Effective dynamics for a spin-1/2 particle constrained to a curved layer with inhomogeneous thickness

We derive an effective Hamiltonian for a spin-1/2 particle confined within a curved thin layer with non-uniform thickness using the confining potential approach.Our analysis reveals the presence of a pseudo-magnetic field and effective spin–orbit interaction(SOI)arising from the curvature,as well as an effective scalar potential resulting from variations in thickness.Importantly,we demonstrate that the physical effect of additional SOI from thickness fluctuations vanishes in low-dimensional systems,thus guaranteeing the robustness of spin interference measurements to thickness imperfection.Furthermore,we establish the applicability of the effective Hamiltonian in both symmetric and asymmetric confinement scenarios,which is crucial for its utilization in one-side etching systems.

EFFECT OF SPECIMEN SIZE ON J_R RESISTANCE CURVE

The effect of specimen thinkness on JR resistance curve has been investigated using low and middle strength steels. As the J dominance regime is reached, the initial J-integral values, J(i), are definite even if the elastic component Ji(e) and plastic component Ji(p)vary with the thinkness of specimen. The wider the specimen width, the larger the Ji(e)/Ji and the smaller the Ji(p)/Ji. The crack propagation resistance, dJR/da and dJp/da, decreases, while dJe/da increases linearly with increasing specimen thinness.Based on the above experimental results, an empirical formula dJ/da = α+β. B is given, which can be used to evaluate the safety of practical structural components.A modified J-integral is presented, upon which a new view is Put forward that the increase in crack growth resistance is induced mainly by the increase in the plastic J-integral component with the crack propagation,

Curved surface effect and emission on silicon nanostructures

The curved surface （CS） effect on nanosilicon plays a main role in the activation for emission and photonic manipulation. The CS effect breaks the symmetrical shape of nanosilicon on which some bonds can produce localized electron states in the band gap. The investigation in calculation and experiment demonstrates that the different curvatures can form the characteristic electron states for some special bonding on the nanosilicon surface, which are related to a series of peaks in photoluminecience （PL）, such as LN, LNO, Lo1, and Lo2 lines in PL spectra due to Si-N, Si-NO, Si=O, and Si-O-Si bonds on curved surface, respectively. Si-Yb bond on curved surface of Si nanostructures can provide the localized states in the band gap deeply and manipulate the emission wavelength into the window of optical communication by the CS effect, which is marked as the Lyb line of electroluminescence （EL） emission.

Morphological disruption and visual tuning alterations in the primary visual cortex in glaucoma(DBA/2J)mice

Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreve rsible blindness wo rldwide,and previous studies have shown that,in addition to affecting the eyes,it also causes abnormalities in the brain.However,it is not yet clear how the primary visual cortex(V1)is altered in glaucoma.This study used DBA/2J mice as a model for spontaneous secondary glaucoma.The aim of the study was to compare the electrophysiological and histomorphological chara cteristics of neurons in the V1between 9-month-old DBA/2J mice and age-matched C57BL/6J mice.We conducted single-unit recordings in the V1 of light-anesthetized mice to measure the visually induced responses,including single-unit spiking and gamma band oscillations.The morphology of layerⅡ/Ⅲneurons was determined by neuronal nuclear antigen staining and Nissl staining of brain tissue sections.Eighty-seven neurons from eight DBA/2J mice and eighty-one neurons from eight C57BL/6J mice were examined.Compared with the C57BL/6J group,V1 neurons in the DBA/2J group exhibited weaker visual tuning and impaired spatial summation.Moreove r,fewer neuro ns were observed in the V1 of DBA/2J mice compared with C57BL/6J mice.These findings suggest that DBA/2J mice have fewer neurons in the VI compared with C57BL/6J mice,and that these neurons have impaired visual tuning.Our findings provide a better understanding of the pathological changes that occur in V1 neuron function and morphology in the DBA/2J mouse model.This study might offer some innovative perspectives regarding the treatment of glaucoma.

