基于RUN-XGBoost算法的土石坝渗流预测模型

针对传统土石坝渗流预测模型存在局部最优、抗干扰性差和预测精度低等问题,通过RUN算法优化XGBoost算法得到RUN-XGBoost算法,构建了RUN-XGBoost模型以获得更优的土石坝渗流预测结果。该模型在种群初始化时采用RUN算法对XGBoost算法的3个主要参数进行改进,使预测结果有较高的有效性;通过自动寻找最优参数增进算法的整体收敛速度和预测精度,同时引入随机解,使算法能够排除局部最小值并继续搜索,从而获得全局最优结果。工程实例验证结果表明,RUN-XGBoost模型具有简洁、高效、预测精度高、鲁棒性强等优点。

RUN和FYVE结构域蛋白1在胰腺癌中的表达特征及功能作用

目的探究RUN和FYVE结构域蛋白1(RUFY1)在胰腺癌中的表达特征及功能作用。方法通过分析癌症基因组图谱、临床蛋白质组肿瘤分析协作组、基因表达综合数据库等,探究RUFY1在胰腺癌中mRNA、蛋白的表达水平以及与胰腺癌患者预后关系。采用免疫组织化学染色比对胰腺癌患者肿瘤组织与正常胰腺组织中RUFY1蛋白表达水平。在胰腺癌细胞系中敲低RUFY1,并通过肿瘤成球、CCK-8、克隆形成实验验证RUFY1在胰腺癌细胞系中发挥的功能与作用。联合CTRP和PRISM等数据库探究RUFY1与部分抗肿瘤药物敏感性的关系。结果通过分析公共数据库发现,与正常胰腺组织相比,胰腺癌肿瘤组织中RUFY1 mRNA和蛋白表达水平显著升高(P<0.05,P<0.01);RUFY1的高表达与胰腺癌患者的预后呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。免疫组织化学染色结果表明,相较于癌旁组织,RUFY1蛋白表达水平在胰腺癌肿瘤组织中升高。肿瘤成球、CCK-8、克隆形成实验结果显示RUFY1敲低会显著抑制胰腺癌细胞系的增殖功能(P<0.01)。由CTRP和PRISM数据库分析得出,低RUFY1表达的患者对PD318088(P<0.01)、RITA(P<0.01)、selumetinib(P<0.05)、AZD8931(P<0.01)等药物更加敏感。结论RUFY1 mRNA及蛋白水平在胰腺癌肿瘤组织中升高,RUFY1的高表达与胰腺癌患者的预后呈负相关,敲低RUFY1可抑制胰腺癌细胞系的增殖能力,RUFY1有望成为用来预测临床用药治疗敏感性的靶点。

Voluntary wheel running ameliorated the deleterious effects of high-fat diet on glucose metabolism,gut microbiota and microbial-associated metabolites

Exercise training is critical for the early prevention and treatment of obesity and diabetes mellitus.However,the mechanism with gut microbiota and fecal metabolites underlying the effects of voluntary wheel running on high-fat diet induced abnormal glucose metabolism has not been fully elaborated.C57BL/6 male mice were randomly assigned to 4 groups according to diets(fed with normal chow diet or high-fat diet)and running paradigm(housed in static cage or with voluntary running wheel).An integrative 16S rDNA sequencing and metabolites profiling was synchronously performed to characterize the effects of voluntary wheel running on gut microbiota and metabolites.It showed that voluntary wheel running prevented the detrimental effects of high-fat feeding on glucose metabolism 16S rDNA sequencing showed remarkable changes in Rikenella and Marvinbryantia genera.Metabolic profiling indicated multiple altered metabolites,which were enriched in secondary bile acid biosynthesis signaling.In conclusion,our study indicated that voluntary wheel running significantly improved glucose metabolism and counteracted the deleterious effects of high-fat feeding on body weight and glucose intolerance.We further found that voluntary wheel running could integratively program gut microbiota composition and fecal metabolites changes,and may regulate muricholic acid metabolism and secondary bile acid biosynthesis in high-fat fed mice.

