Development and Application of a Power Law Constitutive Model for Eddy Current Dampers

Eddy current dampers (ECDs) have emerged as highly desirable solutions for vibration control due to theirexceptional damping performance and durability. However, the existing constitutive models present challenges tothe widespread implementation of ECD technology, and there is limited availability of finite element analysis (FEA)software capable of accurately modeling the behavior of ECDs. This study addresses these issues by developing anewconstitutivemodel that is both easily understandable and user-friendly for FEAsoftware. By utilizing numericalresults obtained from electromagnetic FEA, a novel power law constitutive model is proposed to capture thenonlinear behavior of ECDs. The effectiveness of the power law constitutive model is validated throughmechanicalproperty tests and numerical seismic analysis. Furthermore, a detailed description of the application process ofthe power law constitutive model in ANSYS FEA software is provided. To facilitate the preliminary design ofECDs, an analytical derivation of energy dissipation and parameter optimization for ECDs under harmonicmotionis performed. The results demonstrate that the power law constitutive model serves as a viable alternative forconducting dynamic analysis using FEA and optimizing parameters for ECDs.

Analysis of the Characterization of the Old Man in“The Law of Life”from the Narrative Perspective

“The Law of Life”is one of Jack London’s representative works,depicting the story of an elderly Native American abandoned by his family,alone and waiting for life to fade away.This paper,based on narrative theory,aims to explore how the author employs narrative techniques to present the image of the old man in the short story.The narrative techniques of dual focalization and dual narrative timelines in the text demonstrate the abandonment of the old man’s homeland and his inescapable death under a naturalistic view of life and reflect a desolate life picture of resignation towards death under naturalistic determinism,depicting a grim elderly world under the naturalistic concept of“survival of the fittest.”Studying this short story helps us reflect on the living conditions of the elderly and provides insights into how to better care for the elderly population amid the global trend of aging.

电流密度、温度、阴极孔隙率和N_(2)溶解度因子对Li-N_(2)电池放电性能的影响

Li-N_(2)电池是一种具有电化学固氮功能的新型储能系统,文章利用有限元软件COMSOL耦合多物理场建立的电化学模型能揭示各因素对其放电性能的影响。模拟结果表明:放电电流密度、温度、阴极孔隙率和电解液中的N_(2)溶解度因子对Li-N_(2)电池的放电性能均有影响;较大的放电电流密度会降低该电池的电压和容量;阴极孔隙率和电解液中的N_(2)溶解度因子是影响该电池电压和容量的关键性因素,提高阴极孔隙率和电解液中的N_(2)溶解度因子均能增加该电池的电压和容量;电池放电的平台电压随温度升高而升高,但放电容量几乎不受温度影响。

猪胞内劳森菌抗体间接ELISA检测方法的建立及应用

猪增生性肠病(PPE),通常被称为猪回肠炎(PI),由胞内劳森氏菌(LI)感染引起。为建立检测LI抗体的间接ELISA方法,本研究构建LI外膜蛋白基因(LI0841)的重组表达质粒p ET28a-LI0841,经测序无误后转化BL21(DE3)宿主菌,经IPTG诱导表达,采用SDS-PAGE检测重组蛋白LI0841蛋白(rLI0841)的表达形式,经Ni柱纯化后采用western blot鉴定其反应原性。SDS-PAGE结果显示,在32 ku处出现目的条带,且其主要以可溶性形式表达;western blot结果显示,r LI0841能够与兔LI多克隆抗体特异性反应,表明纯化的r LI0841具有较强的反应原性,可作为包被抗原用于建立间接ELISA检测方法,经各反应条件优化初步建立LI抗体的间接ELISA检测方法。各反应条件的优化结果显示,4.38 ng/孔的r LI0841以4℃过夜包被最佳;血清最佳稀释度为1∶100,37℃反应0.5 h;羊抗猪Ig G-HRP最佳稀释度为1∶10000,37℃作用0.5 h;TMB底物37℃显色15 min。利用建立的间接ELISA方法检测猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征病毒、猪伪狂犬病病毒、副猪嗜血杆菌、猪链球菌、传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌及经美国Biostone PPE抗体检测试剂盒检测为阳性的猪血清,评估该方法的特异性;将LI阳性血清2倍倍比稀释(1∶100~1∶51200)后,采用本研究建立的间接ELISA方法检测,评估该方法的敏感性;以同一批次和不同批次包被的酶标板分别检测5份不同LI抗体水平的猪血清,评估该方法的重复性。结果显示,该方法除能检测到LI阳性血清外,其余相关病原的阳性血清均为阴性,特异性较强;LI阳性血清1∶800稀释时检测结果仍为阳性,敏感性较高;对5份不同抗体水平的LI阳性血清的批内、批间重复性试验的变异系数均小于10%,重复性较好。利用该ELISA方法与美国Biostone公司PPE抗体检测试剂盒同时检测104份临床猪血清样品,比较二者的检测结果,并计算二者的符合率;采用建立的间接ELISA方法检测黑龙江、吉林等地区413份临床猪血清样品,分析LI在上述地区的流行状况。结果显示,两种方法的阳性符合率为90.91%,阴性符合率为91.84%,总符合率为91.35%;413份临床猪血清样品中LI的阳性检出率为59.81%(247/413),表明LI在黑龙江、吉林等地区的猪群中普遍存在。本研究建立了检测LI抗体的间接ELISA方法,该方法特异性强、敏感性高、重复性与准确性均较好,为临床PI血清流行病学调查提供技术支持。

