The Impact of Social Media on Dietary Behaviors and Body Image of College Students: A Qualitative Approach

Background: The use of social media platforms for health and nutrition information has become popular among college students. Although social media made information readily accessible in different formats, nutritional misinformation promoted by influencers and non-experts caused negative impact on diet behavior and perception of body image. Previous research indicated that extensive use of social media was positively linked to disordered eating behaviors. Social media platforms like Facebook and Instagram that allow users to follow celebrities intensified exposure to influencers’ messages and images and resulted in negative moods and body dissatisfaction. Objective: This paper aims to explore the impact of social media on college students’ dietary behaviors and body image. Participants: 18 undergraduate students from a public university in the Southern United States were recruited through a mass email. Methods: A cross-sectional qualitative study of three focus groups was conducted. The focus groups were based on guiding open-ended questions. Atlas.ti was used to code and analyze the data using inductive and deductive codes. Results: Three main themes were identified. The conditions theme included elements that explain why and how social media influences the participants’ actions. The actions theme included eating behavior, physical activity, and dietary supplement intake. The consequences theme describes anticipated or actual outcomes of actions such as body image and ideal weight. Conclusions: Social media has had a negative influence on diet behaviors and a positive influence on physical activity. Evidence-based nutrition and weight management information is needed to thwart potential misinformation.

Acute Otitis Media in Children Aged 0-5 Years, Epidemiological Aspects and Management in the Paediatrics Department of the Hospital National Ignace Deen (Conakry)

Introduction: Acute otitis media is an acute inflammation of the mucosa of the middle ear cavities. It is often secondary to nasopharyngitis, which favors the passage of infection through the Eustachian tube to the middle ear. The aim of our study was to improve the management of AOM in the Paediatric Department of the Hospital National Ignace Deen (Conakry). Patients and Methods: This was a prospective descriptive study lasting 6 months from 01 July to 31 December 2011;the study covered 525 cases out of a total of 6276 children, i.e. a frequency of 8.36%. Results: The most affected age group was 6 to 11 months. Males predominated (69.71%). 82.29% had a history of recurrent rhinopharyngitis. The most frequent reason for consultation was incessant crying (66.29%). Rhinopharyngitis and malaria were the most commonly associated pathologies (87.62% and 39.62% respectively). 72.19% of our patients were admitted with congestive AOM and received medical treatment. We recorded one case of otomastoiditis which was treated surgically. Conclusion: AOM is more common in children aged between 6 and 24 months. Good collaboration between paediatricians and ENT specialists is essential to reduce the morbidity of AOM.

The Role of Toll-Like Receptors and Nuclear Factor κB p65 Protein in the Pathogenesis of Otitis Media

The role of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nuclear factor κB p65 (NF-κB p65) proteins in the pathogenesis of otitis media is explored. In recent years, the incidence of otitis media has been rising globally, becoming a significant threat to human health. More and more studies have found that Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), as a member of the Toll-like receptor family, can promote the generation of inflammatory factors and is closely related to the body’s immune response and inflammatory response. Nuclear factor-κB p65 (NF-κB p65) is a nuclear transcription factor that can interact with various cytokines, growth factors, and apoptotic factors, participating in processes such as oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation in the body [1]. This article elaborates on the structure, function, and signaling pathways of TLR4 and NF-κB p65 proteins in the pathogenesis of otitis media, aiming to provide more precise targets and better therapeutic efficacy for the diagnosis and treatment of otitis media. The role of inflammation in disease.

The Media Logic and Cultural Impact of WeChat

Through its media logic, which is defined by programmability, pervasiveness, connectivity, and datafication, WeChat establishes a non-linear, interactive, and user-dominated media environment. This media logic enhances the influence of each user within WeChat’s narrative landscape and revolutionises traditional media narration methods by enabling them to generate and distribute content. In such an environment, users are able to edit, receive, and send information without constraints of time or distance, which enables delayed interactions that broaden the potential for human communication and dissemination. Additionally, WeChat partially replaces social behaviours and institutions, thereby modifying their original structures and characteristics. As individuals become more accustomed to this media environment, they progressively adjust to the forms that are appropriate for media representation on WeChat, thereby completing the mediatization of culture and society. In this process, individuals are becoming more dependent on media and media logic, with WeChat’s influence permeating social and cultural activities through its media logic. This interaction has a substantial impact on society and culture, thereby aiding in their reconstruction.

