Brecht once concentrated on the theories of Lao Tse and Chuang Tzu,which can be discovered in some works of him.Living in the turbulent times,Lao Tse and Chuang Tzu had dialectical observation of the troubled society,...Brecht once concentrated on the theories of Lao Tse and Chuang Tzu,which can be discovered in some works of him.Living in the turbulent times,Lao Tse and Chuang Tzu had dialectical observation of the troubled society,which evoked the critical thinking of Brecht,and he began to re-interpret the Chinese philosophy in his own way.Through the verfremdung,in which Brecht was expert,Brecht creatively combined the theories of Lao Tse and Chuang Tzu with the seemingly irrelative western thoughts to help him to further develop his theory system.Such philosophically rich stories helped him to achieve the verfremdungseffekt between the audience and the plot of the play.展开更多
In the paper I will research Lao tzu and Chuang tzu＇s cognitive aesthetics based on the generalized cognizance. Lao tzu and Chuang tzu are the representative figures of Taoism in pre-Qin period, they fully affirm the...In the paper I will research Lao tzu and Chuang tzu＇s cognitive aesthetics based on the generalized cognizance. Lao tzu and Chuang tzu are the representative figures of Taoism in pre-Qin period, they fully affirm the natural and human nature, naysay affirm human social, cultural and moral, cancel the traditional music, naysay affirm material, they pursue art which is eligibility natural and completely abandon the man-made things, esthetical state according with Tao. They think the great voice is no sound, the great semblance is invisible, the no sound voice and invisible semblance are insight native beauty which are associated with a specific aesthetic feeling but surpass the limited aesthetic feeling, all is the highest state of art and beauty, reach this level, in fact, has entered the Tao. In order to reach this state, they asked people to cleanse away inner desire and external disturbance, keep simplicity, abandon knowledge and wisdom, keep heart bright and clean, forget everything in order to contact the natural law with the nature, the nature＇s mystery runs automatically, the sounds of nature sound itself. About the invisible semblance aesthetic, they put forward the concepts such as gain its meaning but forget the word, illocutionary force展开更多
The Dongsithouane National Production Forest (DNPF) is one of the largest natural forest areas in Savannakhet, Lao PDR, which has been a vital support for the local community’s livelihood, Recently, significant chang...The Dongsithouane National Production Forest (DNPF) is one of the largest natural forest areas in Savannakhet, Lao PDR, which has been a vital support for the local community’s livelihood, Recently, significant changes in land use and land cover (LULC) have been observed in this area, leading to a reduction of natural forests. There were two separate methods of this study: firstly, to identify LULC changes across three different periods, spectral imagery from the Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) for the years 2001 and 2011, and the Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) for 2021 were used as the primary data sources. The satellite images were preprocessed for various forest classes, including pretreatment of the top of atmosphere reflectance by using QGIS software’s semi-automatic classification plug-in (SCP), and ArcGIS was used for post-classification. A supervised classification approach was applied to the satellite images from 2001, 2011, and 2021 to generate diverse maps of LULC. Secondly, a household survey dataset was used to investigate influential factors. Approximately 220 households were interviewed in order to collect socio-economic information (including data on population growth, increased business activities, location of the area, agriculture land expansion, and need for settlement land). Household survey data was analyzed by using SPSS. Descriptive statistics, including frequency distributions and percentages, were applied to observe characteristics. Additionally, a binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the socioeconomic factors related to LULC change in DNPF. Key findings indicated a decline in natural forest areas within the study site. Specifically, both dry dipterocarp forest (−11.35%) and mixed deciduous forest (−0.18%) decreased from 2001 to 2021. The overall accuracy of the LULC maps was 94%, 86%, and 89% for the years 2001, 2011, and 2021 respectively. In contrast, agricultural land increased significantly by 155.70%, while built-up land, and water bodies increased by 65.54% and 35.33%, respectively. The results also highlighted a significant increase in construction land, up to 65.54%. Furthermore, the study found a correlation between agricultural expansion and a reduction of forest areas, along with an increase in built-up land along the forest areas’ boundaries. Timber exploitation and charcoal production also contributed to the decline in forest cover. The logistic regression model identified significant determinants of LULC change, including the area’s location, agricultural land expansion, increased business activity, and the need for settlement land. These factors have influenced the management of DNPF. Urgent sustainable management practices and actions, including forest ecosystem protection, village agricultural zoning, water source and watershed protection and public awareness, are required to preserve the forest areas of DNPF.展开更多