Shale oil enrichment evaluation and production law in Gulong Sag,Songliao Basin,NE China

Based on the results of drilling,tests and simulation experiments,the shales of the Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation in the Gulong Sag of the Songliao Basin are discussed with respect to hydrocarbon generation evolution,shale oil occurrence,and pore/fracture evolution mechanism.In conjunction with a substantial amount of oil testing and production data,the Gulong shale oil enrichment layers are evaluated and the production behaviors and decline law are analyzed.The results are drawn in four aspects.First,the Gulong shales are in the stage of extensive hydrocarbon expulsion when R_(0) is 1.0%-1.2%,with the peak hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency of 49.5%approximately.In the low-medium maturity stage,shale oil migrates from kerogen to rocks and organic pores/fractures.In the medium-high maturity stage,shale oil transforms from adsorbed state to free state.Second,the clay mineral intergranular pores/fractures,dissolution pores,and organic pores make up the majority of the pore structure.During the transformation,clay minerals undergo significant intergranular pore/fracture development between the minerals such as illite and illite/smectite mixed layer.A network of pores/fractures is formed by organic matter cracking.Third,free hydrocarbon content,effective porosity,total porosity,and brittle mineral content are the core indicators for the evaluation of shale oil enrichment layers.Class-I layers are defined as free hydrocarbon content equal or greater than 6.0 mg/g,effective porosity equal or greater than 3.5%,total porosity equal or greater than 8.0%,and brittle mineral content equal or greater than 50%.It is believed that the favourable oil layers are Q2-Q3 and Q8-Q9.Fourth,the horizontal wells in the core area of the light oil zone exhibit a high cumulative production in the first year,and present a hyperbolic production decline pattern,with the decline index of 0.85-0.95,the first-year decline rate of 14.5%-26.5%,and the single-well estimated ultimate recovery(EUR)greater than 2.0×10^(4)t.In practical exploration and production,more efforts will be devoted to the clarification of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion mechanisms,accurate testing of porosity and hydrocarbon content/phase of shale under formation conditions,precise delineation of the boundary of enrichment area,relationship between mechanical properties and stimulated reservoir volume,and enhanced oil recovery,in order to improve the EUR and achieve a large-scale,efficient development of shale oil.

Regularity of Fluxes in Nonlinear Hyperbolic Balance Laws

This paper addresses the issue of the formulation of weak solutions to systems of nonlinear hyperbolic conservation laws as integral balance laws.The basic idea is that the“meaningful objects”are the fluxes,evaluated across domain boundaries over time intervals.The fundamental result in this treatment is the regularity of the flux trace in the multi-dimensional setting.It implies that a weak solution indeed satisfies the balance law.In fact,it is shown that the flux is Lipschitz continuous with respect to suitable perturbations of the boundary.It should be emphasized that the weak solutions considered here need not be entropy solutions.Furthermore,the assumption imposed on the flux f(u)is quite minimal-just that it is locally bounded.