Influence of pier height on the safety of trains running on high-speed railway bridges during earthquakes

Sudden earthquakes pose a threat to the running safety of trains on high-speed railway bridges,and the stiffness of piers is one of the factors affecting the dynamic response of train-track-bridge system.In this paper,a experiment of a train running on a high-speed railway bridge is performed based on a dynamic experiment system,and the corresponding numerical model is established.The reliability of the numerical model is verified by experiments.Then,the experiment and numerical data are analyzed to reveal the pier height effects on the running safety of trains on bridges.The results show that when the pier height changes,the frequency of the bridge below the 30 m pier height changes greater;the increase of pier height causes the transverse fundamental frequency of the bridge close to that of the train,and the shaking angle and lateral displacement of the train are the largest for bridge with 50 m pier,which increases the risk of derailment;with the pier height increases from 8 m to 50 m,the derailment coefficient obtained by numerical simulations increases by 75% on average,and the spectral intensity obtained by experiments increases by 120% on average,two indicators exhibit logarithmic variation.

Acute effect of foot strike patterns on in vivo tibiotalar and subtalar joint kinematics during barefoot running

Background:Foot kinematics,such as excessive eversion and malalignment of the hindfoot,are believed to be associated with running-related injuries.The maj ority of studies to date show that different foot strike patterns influence these specific foot and ankle kinematics.However,technical deficiencies in traditional motion capture approaches limit knowledge of in vivo joint kinematics with respect to rearfoot and forefoot strike patterns(RFS and FFS,respectively).This study uses a high-speed dual fluoroscopic imaging system(DFIS)to determine the effects of different foot strike patterns on 3D in vivo tibiotalar and subtalar joints kinematics.Methods:Fifteen healthy male recreational runners underwent foot computed tomography scanning for the construction of 3-dimensional models.A high-speed DFIS(100 Hz)was used to collect 6 degrees of freedom kinematics for participants’tibiotalar and subtalar joints when they adopted RFS and FFS in barefoot condition.Results:Compared with RFS,FFS exhibited greater internal rotation at 0%-20%of the stance phase in the tibiotalar joint.The peak internal rotation angle of the tibiotalar joint under FFS was greater than under RFS(p<0.001,Cohen’s d=0.92).RFS showed more dorsiflexion at 0%-20%of the stance phase in the tibiotalar joint than FFS.RFS also presented a larger anterior translation(p<0.001,Cohen’s d=1.28)in the subtalar joint at i nitial contact than FFS.Conclusion:Running with acute barefoot FFS increases the internal rotation of the tibiotalar joint in the early stance.The use of high-speed DFIS to quantify the movement of the tibiotalar and subtalar joint was critical to revealing the effects of RF S and FFS during running.

Enhancement of motor functional recovery in thoracic spinal cord injury: voluntary wheel running versus forced treadmill exercise

Spinal cord injury necessitates effective rehabilitation strategies, with exercise therapies showing promise in promoting recovery. This study investigated the impact of rehabilitation exercise on functional recovery and morphological changes following thoracic contusive spinal cord injury. After a 7-day recovery period after spinal cord injury, mice were assigned to either a trained group(10 weeks of voluntary running wheel or forced treadmill exercise) or an untrained group. Bi-weekly assessments revealed that the exercise-trained group, particularly the voluntary wheel exercise subgroup, displayed significantly improved locomotor recovery, more plasticity of dopaminergic and serotonin modulation compared with the untrained group. Additionally, exercise interventions led to gait pattern restoration and enhanced transcranial magnetic motor-evoked potentials. Despite consistent injury areas across groups, exercise training promoted terminal innervation of descending axons. In summary, voluntary wheel exercise shows promise for enhancing outcomes after thoracic contusive spinal cord injury, emphasizing the role of exercise modality in promoting recovery and morphological changes in spinal cord injuries. Our findings will influence future strategies for rehabilitation exercises, restoring functional movement after spinal cord injury.