A new species, Bactrocera （Zeugodacus） gansuica Chen, Han et Zhou sp. nov., is discovered from China, and B （Z.） vultus （Hardy, 1973） is recorded for the first time in Laos. These two species are here described ...A new species, Bactrocera （Zeugodacus） gansuica Chen, Han et Zhou sp. nov., is discovered from China, and B （Z.） vultus （Hardy, 1973） is recorded for the first time in Laos. These two species are here described and illustrated.展开更多
Based on the brief introduction of western contemporary eco-philosophies and Lao Zi’s eco-philosophy,there will be an analysis of the differences according to historical context and critical target and their converge...Based on the brief introduction of western contemporary eco-philosophies and Lao Zi’s eco-philosophy,there will be an analysis of the differences according to historical context and critical target and their convergence.The analysis leads to the conclusion that eco-philosophies,whether contemporary or ancient,are against any form of domination and centrism.展开更多
Assessment of the forest land use change and proposed land suitability for tea for the area along Laos – China Border were the main purpose of this research paper. An integrated GIS-based analysis system （IGAS）, su...Assessment of the forest land use change and proposed land suitability for tea for the area along Laos – China Border were the main purpose of this research paper. An integrated GIS-based analysis system （IGAS）, supporting assessment of forest land-use and land suitability for the study area where along Laos-China border was developed. Multi criteria analysis and system dynamics techniques were used to assess forest land use and land suitability and to forecast potential land-use for tea. The total study area is estimated at 10 325.07 km2 according to the field data collection and data analysis. The area of current forest cover decreased rapidly from 6337.33 km2 （61.38%） in 1992 to 5106.28 km2 （49.46%） in 2002 in the study area. The current forest was mainly trans-ferred to potential forest and permanent agriculture especially to rubber plantation areas even in the National Conservation Biodiversity Conser-vation Areas. The main causes of forest land use change are poverty. In order to address the problems, land suitability classification for tea was developed based on the multi-criteria. And finally two options of land suitability classification for tea for the study areas were developed.展开更多
BaTi O3(BTO)与LaAlO3(LAO)组成的BTO/LAO超晶格的介电性能呈现新的变化特点.作者模拟计算了不同弛豫时间对不同层状周期结构的BTO/LAO超晶格介电性能的变化规律;模拟计算表明,BTO/LAO超晶格在厚度为0.8nm/0.8nm～1.6nm/1.6nm时介电常...BaTi O3(BTO)与LaAlO3(LAO)组成的BTO/LAO超晶格的介电性能呈现新的变化特点.作者模拟计算了不同弛豫时间对不同层状周期结构的BTO/LAO超晶格介电性能的变化规律;模拟计算表明,BTO/LAO超晶格在厚度为0.8nm/0.8nm～1.6nm/1.6nm时介电常数出现极大值.认为超晶格的界面电荷的累积对于弛豫时间的作用直接影响了BTO/LAO超晶格的介电性能;BTO/LAO超晶格的介电损耗主要来源于BTO/LAO超晶格的电导率.展开更多
The Government of the Lao PDR’s policy is to eliminate the cultivation of upland rice by means of ‘slash-and-burn’ cultivation and to replace it with more ecologically stable systems based on sustainable land use a...The Government of the Lao PDR’s policy is to eliminate the cultivation of upland rice by means of ‘slash-and-burn’ cultivation and to replace it with more ecologically stable systems based on sustainable land use at the village and household level. The objectives of this policy are to alleviate poverty and to introduce more sustainable management of agricultural resources. In order to achieve these objectives, the government has initiated a program of relocation to upland ‘focal areas’ from which marketing, distribution and other services can be supplied, these being essential preconditions for effective agricultural development in these regions. This diagnostic study has examined communal and household strategies for addressing food security issues, and has highlighted the main problems encountered in the pursuit of food security on the local level. The specific objective was to conduct a broadly focused participatory problem diagnosis of the study areas in two districts Phonsay and Namo, in order to understand farmers’ problems, livelihood goals and how their perspectives on food security have changed, and to investigate food security in shifting cultivation systems in Luang Prabang andOudomxay provinces. Within these two provinces Phonsay and Namo districts were selected as the research areas. The two districts are the poorest districts in the Luang Prabang and Oudomxay provinces and two of ten priority poorest districts in the whole country. Semi-structured interviews were conducted for the study. The results of this study were reviewed against the sustainable land use systems strategy formulated from the Lao PDR policy. The study highlights both the benefits and stresses on household welfare, food insecurity conditions in the study areas, and interrelated problems of insufficient rice for household consumption. Finally based on these results the authors propose recommendations and future research indications.展开更多
Dr. Lixing Lao, an internationally known scholar of Chinese medicine renowned for his clinical and mechanisms research, is the Director of the Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM） Program at the Center for Integrative...Dr. Lixing Lao, an internationally known scholar of Chinese medicine renowned for his clinical and mechanisms research, is the Director of the Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM） Program at the Center for Integrative Medicine, University of Maryland （UM） School of Medicine; the Co-Chair of the Acupuncture Research Society; and the former Editor-in-Chief of the American Acupuncturist, the official journal of the American Association of Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine. The Baltimore Magazine has listed Dr. Lao as one of the nation＇s top acupuncture practitioners （Figure 1 ）.展开更多
基金This paper is a specific funding program of the national basic scientific research ＂Brecht and the Chinese Culture＂ ( No. CDJSK100114).