A Review of Geothermal Type-Curves with Damage Effect: A Case of Practical Apply to a Mexican Geothermal Field

A review of the art state was developed about the inflow relationships and their application for reservoir characterization. The theoretical development of the methodology for determining the damage effect using type-curves of the inflow relationships was shown. We show the process followed for achieve the geothermal type-curve affected with damage for reservoirs with mean salinities of 30000 ppm and temperatures up to 350℃. This type-curve was applied using measurement production data in a Mexican geothermal field. According with the obtained results is shown that the methodology for determining the damage effect using production measurements is a sure alternative for the damage effect calculation. It was used an alternative methodology in order to validate the damage presence and the obtained results were consistent. Last thing shows that both methodologies can be combined as a confident manner.

Analysis of the generation mechanism of the S-shaped J–V curves of MoS_(2)/Si-based solar cells

Amorphous–microcrystalline MoS_(2)thin films are fabricated using the sol-gel method to produce MoS_(2)/Si-based solar cells. The generation mechanisms of the S-shaped current density–voltage(J–V) curves of the solar cells are analyzed. To improve the performance of the solar cells and address the problem of the S-shaped J–V curve, a MoS_(2)film and a p^(+) layer are introduced into the front and back interfaces of the solar cell, respectively, which leads to the formation of a p–n junction between the p-Si and the MoS_(2)film as well as ohmic contacts between the MoS_(2)film and the ITO, improving the S-shaped J–V curve. As a result of the high doping characteristics and the high work function of the p^(+) layer, a high–low junction is formed between the p;and p layers along with ohmic contacts between the p;layer and the Ag electrode. Consequently,the S-shaped J–V curve is eliminated, and a significantly higher current density is achieved at a high voltage. The device exhibits ideal p–n junction rectification characteristics and achieves a high power-conversion efficiency(CE) of 7.55%. The findings of this study may improve the application of MoS_(2)thin films in silicon-based solar cells, which are expected to be widely used in various silicon-based electronic and optical devices.

Study on Project Progress Curve Model

Because of the discrepancy of project types,the project progress curves present different characteristics.Studying project progress curves can reduce management risk of project and overall grasp the enforcement condition of the project.Combining project characteristic,this paper reaches 4 kinds of project progress curve patterns.If the front of the progress curve is concave,and its rear is protruding in the break point,it is named as S model.If its front is protruding and its rear is concave in the break point,it is named as the reverse side of S model.If the front and rear are concave in the break point,it is named as J model,and two half sections are both upward protruding,it is named as the reverse side of J model.Through a case study,it shows that application project progress curve model can better raise project management.

Inverse J-curve of RMB Appreciation:China Versus America

This is a research report of the study on the inverse J-curve effect of RMB appreciation based on the empirical analysis of trading data between China and America during 1994-2012.This report uses the Marshall-Lerner conditions on J-curve effect explanation,and theoretically analyzes the inverse J-curve effect.Through empirical analysis,that reveals the empirical results exist the‘inverse J-curve effect’in the process of Chinese Yuan appreciation.

基于Curve Fitting Toolbox的普朗克常数测定

介绍了使用MATLAB曲线拟合工具箱(Curve Fitting Toolbox)对光电效应实验数据进行曲线拟合,并利用曲线拟合的结果计算得到了普朗克常数.结果显示,利用曲线拟合工具箱能方便、直观的对实验数据进行拟合,使得实验的数据处理过程方便、准确.