SmartMicro Grid Energy System Management Based on Optimum Running Cost for Rural Communities in Rwanda

The governmental electric utility and the private sector are joining hands to meet the target of electrifying all households by 2024.However,the aforementioned goal is challenged by households that are scattered in remote areas.So far,Solar Home Systems(SHS)have mostly been applied to increase electricity access in rural areas.SHSs have continuous constraints to meet electricity demands and cannot run income-generating activities.The current research presents the feasibility study of electrifying Remera village with the smart microgrid as a case study.The renewable energy resources available in Remera are the key sources of electricity in that village.The generation capacity is estimated based on the load profile.The microgrid configurations are simulated with HOMER,and the genetic algorithm is used to analyze the optimum cost.By analyzing the impact of operation and maintenance costs,the results show that the absence of subsidies increases the levelized cost of electricity(COE)five times greater than the electricity price from the public utility.The microgrid made up of PV,diesel generator,and batteries proved to be the most viable solution and ensured continuous power supply to customers.By considering the subsidies,COE reaches 0.186$/kWh,a competitive price with electricity from public utilities in Rwanda.

Modified DS np Chart Using Generalized Multiple Dependent State Sampling under Time Truncated Life Test

This study presents the design of a modified attributed control chart based on a double sampling(DS)np chart applied in combination with generalized multiple dependent state(GMDS)sampling to monitor the mean life of the product based on the time truncated life test employing theWeibull distribution.The control chart developed supports the examination of the mean lifespan variation for a particular product in the process of manufacturing.Three control limit levels are used:the warning control limit,inner control limit,and outer control limit.Together,they enhance the capability for variation detection.A genetic algorithm can be used for optimization during the in-control process,whereby the optimal parameters can be established for the proposed control chart.The control chart performance is assessed using the average run length,while the influence of the model parameters upon the control chart solution is assessed via sensitivity analysis based on an orthogonal experimental design withmultiple linear regression.A comparative study was conducted based on the out-of-control average run length,in which the developed control chart offered greater sensitivity in the detection of process shifts while making use of smaller samples on average than is the case for existing control charts.Finally,to exhibit the utility of the developed control chart,this paper presents its application using simulated data with parameters drawn from the real set of data.

汽车零部件Milk-run业务公铁联运模式下的铁路货运站选址研究

能否精准科学地选择汽车零部件循环取货(Milk-run)业务中公铁联运模式的铁路货运站,将直接影响物流总成本。随着公铁联运模式在节能减排与降本增效中的优势逐渐呈现,汽车生产商也开始在零部件物流领域探索Milk-run业务采用公铁联运方式。基于以往研究基础,对汽车零部件Milk-run业务中采用公铁联运的背景进行分析,以重庆长安福特汽车有限公司华东片区的Milk-run业务为例,构建基于公铁联运的Milk-run物流运作模式,发现在运作过程中需要确定Milk-run业务中的铁路货运站地址。为精确、合理地进行选址,采用定量与定性相结合的方法,运用精确重心法计算出铁路货运站备选地址范围,再利用综合指标评级法在备选地址中确定地址,最终通过优化选址,提高企业Milk-run业务中物流的运作效率。

基于Milk-Run的生鲜农产品取货物流优化方法研究

生鲜农产品不易储存、易腐性要求科学制定物流模式与路径,以最大程度保障产品鲜活度。针对取货车辆到达生鲜农产品供应商的不准时与物流费用高的问题,提出基于Milk-Run的生鲜农产品物流优化方法。依据生鲜农产品物流的构成,引入Milk-Run循环取货模式并给出最优取货期量确定方法。同时,为最大限度对企业成本、驾驶安全、客户需求和产品质量进行平衡与保障,综合考虑装载率、出车数量、疲劳驾驶、客户时间等因素构建多目标VRPTW模型,结合评价函数法与线性加权法对目标进行转换,设计了一种遗传算法求解模型,并引入栅格法测量各节点间实际配送距离。最后,结合实际物流问题,检验Milk-Run循环取货模式的可行性与优越性,通过仿真实验证明了文章提出的方法可以为企业的物流决策提供参考。

Does orthotics use improve comfort,speed,and injury rate during running?A randomised control trial