User Profile & Attitude Analysis Based on Unstructured Social Media and Online Activity

As social media and online activity continue to pervade all age groups, it serves as a crucial platform for sharing personal experiences and opinions as well as information about attitudes and preferences for certain interests or purchases. This generates a wealth of behavioral data, which, while invaluable to businesses, researchers, policymakers, and the cybersecurity sector, presents significant challenges due to its unstructured nature. Existing tools for analyzing this data often lack the capability to effectively retrieve and process it comprehensively. This paper addresses the need for an advanced analytical tool that ethically and legally collects and analyzes social media data and online activity logs, constructing detailed and structured user profiles. It reviews current solutions, highlights their limitations, and introduces a new approach, the Advanced Social Analyzer (ASAN), that bridges these gaps. The proposed solutions technical aspects, implementation, and evaluation are discussed, with results compared to existing methodologies. The paper concludes by suggesting future research directions to further enhance the utility and effectiveness of social media data analysis.

How Rustic Videos Influence Youth’s Linguistic Expression: An Analysis Based on Semiotics, Meme Theory and Media Spectacle Theory

The surge in popularity of rustic videos has spawned a great number of Internet memes, such as Internet trendy words growing from dialects and strange pronunciations, picture memes made from video screenshots, and mesmerizing music with a vernacular flavor. Due to their reproducibility, social interaction, and involvement, these rustic videos adhere to the fundamental logic of the propagation of online memes. Rustic videos are widely disseminated as online memes on TikTok (the Chinese version), are often reproduced and used by young people in social contact, and have become a unique linguistic symbol in modern internet culture. As a symbolic carrier that transports the consciousness of the video creator and viewer, it is widely employed in the communication and engagement of young people on a regular basis, progressively altering their linguistic expression. This specific semiotic interaction has deconstructed and recreated the conventional media culture spectacle. This research examines the influence of rustic videos on TikTok on the linguistic expressions of modern youth from the perspectives of meme theory and semiotics, as well as the impact of rustic videos on the media spectacle from the standpoint of media spectacle theory. It also examines in depth the effects of the popularity of rustic videos on China’s economy and culture.

Impact of Social Media Challenges on Pediatric Single-Use Detergent Sacs and Diphenhydramine Ingestions Reported to United States Poison Control Centers

Background: Social media platforms are popular among children and often feature challenges that become viral. Notably, the Tide Pod® and Benadryl® challenges encouraged viewers to ingest these substances for their visual appeal and hallucinogenic effects, respectively. This study aimed to assess the clinical impact and outcomes of single-use detergent sacs (SUDS) and diphenhydramine challenges on pediatric ingestions reported to United States (U.S.) Poison Control Centers (PCCs). Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of pediatric exposures reported to U.S. PCCs using data from the National Poison Data System (NPDS). The study included intentional single-substance ingestions of both brand-name and generic forms of SUDS and diphenhydramine among children ≤ 19 years. We compared the number of calls, clinical effects, disposition, and management strategies for SUDS (pre: 01/01/17 to 12/31/17 vs. post: 01/01/18 to 12/31/18) and diphenhydramine (pre: 08/01/19 to 07/31/20 vs. post: 08/01/20 to 07/31/21) ingestions 12 months before and after the introduction of the respective social media challenges. Differences in proportions were compared using the Chi-square test. Results: During the study period, 469 ingestions of SUDS and 5,702 ingestions of diphenhydramine were reported. Post-challenge periods saw an increase in both SUDS (pre: 82 vs. post: 387;372% increase) and diphenhydramine ingestions (pre: 2,672 vs. post: 3,030;13% increase). While there were no significant changes in moderate or major clinical outcomes, hospitalizations increased post-challenge for both SUDS [pre: 4 (4.9%) vs. post: 33 (8.5%);p = 0.25] and diphenhydramine [pre: n = 904 (33.8%) vs. post: 1,190 (39.3%);p Conclusion: Pediatric ingestions reported to U.S. PCCs and hospitalizations increased coinciding with the introduction of Tide Pod® and Benadryl® challenges. While causality cannot be definitively established, it is essential for pediatricians and parents to be aware of these challenges and educate vulnerable children about the harmful effects of participation in such challenges.