通过Mo掺杂诱导低Li/Ni混排程度增强Li_(1.2)Ni_(0.13)Fe_(0.13)Mn_(0.54)O_(2)可逆容量与循环稳定性

富锂层状氧化物因能量密度高和成本低,有望成为下一代锂离子电池正极的重要候选材料.然而,富锂正极材料中阴离子氧化还原反应使晶格氧不稳定,导致电压衰减和不可逆容量损失.尽管铁代无钴富锂材料可以实现较少的电压衰减,但存在严重的阳离子混排和较差的动力学.采用一种简单易行的高价离子掺杂策略,在Li_(1.2)Ni_(0.13)Fe_(0.13)Mn_(0.54)O_(2)(LNFMO)中掺入Mo元素,拓宽了锂层间距,为Li^(+)的传输提供了更宽的通道,改善了Li^(+)的扩散动力学,有效抑制了阳离子混排,进一步稳定了层状结构.得益于此,Mo掺杂后的富锂材料表现出显著增强的电化学性能,在0.2 C电流密度下表现出209.48 mAh/g的初始放电比容量.1C下的初始放电比容量从137.02 mAh/g提高到165.15 mAh/g;循环300次后,仍有117.49 mAh/g的放电比容量,电压衰减由2.09 mV/cycle降低为1.66 mV/cycle.本文对Mo掺杂后的正极材料进行了系统表征并揭示了循环稳定的机理,为高性能富锂正极材料的设计提供了重要参考.

Aerodynamic shape and drag scaling law of a flexible fibre in a flowing medium

The study of a flexible body immersed in a flowing medium is one of the best way to find its aerodynamic shape.This Letter revisited the problem that was first studied by Alben et al.(Nature 420,479–481,2002).To determine the aerodynamic shape of the fibre,a simpler approach is proposed.A universal drag scaling law is obtained and the universality of the Alben-Shelley-Zhang scaling law is confirmed by using dimensional analysis.A complete Maple code is provided for finding aerodynamic shape of the fibre in the flowing medium.

Research on the Application of Juvenile Psychological Development and Sports Acquisition Law System in Physical Education Teaching

Adolescents’physical and mental development has obvious age-stage characteristics.Therefore,before the implementation of physical education teaching,it is necessary to fully analyze the laws of adolescents’psychological development and fully understand the laws of adolescents’physical development and exercise acquisition.The purpose of this study is to start from the actual needs of physical education teaching and to fully understand the laws of psychological development of adolescent groups.After the review and analysis,the law of adolescents’sports acquisition is summarized and summarized,so as to form the system of adolescents’psychological development and sports acquisition law in physical education teaching,lay a good foundation for physical education teachers to implement teaching on the teaching objects of adolescent students in a targeted and efficient manner,and ultimately promote the benign development of school sports.

A modified generalized scaling law for the similitude of dynamic strain in centrifuge modeling

Soil strain is the key parameter to control the elasto-plastic deformation and even the failure processes.To overcome the defect that the strain of the model soil is always smaller than that of the prototype in Iai′s generalized scaling law(GSL),a modified scaling law was proposed based on Iai′s GSL to secure the same dynamic shear strain between the centrifuge model and the prototype by modulating the amplitude and frequency of the input motion at the base.A suite of dynamic centrifuge model tests of dry sand level ground was conducted with the same overall scaling factor(λ=200)under different centrifugal accelerations by using the technique of“modeling of models”to validate the modified GSL.The test results show that the modified GSL could achieve the same dynamic strain in model as that of the prototype,leading to better modeling for geotechnical problems where dynamic strain dominates the response or failure of soils.Finally,the applicability of the proposed scaling law and possible constraints on geometry scaling due to the capability limits of existing centrifuge shaking tables are discussed.

Trend of Developing Aqueous Liquid and Gel Electrolytes for Sustainable,Safe,and High‑Performance Li‑Ion Batteries

Current lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)rely on organic liquid electrolytes that pose significant risks due to their flammability and toxicity.The potential for environmental pollution and explosions resulting from battery damage or fracture is a critical concern.Water-based(aqueous)electrolytes have been receiving attention as an alternative to organic electrolytes.However,a narrow electrochemicalstability window,water decomposition,and the consequent low battery operating voltage and energy density hinder the practical use of aqueous electrolytes.Therefore,developing novel aqueous electrolytes for sustainable,safe,high-performance LIBs remains challenging.This Review first commences by summarizing the roles and requirements of electrolytes–separators and then delineates the progression of aqueous electrolytes for LIBs,encompassing aqueous liquid and gel electrolyte development trends along with detailed principles of the electrolytes.These aqueous electrolytes are progressed based on strategies using superconcentrated salts,concentrated diluents,polymer additives,polymer networks,and artificial passivation layers,which are used for suppressing water decomposition and widening the electrochemical stability window of water of the electrolytes.In addition,this Review discusses potential strategies for the implementation of aqueous Li-metal batteries with improved electrolyte–electrode interfaces.A comprehensive understanding of each strategy in the aqueous system will assist in the design of an aqueous electrolyte and the development of sustainable and safe high-performance batteries.