BACKGROUND Running is a hugely popular sport.Unfortunately,running-related injury(RRI)rates are high,particularly amongst amateur and recreational runners.Finding ways to reduce RRI rates and maximise comfort and performance for runners is important.Evidence regarding whether orthotics can successfully improve these parameters is limited and contradicting.Further research is required to provide runners with clearer guidance on the usefulness of orthotics.AIM To investigate the effect of Aetrex Orthotics on comfort,speed and RRI rates during recreational running.METHODS One hundred and six recreational runners were recruited on a voluntary basis via running clubs and social media pages and randomised into either the intervention or control group.Participants in the intervention group ran with Aetrex L700 Speed Orthotics inserted in their usual running shoes,whilst participants in the control group ran in their usual running shoes with no orthotics.The study ran for an 8-wk period.Participants provided data relating to running comfort,distance,and time during weeks 3-6.Participants provided data relating to any RRIs they sustained during all 8 wks.Running distance and time were used to calculate running speed in miles per hour(mph).For each outcome variable,95%confidence intervals and P values were calculated to assess the statistical significance between the groups.For comfort and speed data,univariate multi-level analysis was performed,and for outcome variables with significant between group differences,multi-level multivariate analysis was performed to evaluate any confounding effects of gender and age.RESULTS Ninety-four participants were included in the final analysis(drop-out rate=11%).Comfort and speed from 940 runs and 978 injury data reports were analysed.Participants who ran with orthotics reported,on average,speeds 0.30 mph faster(P=0.20)and comfort scores 1.27 points higher(P≤0.001)than participants who ran with no orthotics.They were also 2.22 times less likely to sustain an injury(P=0.08)than participants who ran with no orthotics.However,findings were only significant for comfort and not for speed or injury rates.Age and gender were found to be significant predictors of comfort.However,the improvements in comfort reported by participants who ran with orthotics were still significant after adjusting for age and gender.CONCLUSION This study found orthotics to improve comfort and speed and prevent RRIs whilst running.However,these findings were only statistically significant for comfort.

Free running period affected by network structures of suprachiasmatic nucleus neurons exposed to constant light

Exposed to the natural light-dark cycle,24 h rhythms exist in behavioral and physiological processes of living beings.Interestingly,under constant darkness or constant light,living beings can maintain a robust endogenous rhythm with a free running period(FRP)close to 24 h.In mammals,the circadian rhythm is coordinated by a master clock located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus(SCN)of the brain,which is composed of about twenty thousand self-oscillating neurons.These SCN neurons form a heterogenous network to output a robust rhythm.Thus far,the exact network topology of the SCN neurons is unknown.In this article,we examine the effect of the SCN network structure on the FRP when exposed to constant light by a Poincare model.Four typical network structures are considered,including a nearest-neighbor coupled network,a Newman-Watts small world network,an Erd¨os-Renyi random network and a Barabasi-Albert(BA)scale free network.The results show that the FRP is longest in the BA network,because the BA network is characterized by the most heterogeneous structure among these four types of networks.These findings are not affected by the average node degree of the SCN network or the value of relaxation rate of the SCN neuronal oscillators.Our findings contribute to the understanding of how the network structure of the SCN neurons influences the FRP.

A Relationship between the Partial Bell Polynomials and Alternating Run Polynomials

In this note, we first derive an exponential generating function of the alternating run polynomials. We then deduce an explicit formula of the alternating run polynomials in terms of the partial Bell polynomials.

Development and Performance Evaluation of Catalyst for Productive Ethylene Cracking Feedstock in Selective Hydrocracking of Straight Run Diesel Oil

The upgrading of diesel oil to produce ethylene rich cracking feedstock is an important and promising technical route to reduce the ratio of diesel to gasoline. In the present work, a hydrocracking catalyst suitable for selective hydrocracking of straight run diesel oil to produce high-quality ethylene cracking feedstock at low cost was developed, by optimizing the composition of catalyst support materials, using amorphous silicon aluminum and aluminum oxide with high mesopore content as the main support, and modified Y zeolite with excellent aromatic ring opening selectivity as the acidic component. The catalyst has in-depth characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, N2-low temperature adsorption-desorption, NH3-temperature-programmed desorption, and IR techniques. And its catalytic cracking straight run diesel oil performance was evaluated. The results show that the prepared catalyst has high polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring opening cracking selectivity. However, alkanes retained in diesel distillates can achieve the goal of producing more ethylene cracking feedstocks with low BMCI value under low and moderate pressure conditions. This work may shed significant technical insight for oil refining transformation.