Study on curved surface fitting model using GPS and leveling in local area

The height anomaly surface is fitt and the quasi-geoid can be obtained when the height anomaly is determined with the geometric analytic method. Therefore, some mathematical models to fit height anomaly surface using GPS, leveling and terrain data in a local area, including the polynomial fitting model, the multi-surface function fitting model, the motion surface fitting model and the fitting model of little flexibility deformation of thin board, are given. Then the digital characteristics are analyzed with the curved surface theory. The General curvature and the mean curvature of surface are concluded. The advantage, disadvantage and application of the above models are discussed. The effect of terrain undulation on height anomaly is considered in the surface fitting models. The practical case indicates that these models are of validity and practicability. It is concluded that the above models can give the good fitting results at the centimeter level. But the polynomial fitting model is worse than the other models.

Jahn-Teller Effect on Binary Indium Bromide─An Ab Initio Study

In order to elucidate the unusual chemical sensitivity of binary indium bromides. thepotential energy surface of the model complex InBr87- has been studied by means of ah initio all-electron calculation with larger basis sets. The configuration is on a local maximum of the energysurface and crystal potential around In+ is soft, allowing small spontaneous distortions as a result ofa second-order Jahn-Teller instability.

Impact of Monthly Curve Number on Daily Runoff Estimation for Ozat Catchment in India

The Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS-CN) is a well-established loss-rate model to estimate runoff. It combines watershed parameters and climatic factors in one entity curve number (CN). The CN exhibits an inherent seasonality beyond its spatial variability, which cannot be accounted for by the conventional methods. In the present study, an attempt has been made to determine the CN for different months of monsoon season with an objective to evaluate the impact of monthly CN on runoff estimation for Ozat catchment (Gujarat State, India). The standard CN and month wise CN were determined by three procedures, viz, the median, geometric mean and standard asymptotic fit using gauged rainfall and runoff. This study shows that the predictive capability of CN determination methods can be improved by using monthly CN. Refined Willmott’s index (dr) and mean absolute error (MAE) were used to assess and validate the performance of each method. The asymptotic fit CN method with monthly CN resulting dr from 0.46 to 0.49 and MAE from 1.13 mm to 1.18 mm was judged to be more consistent with the existing commonly used CN methods in terms of runoff estimation for the study area.

Development of seismic fragility curves for precast concrete frames with cast-in-situ concrete shear-walls

Precast reinforced concrete buildings have been well received in some seismic zones worldwide due to advantages such as the ease and the speed of implementation,and the possibility of working in inappropriate atmospheric conditions.In this research,seismic fragility curves were developed for precast concrete frames with a cast-in-situ concrete shear-wall,concerning the important issues of modeling the precast beam-column joints,construction quality,and soil type effects.For this purpose,the incremental dynamic analysis(IDA)was conducted for three-dimensional models of 3-,5-,and 8-story buildings under two record sets corresponding to soil types C and D of the NEHRP code.Beam-column joints were modeled using nonlinear rotational springs with rigid links with respect to the finite size of the joint panel.Results demonstrate that the Weibull distribution can be fitted to the damage state capacities better than the lognormal distribution at the intensities that are more than one standard deviation away from the median damage capacity.The seismic vulnerability of precast structures increases at all damage states as the height of the building increases.It is also observed that soil type has almost no considerable effect on the fragility curve parameters for all damage states considered herein.

Electromagnetohydrodynamic flows and mass transport in curved rectangular microchannels

Curved microchannels are often encountered in lab-on-chip systems because the effective axial channel lengths of such channels are often larger than those of straight microchannels for a given per unit chip length.In this paper,the effective diffusivity of a neutral solute in an oscillating electromagnetohydrodynamic(EMHD)flow through a curved rectangular microchannel is investigated theoretically.The flow is assumed as a creeping flow due to the extremely low Reynolds number in such microflow systems.Through the theoretical analysis,we find that the effective diffusivity primarily depends on five dimensionless parameters,i.e.,the curvature ratio of the curved channel,the Schmidt number,the tidal displacement,the angular Reynolds number,and the dimensionless electric field strength parameter.Based on the obtained results,we can precisely control the mass transfer characteristics of the EMHD flow in a curved rectangular microchannel by appropriately altering the corresponding parameter values.

