临床应用中,完善临床循证指南,加强医务人员专业教育;末端安全监测中,加强不良反应监测以及对特殊人群的重点监测。

3D Modeling and Simulation of Fancy Fabrics in Weft Knitting

Weft knitted fancy fabrics are widely used in knitted garment design. Due to the complexity of the structures, their modeling and simulation needs to be solved in three-dimensional (3D) CAD developments. In this paper, 3D loop geometrical models of weft knitted fancy structures, including tuck stitch, jacquard stitch, transfer stitch and fleecy stitch, were developed based on an improved model of plain loop, and their central axes as some 3D space curves were achieved by using Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines (NURBS). The 3D visual simulation programme was written in C++ programming language using OpenGL, which was a function library of 3D graphics. Some examples of weft knitted fancy fabrics were generated and practical application of 3D simulation was discussed.

Characterization and Three-dimensional Structural Modeling of Humic Acid via Molecular Mechanics and Molecular Dynamic Simulation

The humic acid（HA） sample obtained from the alluvial soil was characterized by elemental composition, pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（Py-GC-MS） and solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance （13C NMR） spectroscopy. There is high fat content and a few nitrogen-containing functional groups in HA. Py-GC-MS demonstrates the characterization and structural identification of HA. One long list of identified pyrolysis products was proposed for the construction of conceptual model of HA. Solid-state 13C NMR data indicate there are higher values of alkyl-C, O-alkyl-C and aryl-C in HA. The elemental composition, structural carbon distribution and L3C NMR spectroscopy of simulated HA are consistent with those of experimental HA. HyperChem was used to simulate the three-dimensional molecular structure of the monomer, which was optimized by the molecular mechanics of the optimized potential for liquid simulations（OPLS） force field and molecular dynamics simulation to get the stable and balanced conformation. The deprotonation process study depicts that the degree of ionization of HA gets deeper, while the electronegativity of HA and the energy of van der Waals（vdW） increase. Moreover, the 3D structure of humic acid with -4 charges is the most stable. The deprotonation process is an endothermic process.

Effects of three-dimensional quality assessment nursing intervention on efficacy and disease management of patients undergoing esophageal cancer surgery

BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors.The three-dimensional quality structure model is a quality assessment theory that includes three dimensions:Structure,process,and results.AIM To investigate the effects of nursing interventions with three-dimensional quality assessment on the efficacy and disease management ability of patients undergoing esophageal cancer surgery.METHODS In this prospective study,the control group received routine nursing,and the intervention group additionally received a three-dimensional quality assessment intervention based on the above routine care.Self-efficacy and patient disease management abilities were evaluated using the General Self-Efficacy Scale(GSES)and Exercise of Self-Care Agency scale,respectively.IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows,version 17.0,was used for the data processing.RESULTS This study recruited 112 patients who were assigned to the control and experi-mental groups(n=56 per group).Before the intervention,there was no significant difference in GSES scores between the two groups(P>0.05).After the inter-vention,the GSES scores of both groups increased,with the experimental group showing higher values(P<0.05).At the time of discharge and three months after discharge,the scores for positive attitudes,self-stress reduction,and total score of health promotion in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The implementation of a three-dimensional quality structure model for postoperative patients with esophageal cancer can effectively improve their self-management ability and self-efficacy of postoperative patients.

Hall Effects on Unsteady MHD Three Dimensional Flow through a Porous Medium in a Rotating Parallel Plate Channel with Effect of Inclined Magnetic Field

In this paper, we make an initial value investigation of the unsteady flow of incompressible viscous fluid between two rigid non-conducting rotating parallel plates bounded by a porous medium under the influence of a uniform magnetic field of strength H0 inclined at an angle of inclination α with normal to the boundaries taking hall current into account. The perturbations are created by a constant pressure gradient along the plates in addition to the non-torsional oscillations of the upper plate while the lower plate is at rest. The flow in the porous medium is governed by the Brinkman’s equations. The exact solution of the velocity in the porous medium consists of steady state and transient state. The time required for the transient state to decay is evaluated in detail and the ultimate quasi-steady state solution has been derived analytically. Its behaviour is computationally discussed with reference to the various governing parameters. The shear stresses on the boundaries are also obtained analytically and their behaviour is computationally discussed.