Trend Autoregressive Model Exact Run Length Evaluation on a Two-Sided Extended EWMA Chart

The Extended Exponentially Weighted Moving Average(extended EWMA)control chart is one of the control charts and can be used to quickly detect a small shift.The performance of control charts can be evaluated with the average run length(ARL).Due to the deriving explicit formulas for the ARL on a two-sided extended EWMA control chart for trend autoregressive or trend AR(p)model has not been reported previously.The aim of this study is to derive the explicit formulas for the ARL on a two-sided extended EWMA con-trol chart for the trend AR(p)model as well as the trend AR(1)and trend AR(2)models with exponential white noise.The analytical solution accuracy was obtained with the extended EWMA control chart and was compared to the numer-ical integral equation(NIE)method.The results show that the ARL obtained by the explicit formula and the NIE method is hardly different,but the explicit for-mula can help decrease the computational(CPU)time.Furthermore,this is also expanded to comparative performance with the Exponentially Weighted Moving Average(EWMA)control chart.The performance of the extended EWMA control chart is better than the EWMA control chart for all situations,both the trend AR(1)and trend AR(2)models.Finally,the analytical solution of ARL is applied to real-world data in the healthfield,such as COVID-19 data in the United Kingdom and Sweden,to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method.

Pile Running in Layered Soils

This paper presents a case study on incidents of offshore pile running in layered soils.The study provides a detailed description of the seabed soil data,pile driving records,and field surveillance video observations.Three-dimensional large deformation finite element(LDFE)analyses were conducted to retrospectively analyze the incidents,considering the remoulding of seabed soil and degradation of the pile-soil interface in the LDFE modeling.By comparing the field observations with the LDFE analysis,the mechanism of pile running was discussed,with a focus on investigating the pile penetration resistance in each layer.The study revealed that pile running in layered soils primarily resulted from a significant reduction in pile base resistance when transitioning from a strong layer to an adjacent weak layer.To further investigate the pile running mechanism in layered soils,a parametric study on the strength variation of adjacent soil layers and its influence on pile base resistance was conducted.Lastly,a simplified prediction model of pile base resistance,suitable for assessing the risk of pile running in layered soils,was proposed.

An Effective Runge-Kutta Optimizer Based on Adaptive Population Size and Search Step Size

A newly proposed competent population-based optimization algorithm called RUN,which uses the principle of slope variations calculated by applying the Runge Kutta method as the key search mechanism,has gained wider interest in solving optimization problems.However,in high-dimensional problems,the search capabilities,convergence speed,and runtime of RUN deteriorate.This work aims at filling this gap by proposing an improved variant of the RUN algorithm called the Adaptive-RUN.Population size plays a vital role in both runtime efficiency and optimization effectiveness of metaheuristic algorithms.Unlike the original RUN where population size is fixed throughout the search process,Adaptive-RUN automatically adjusts population size according to two population size adaptation techniques,which are linear staircase reduction and iterative halving,during the search process to achieve a good balance between exploration and exploitation characteristics.In addition,the proposed methodology employs an adaptive search step size technique to determine a better solution in the early stages of evolution to improve the solution quality,fitness,and convergence speed of the original RUN.Adaptive-RUN performance is analyzed over 23 IEEE CEC-2017 benchmark functions for two cases,where the first one applies linear staircase reduction with adaptive search step size(LSRUN),and the second one applies iterative halving with adaptive search step size(HRUN),with the original RUN.To promote green computing,the carbon footprint metric is included in the performance evaluation in addition to runtime and fitness.Simulation results based on the Friedman andWilcoxon tests revealed that Adaptive-RUN can produce high-quality solutions with lower runtime and carbon footprint values as compared to the original RUN and three recent metaheuristics.Therefore,with its higher computation efficiency,Adaptive-RUN is a much more favorable choice as compared to RUN in time stringent applications.