Bradley Curve视角下矿工违章行为的惩罚机制分析

为有效约束矿工违章行为、促进煤矿安全生产,从惩罚机制有无溢出效应的对比视角出发,构建矿工与煤矿企业的演化博弈模型,分析两种惩罚机制下系统的演化稳定策略,并以平顶山市某煤矿的“安全伙伴”制度为例进行算例分析。研究结果从制度层面验证了Bradley Curve存在的合理性,即针对群体互助管理的溢出性惩罚制度优于针对个体独立管理的非溢出性惩罚制度;实施溢出性惩罚制度可以促使矿工由Bradley Curve中的自主管理阶段转向互助管理阶段,从而降低事故伤害的概率。结合示例,该煤矿的最优安全伙伴成员数量为2人。

延续护理干预在输尿管结石术后带双J管患者中的应用价值

目的 探讨延续护理干预在输尿管结石术后带双J管患者中的护理价值。方法 从我院收治的输尿管结石术带双J管患者中选取78例作为研究对象,以抽签法均分为对照组、观察组。对照组应用常规护理干预,观察组在常规护理干预基础上行延续护理,对比两组患者的管路相关并发症发生率、自我护理能力及生活质量。结果 观察组患者发生管道脱落、血尿、膀胱刺激征等明显低于对照组,有统计学意义(P <0.05)。出院时观察组患者自我护理能力评分均高于对照组与入院时,对比有统计学意义(P <0.05)。观察组患者的生活质量评分在精神健康、生理职能、一般健康状况等方面高于对照组(P <0.05)。结论 延续护理干预有助于输尿管结石术后携带双J管患者降低管道相关并发症的发生,有利于增加患者的自我护理能力,最终实现患者术后生活质量的提升。

Modeling and Analyzing for a Novel Continuum Model Considering Self-Stabilizing Control on Curved Road with Slope

It is essential to fully understand master the traffic characteristics of the self-stabilizing control effect and roadcharacteristics to ensure the regular operation of transportation. Traffic flow on curved roads and slopes is irregularand more complicated than that on the straight road. However, most of the research only considers the effect ofself-stabilizing in the straight road. This study attempts to bridge this deficiency from the following three aspects.First, we review the potential influencing factors of traffic flow stability, which are related to the vehicle’s steadyvelocity, history velocity, and the turn radius of the road and the slope of the road. Based on the above review,an extended continuum model accounting for the self-stabilizing effect on a curved road with slope is proposed.Second, the linear stability criterion of the new model is derived by applying linear stability theory, and the neutralstability curve is obtained in detail. The modified KdV equation describing the evolution characteristics of trafficcongestion is derived by using the nonlinear analysis method. Upon the theoretical analysis, the third aspectfocuses on simulating the self-stabilizing effect under different slopes and radius, which demonstrates that theself-stabilizing effect is conducive to reducing congestion of the curved road with slope.

Covalent bonding and J–J mixing effects on the EPR parameters of Er^(3+) ions in GaN crystal

The EPR parameters of trivalent Er（3＋） ions doped in hexagonal Ga N crystal have been studied by diagonalizing the 364×364 complete energy matrices. The results indicate that the resonance ground states may be derived from the Kramers doublet Γ6. The EPR g-factors may be ascribed to the stronger covalent bonding and nephelauxetic effects compared with other rare-earth doped complexes, as a result of the mismatch of ionic radii of the impurity Er（3＋）ion and the replaced Ga（3＋） ion apart from the intrinsic covalency of host Ga N. Furthermore, the J–J mixing effects on the EPR parameters from the high-lying manifolds have been evaluated. It is found that the dominant J–J mixing contribution is from the manifold 2K（15/2）, which accounts for about 2.5%. The next important J–J contribution arises from the crystal–field mixture between the ground state 4I（15/2） and the first excited state4I（13/2）, and is usually less than 0.2%. The contributions from the rest states may be ignored.