文摘Brecht once concentrated on the theories of Lao Tse and Chuang Tzu,which can be discovered in some works of him.Living in the turbulent times,Lao Tse and Chuang Tzu had dialectical observation of the troubled society,which evoked the critical thinking of Brecht,and he began to re-interpret the Chinese philosophy in his own way.Through the verfremdung,in which Brecht was expert,Brecht creatively combined the theories of Lao Tse and Chuang Tzu with the seemingly irrelative western thoughts to help him to further develop his theory system.Such philosophically rich stories helped him to achieve the verfremdungseffekt between the audience and the plot of the play.
文摘In the paper I will research Lao tzu and Chuang tzu＇s cognitive aesthetics based on the generalized cognizance. Lao tzu and Chuang tzu are the representative figures of Taoism in pre-Qin period, they fully affirm the natural and human nature, naysay affirm human social, cultural and moral, cancel the traditional music, naysay affirm material, they pursue art which is eligibility natural and completely abandon the man-made things, esthetical state according with Tao. They think the great voice is no sound, the great semblance is invisible, the no sound voice and invisible semblance are insight native beauty which are associated with a specific aesthetic feeling but surpass the limited aesthetic feeling, all is the highest state of art and beauty, reach this level, in fact, has entered the Tao. In order to reach this state, they asked people to cleanse away inner desire and external disturbance, keep simplicity, abandon knowledge and wisdom, keep heart bright and clean, forget everything in order to contact the natural law with the nature, the nature＇s mystery runs automatically, the sounds of nature sound itself. About the invisible semblance aesthetic, they put forward the concepts such as gain its meaning but forget the word, illocutionary force
文摘The Dongsithouane National Production Forest (DNPF) is one of the largest natural forest areas in Savannakhet, Lao PDR, which has been a vital support for the local community’s livelihood, Recently, significant changes in land use and land cover (LULC) have been observed in this area, leading to a reduction of natural forests. There were two separate methods of this study: firstly, to identify LULC changes across three different periods, spectral imagery from the Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) for the years 2001 and 2011, and the Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) for 2021 were used as the primary data sources. The satellite images were preprocessed for various forest classes, including pretreatment of the top of atmosphere reflectance by using QGIS software’s semi-automatic classification plug-in (SCP), and ArcGIS was used for post-classification. A supervised classification approach was applied to the satellite images from 2001, 2011, and 2021 to generate diverse maps of LULC. Secondly, a household survey dataset was used to investigate influential factors. Approximately 220 households were interviewed in order to collect socio-economic information (including data on population growth, increased business activities, location of the area, agriculture land expansion, and need for settlement land). Household survey data was analyzed by using SPSS. Descriptive statistics, including frequency distributions and percentages, were applied to observe characteristics. Additionally, a binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the socioeconomic factors related to LULC change in DNPF. Key findings indicated a decline in natural forest areas within the study site. Specifically, both dry dipterocarp forest (−11.35%) and mixed deciduous forest (−0.18%) decreased from 2001 to 2021. The overall accuracy of the LULC maps was 94%, 86%, and 89% for the years 2001, 2011, and 2021 respectively. In contrast, agricultural land increased significantly by 155.70%, while built-up land, and water bodies increased by 65.54% and 35.33%, respectively. The results also highlighted a significant increase in construction land, up to 65.54%. Furthermore, the study found a correlation between agricultural expansion and a reduction of forest areas, along with an increase in built-up land along the forest areas’ boundaries. Timber exploitation and charcoal production also contributed to the decline in forest cover. The logistic regression model identified significant determinants of LULC change, including the area’s location, agricultural land expansion, increased business activity, and the need for settlement land. These factors have influenced the management of DNPF. Urgent sustainable management practices and actions, including forest ecosystem protection, village agricultural zoning, water source and watershed protection and public awareness, are required to preserve the forest areas of DNPF.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30770267)Special Fund for Entry-Exit Inspections and Quarantine Scientific Research in the Public Interest (201210079)
文摘A new species, Bactrocera （Zeugodacus） gansuica Chen, Han et Zhou sp. nov., is discovered from China, and B （Z.） vultus （Hardy, 1973） is recorded for the first time in Laos. These two species are here described and illustrated.