基于管柱动力学的特深井通井组合刚度评价方法与应用

我国特深井钻井正处于快速发展阶段,受井眼尺寸大和深度深的影响,钻井过程中极易出现微井斜、扩径缩径和井壁台阶等,导致套管下入困难,因此通井钻具组合评价尤为重要。目前,现场使用的评价方法常忽略了管柱下入过程中与井壁的碰撞和变形,导致通井效果时好时坏。为了辅助现场施工,文章基于全井管柱动力学模型和HHT-α数值计算方法提出了一种能够模拟管柱下入的动态过程的通井钻具组合的评价方法,该方法考虑了实测井眼轨迹、井眼扩大率和下入阻力等要素。通过某特深井三开下套管前的钻具组合进行实例计算分析,表明井眼扩大率和套管串下入阻力对通井能力和套管下入影响较大,当井眼扩大率较小且套管串下入阻力较大时,需要使用刚度较大的多扶正器通井钻具组合。本方法可以实现实测井况条件下比较精准的刚度对比模拟,也成功指导了案例井?486 mm套管的安全下入。

基于空间自相关的常规城市公交车辆危险驾驶热点路段识别

为了获得公交危险驾驶状态的空间分布特征,采用空间自相关性分析方法,识别危险驾驶状态的空间集聚性,确定危险驾驶状态热点路段,并对显著性影响因素进行分析。首先,采集4个季度各1周公交车辆卫星定位数据样本,修复重复数据、异常数据和缺失数据,并以公交站点为节点划分空间区段,对每个区段进行编号;接着,将速度过快、急加速、急减速和急转弯确定为危险驾驶状态,参照车辆运动学特性获得4种危险驾驶状态阈值,并计算4种危险驾驶状态的统计学指标和全局莫兰指数,结果表明,公交车辆危险驾驶状态具有空间集聚性(空间随机分布概率p<0.01,标准差得分值Z>2.58),速度过快状态(全局莫兰指数为0.731)的空间集聚性最为显著;然后,分别对4种危险驾驶状态进行局部空间自相关性分析,绘制了90%、95%和99%置信度下的莫兰散点图和Lisa集聚图,结合城市地图,获得危险驾驶状态的热点路段;最后,选取路段长度、车道数、平直度等9个指标,对比分析了OLS模型、SLE模型、SEM模型和SDM模型的拟合优度,采用SDM模型获得4种危险驾驶状态的显著性影响因素。文中研究结果可为公交车辆危险驾驶状态空间识别、精细化安全运行管理提供理论依据。

复杂结构井旋转下套管数学模型建立与分析

随着复杂结构井钻井技术发展,井斜角和方位角随着井深复杂变化引起常规套管下入方式难度大,旋转下套管技术可有效解决套管下入的难题,但该方面的理论模拟分析报道较少,增加了旋转下套管技术应用的盲目性和低效性。综合运用软杆和刚杆模型的优点并考虑井眼轨迹对模型计算条件影响,建立了旋转下套管数学模型;结合实例井对比了大钩载荷和模拟的轴向应力,验证了模型的正确性;在此基础上,探讨了常规和不同旋转速度下套管的摩阻,并分析了不同摩阻系数条件下的摩阻分布特征。实例分析表明:相同井深下,旋转下套管摩阻小于常规下套管摩阻,并且旋转速度越快,下套管摩阻越小;当旋转速度分别为15 r/min和20 r/min时,井底处摩阻降低幅度分别为12.13%和19.17%;造斜率越大,摩阻越高,导致套管下入到指定深度难度加大;钻井液摩阻系数越大,套管下入难度越高;在井深1 401.5 m,裸眼段摩阻系数分别为0.21和0.29,常规下套管摩阻分别为46.51 kN和57.49 kN。该模型能准确预测下套管摩阻,对复杂结构井的套管下入具有指导意义。