钙钛矿结构Li_(0.33)La_(0.557)Ti_(0.7)Cr_(0.3)O_(3)包覆稳定富锂锰基正极

富锂锰基层状氧化物凭借超高的放电比容量和较低的价格成为了极具发展前景的锂离子电池正极材料,然而,首次库仑效率较低、容量衰减严重以及较差的倍率性能等缺点制约了其进一步的应用。选用离子-电子混合导体Li_(0.33)La_(0.557)Ti_(0.7)Cr_(0.3)O_(3)作为包覆层材料,并采用共沉淀法和高温退火法将其包覆于正极颗粒上。包覆量为2%的样品性能最佳,在0.5 C下、2.0~4.8 V电压范围内,200次循环容量保持率可以达到88.2%,相比于原始样品的62.1%有了明显的提升。

Analysis of Economic Efficiency of Wildlife Law Enforcement in Serengeti Ecosystem Tanzania

Law enforcement remains to be the main strategy used to combat poaching and account for high budget share in protected area management. Studies on efficiency of wildlife law enforcement in the protected areas are limited. This study analyzed economic efficiency of wildlife law enforcement in terms of resource used and output generated using three different protected areas (PAs) of Serengeti ecosystem namely Serengeti National Park (SENAPA), Ikorongo/Grumeti Game Reserves (IGGR) and Ikona Wildlife Management Area (IWMA). Three years (2010-2012) monthly data on wildlife law enforcement inputs and outputs were collected from respective PAs authorities and supplemented with key informant interviews and secondary data. Questionnaire surveys were conducted to wildlife law enforcement staff. Shadow prices for non-marketed inputs were estimated, and market prices for marketed inputs. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was used to estimate economic efficiency using Variable Return to Scale (VRS) and Constant Return to Scale (CCR) assumptions. Results revealed that wildlife law enforcement in all PAs was economically inefficient, with less inefficiency observed in IWMA. The less inefficiency in IWMA is likely attributed to existing sense of ownership and responsibility created through community-based conservation which resulted in to decrease in law enforcement costs. A slacks evaluation revealed a potential to reduce fuel consumption, number of patrol vehicles, ration and prosecution efforts at different magnitudes between studied protected areas. There is equal potential to recruit more rangers while maintaining the resting time. These finding forms the bases for monitoring and evaluation with respect to resource usage to enhance efficiency. It is further recommended to enhance community participation in conservation in SENAPA and IGGR to lower law enforcement costs. Collaboration between protected area, police and judiciary is fundamental to enhance enforcement efficiency. Despite old dataset, these findings are relevant since neither conservation policy nor institution framework has changed substantially in the last decade.

THE LOW MACH NUMBER LIMIT FOR ISENTROPIC COMPRESSIBLE NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS WITH A REVISED MAXWELL'S LAW

We investigate the low Mach number limit for the isentropic compressible NavierStokes equations with a revised Maxwell's law(with Galilean invariance) in R^(3). By applying the uniform estimates of the error system, it is proven that the solutions of the isentropic Navier-Stokes equations with a revised Maxwell's law converge to that of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations as the Mach number tends to zero. Moreover, the convergence rates are also obtained.

Broader applicability of the metacoupling framework than Tobler’s first law of geography for global sustainability:A systematic review

Complex sustainability issues in the Anthropocene,with rapid globalization and global environmental changes,are increasingly interlinked between not only nearby systems but also distant systems.Tobler’s first law of geog-raphy(TFL)states“near things are more related than distant things”.Evidence suggests that TFL is not infallible for sustainability issues.Recently,the integrated framework of metacoupling(MCF;human-nature interactions within as well as between adjacent and distant systems)has been applied to analyze the interactions between nearby and distant coupled human and natural systems simultaneously.However,previous work has been scat-tered and fragmented.It is crucial to understand the extent to which TFL and MCF apply across pressing issues in sustainability.Therefore,we reviewed and synthesized sustainability literature that used TFL and MCF across seven major topics:land change,species migration,tourism,trade,agricultural development,conservation,and governance.Results indicate MCF had a much broader applicability than TFL for these topics.The literature using MCF generally did not or likely did not obey TFL,especially in trade,governance,and agricultural de-velopment.In the TFL literature,most topics obeyed TFL,except for species migration and trade.The findings suggest the need to rethink and further test TFL’s relevance to sustainability issues,and highlight the potential of MCF to address complex interactions between both adjacent and distant systems across the world for global sustainability.