基于霍尔三维结构的装备测试性验证试验框架设计

测试性属于装备通用质量特性,是影响装备保障效能发挥的重要因素,测试性验证是为了确认装备是否实现了测试性设计要求而进行的试验验证,需要从多个方面对装备设计工作进行评估。通过构建霍尔三维结构模型,从系统工程角度进行全面分析,结合不同阶段和步骤所必备的专业知识和技能,形成了由时间维、工作维和知识维所组成的三维空间结构,提出了基于霍尔三维结构模型的测试性验证试验理论框架,对提升装备测试性验证试验的系统性、标准化建设具有重要意义。

基于霍尔三维结构的铁路建设项目成本控制研究

在铁路建设工程的项目投资中经常出现超支现象,为提高铁路建设的经济效益,需要从设计、施工及采购方面来加强成本控制。本文基于霍尔三维结构模型理论,提出了一种铁路建设项目的成本控制模型。从系统工程学角度进行分析,针对不同维度的成本控制问题给出了相应的解决方案,对相关铁路建设项目的成本控制提供参考意义。

组合赋权-云模型在焊接工艺评定中的应用

为了提高焊接工艺评定的合格率,将云模型方法引入焊接工艺评定中,运用霍尔三维模型构建焊接工艺评定指标体系,并选用组合赋权-云模型方法对其进行评估。首先,结合前人经验、国家标准和国家相关文件确定备选评估指标集;其次,采纳专家意见,优化改进指标体系,确定了由7个一级指标和17个二级指标的焊接工艺评定指标体系,然后运用层次分析法和熵权法分别计算各指标主客观权重,再引入距离函数计算得出主客观权重系数,得出组合权重,并建立焊接工艺评定云模型;最后,以昆明锅炉有限责任公司相关焊接工艺指导书作为原始资料,进行实例验证。结果表明,组合赋权-云模型的评定结果与实际检验结果一致,该评定方法有效可靠,可为进一步提高焊接工艺评定的正确性提供参考。

航空物流专业方向的立体式实践教学体系构建

运用霍尔三维结构模型,结合航空物流专业方向实践教学存在的问题,从时间维、空间维、能力维三个维度出发,构建了一个融合教学内容、条件、目标的航空物流专业方向的立体式实践教学体系模型。

基于霍尔三维结构的工业设计模型研究

以霍尔三维结构的思想为启示,论述了在工业设计活动中引入霍尔系统工作方法论的必要性和可行性,结合工业设计学科特点,从时间维、逻辑维、知识维3个维度进行了简要分析。在此基础上,提出了工业设计系统模型的初步构建,旨在为产品设计的实施提供系统化、整体性的理论引导,对于工业设计活动具有方法论层面的指导意义。

地铁站厅内人员疏散路径选择影响因素研究

基于调查问卷和现场实验探究影响疏散路径选择行为的主要因素,构建结构方程模型,从潜变量的角度对受困人员疏散路径选择行为进行深入研究,揭示在不同应激环境下站厅内受困人员的判断倾向和选择行为特征.研究表明:(1)调查问卷和现场实验这两种方法由于研究对象所处的应激环境不同,导致分析结果存在一定差异;(2)光照条件、路径距离(长短)、人流导向以及指示标记对人员疏散路径选择影响较大,且在不同应激状态下各因素的影响效果存在一定差异.鉴于此,建议在实际应急疏散管理工作中应充分考虑各影响因素对疏散效果的影响,合理设置有效的疏散路径.

基于霍尔三维结构的公共基础设施PPP项目融资模式的风险研究

笔者以霍尔三维模型为基础,把公共基础设施PPP项目按照逻辑维、知识维、时间维划分建立公共基础设施项目风险控制的三维结构。对公共基础设施PPP项目利益相关各方在项目整个生命周期各个阶段的风险进行分析和处理,使项目利益相关各方的风险与收益相匹配,以保证公共基础设施PPP项目的顺利实施。

基于霍尔三维结构的技术创新方法培训体系研究

在分析培训和推广技术创新方法重要性的基础上,结合霍尔三维结构模型,建立了培训推广技术创新方法的三维结构模型,明确了各阶段的目标和交付物。将"四元主体"模型运用于创新方法培训主体关系研究,根据主导驱动元素的不同把四元主体模型阶段分为政府推动型、机构推动型和自觉发展型3个主要表现形态,并阐述了四元主体与三维结构模型的关系。

医学生信息素养的三维教学模式探析

以霍尔三维结构理论为指导,结合医学生信息素养教育特点,对信息素养教学的时间维、逻辑维、知识维3方面进行全面分析,构建新的医学生信息素养教育三维教学模式,并结合本校的医学文献检索课程分章节进行了实证探讨。实践证明,基于霍尔三维结构的医学生信息素养教学新模式,对课程设计、课堂教学、教学反馈、提高教学效果、全面提升医学生信息素养均具有良好的现实作用。

科研导师制对预防医学生创新能力培养的三维模式研究

以霍尔三维结构分析方法为理论依据,将影响科研导师制的要素分为时间维、知识维、逻辑维/条件维三个维度,同时综合考虑科研导师制实施过程中的实际情况,提出科研导师制对预防医学本科生创新能力培养的三维模式。