文摘Based on the brief introduction of western contemporary eco-philosophies and Lao Zi’s eco-philosophy,there will be an analysis of the differences according to historical context and critical target and their convergence.The analysis leads to the conclusion that eco-philosophies,whether contemporary or ancient,are against any form of domination and centrism.
文摘Assessment of the forest land use change and proposed land suitability for tea for the area along Laos – China Border were the main purpose of this research paper. An integrated GIS-based analysis system （IGAS）, supporting assessment of forest land-use and land suitability for the study area where along Laos-China border was developed. Multi criteria analysis and system dynamics techniques were used to assess forest land use and land suitability and to forecast potential land-use for tea. The total study area is estimated at 10 325.07 km2 according to the field data collection and data analysis. The area of current forest cover decreased rapidly from 6337.33 km2 （61.38%） in 1992 to 5106.28 km2 （49.46%） in 2002 in the study area. The current forest was mainly trans-ferred to potential forest and permanent agriculture especially to rubber plantation areas even in the National Conservation Biodiversity Conser-vation Areas. The main causes of forest land use change are poverty. In order to address the problems, land suitability classification for tea was developed based on the multi-criteria. And finally two options of land suitability classification for tea for the study areas were developed.
文摘The Government of the Lao PDR’s policy is to eliminate the cultivation of upland rice by means of ‘slash-and-burn’ cultivation and to replace it with more ecologically stable systems based on sustainable land use at the village and household level. The objectives of this policy are to alleviate poverty and to introduce more sustainable management of agricultural resources. In order to achieve these objectives, the government has initiated a program of relocation to upland ‘focal areas’ from which marketing, distribution and other services can be supplied, these being essential preconditions for effective agricultural development in these regions. This diagnostic study has examined communal and household strategies for addressing food security issues, and has highlighted the main problems encountered in the pursuit of food security on the local level. The specific objective was to conduct a broadly focused participatory problem diagnosis of the study areas in two districts Phonsay and Namo, in order to understand farmers’ problems, livelihood goals and how their perspectives on food security have changed, and to investigate food security in shifting cultivation systems in Luang Prabang andOudomxay provinces. Within these two provinces Phonsay and Namo districts were selected as the research areas. The two districts are the poorest districts in the Luang Prabang and Oudomxay provinces and two of ten priority poorest districts in the whole country. Semi-structured interviews were conducted for the study. The results of this study were reviewed against the sustainable land use systems strategy formulated from the Lao PDR policy. The study highlights both the benefits and stresses on household welfare, food insecurity conditions in the study areas, and interrelated problems of insufficient rice for household consumption. Finally based on these results the authors propose recommendations and future research indications.
文摘Dr. Lixing Lao, an internationally known scholar of Chinese medicine renowned for his clinical and mechanisms research, is the Director of the Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM） Program at the Center for Integrative Medicine, University of Maryland （UM） School of Medicine; the Co-Chair of the Acupuncture Research Society; and the former Editor-in-Chief of the American Acupuncturist, the official journal of the American Association of Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine. The Baltimore Magazine has listed Dr. Lao as one of the nation＇s top acupuncture practitioners （Figure 1 ）.