Confirmation of the First Law of Thermodynamics in Theory and Extended Bernoulli Equation

The internal energy change of ideal gas does not depend on the volume and pressure. The internal energy change of real gas has not any relation with the volume and pressure, which had been proved. If the internal energy change had not any relation with the volume and pressure, we could confirm the first law of thermodynamics in theory. Simultaneously, the internal energy change is the state function that shall be able to be proved in theory. If the internal energy change depended on the volume and pressure, we could not prove that the internal energy change is the state function and the chemical thermodynamics theory is right. The extended or modified Bernoulli equation can be derived from the energy conservation law, and the internal energy change, heat, and friction are all considered in the derivation procedure. The extended Bernoulli equation could be applied to the flying aircraft and mechanical motion on the gravitational field, for instance, the rocket and airplane and so on. This paper also revises some wrong ideas, viewpoints, or concepts about the thermodynamics theory and Bernoulli equation.

Law and Literature: Exploring the Intersection of Two Fields

This article aims to explore the intersection of law and literature,analyzing their connections and influences.First,the article introduces the definitions and basic characteristics of law and literature,emphasizing their similarities and differences.Then,the article discusses how literary works involve legal issues and how law becomes the subject and background of literary works.In addition,the article studies the interaction between law and literature,exploring the impact of novels on legal practice,and how legal texts are rewritten and interpreted in literary works.Finally,the article summarizes the relationship between law and literature and offers some prospects and reflections.

Dilemma and Solution for Relief in the Right to Equal Employment-From the Perspective of Rectifying Private Law with Social Law

At present,the legal remedies in terms of the right to equal employment in China are mainly related to private law,that is,laborers seek direct legal remedies for personality rights liability and infringement liability according to typical private law,supplemented by indirect remedies for labor contract liability under special private law.However,there are many challenges in private law remedies for the right to equal employment,which are manifested in the misunderstanding of the general tort identification of employment discrimination,the loopholes in the regulations on discriminatory employment,the imbalance in the burden of proof,and the limitation and alienation of the functions of civil liability and private law autonomy.The root of those problems lies in the fact that the nature of anti-employment discrimination law is not private law but social law.Equal employment involves both public and private interests,and it should be based on the public interest of society and adhere to the value orientation of prioritizing fairness while taking into account efficiency.Improving the legal relief mechanism for protecting the right to equal employment,with a focus on correcting private law with social law,is the solution to the dilemma.Specific measures include establishing the special tort liability system for equal employment,the legal mechanism against discriminatory labor contracts,the public-private integrated legal responsibility system,and an essentially fair system for the responsibility of adducing evidence.

Exploration of the Inner Laws of Urbanization Economic Operation and Application Analysis

Exploring the inner law of the economic operation of urbanization can understand the regulation mechanism of the optimal distribution of urban resource allocation. In this regard, we propose to explore and analyze the inner law of urbanization economic operation and its application. The study found that the urbanization economy originated from the urban agglomeration effect, which includes the agglomeration economic operation mechanism and spillover effect operation mechanism, based on which three kinds of inner laws of urbanization economic operation are explored, combined with the economic operation law, the non-equilibrium state of the declining cities are regulated and applied, and the results show that the analysis of the inner laws of urbanization economic operation has a direct significance in guiding the real economic process.

On High-Resolution Entropy-Consistent Flux with Slope Limiter for Hyperbolic Conservation Laws

This paper proposes a new version of the high-resolution entropy-consistent(EC-Limited)flux for hyperbolic conservation laws based on a new minmod-type slope limiter.Firstly,we identify the numerical entropy production,a third-order differential term deduced from the previous work of Ismail and Roe[11].The corresponding dissipation term is added to the original Roe flux to achieve entropy consistency.The new,resultant entropy-consistent(EC)flux has a general and explicit analytical form without any corrective factor,making it easy to compute and a less-expensive method.The inequality constraints are imposed on the standard piece-wise quadratic reconstruction to enforce the pointwise values of bounded-type numerical solutions.We design the new minmod slope limiter as combining two separate limiters for left and right states.We propose the EC-Limited flux by adding this reconstruction data method to the primitive variables rather than to the conservative variables of the EC flux to preserve the equilibrium of the primitive variables.These resulting fluxes are easily applied to general hyperbolic conservation laws while having attractive features:entropy-stable,robust,and non-oscillatory.To illustrate the potential of these proposed fluxes,we show the applications to the Burgers equation and the Euler equations.