Detection of Knowledge on Social Media Using Data Mining Techniques

In light of the rapid growth and development of social media, it has become the focus of interest in many different scientific fields. They seek to extract useful information from it, and this is called (knowledge), such as extracting information related to people’s behaviors and interactions to analyze feelings or understand the behavior of users or groups, and many others. This extracted knowledge has a very important role in decision-making, creating and improving marketing objectives and competitive advantage, monitoring events, whether political or economic, and development in all fields. Therefore, to extract this knowledge, we need to analyze the vast amount of data found within social media using the most popular data mining techniques and applications related to social media sites.

Expression and Clinical Significance of Various Cytokines in Otitis Media

The expression and clinical significance of relevant cytokines in otitis media (OM) are discussed, and the alterations to the pathological state of the otitis media mucosa are further understood through the study of cytokine transduction pathways. More and more studies have shown that relevant cell proliferation and inflammation progression pathways play a role in the development of otitis media, such as the Jun amino-terminal protein kinase (JNK) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, the NF-κB signaling pathway, and the PI3K/AKT/PTEN pathway, which are involved in the proliferation of the middle ear mucosa during otitis media, which affects the mucosal cilia, motor function, Eustachian tube function, and the mucosal ciliary function. These studies provide new ideas for the treatment of otitis media and further explore the feasibility of immunotherapy in the future treatment of otitis media. In this paper, we present a review of the latest research progress on the expression of various cytokines in otitis media.

角色演变视角下辟谣信息对社交媒体意见领袖形成的影响——基于舆论领导法则

[目的/意义]探究辟谣信息对社交媒体用户的影响,特别是对意见领袖形成现象机制的挖掘。构建社交媒体用户角色演变行为模型,研究人员可以更好地了解意见领袖的形成原因,刻画辟谣信息对社交媒体用户的作用机制,有助于对参与辟谣的“准意见领袖”进行合理引导,以提高社交媒体舆情管理的效率和准确性。[方法/过程]首先,对微博社交媒体平台中的特定主题事件进行跟踪,识别并筛选出“新生意见领袖”群体,并利用质性访谈对此群体进行深度访谈。然后,基于程序化扎根理论方法,利用NVivo 12软件进行扎根编码构建模型,并通过理论饱和度检验验证模型的完整性。最后,对社交媒体用户角色演变的原因进行深入分析和探讨。[结果/结论]在辟谣信息作用下,个体主观因素、社会环境因素和辟谣信息因素对一般用户向新生意见领袖的演变行为产生重要影响,其中个体主观因素在辟谣信息的作用下对意见领袖形成的影响更加显著,自我认知清晰、高情绪需求且情绪稳定的个体更容易成为影响力持久的意见领袖;社会公众认可、实质性奖励和政策法律支持共同构成社会环境因素,是意见领袖形成的重要保障;辟谣信息因素中的辟谣信息热度、可信度和发布质量等方面都会直接影响“潜在意见领袖”用户群体对辟谣事件的把握,进而干预其参与辟谣的决定。

从“媒体出圈”到“价值共创”:非传统旅游城市目的地品牌生态圈塑造研究

社交媒体平台的兴起催生了“网红打卡”式新兴旅游方式,带火了一批“网红城市”。对于知名度低、传统旅游吸引物匮乏的非传统旅游城市来说,媒体“出圈”容易,却难以形成持续稳定的目的地品牌形象。基于品牌生态圈理论,通过梳理“淄博烧烤”现象的关键事件,探索从单一网红要素到目的地品牌生态圈塑造的经验模式。研究发现,非传统旅游城市品牌生态圈塑造分四个阶段:聚焦“有效治理”的品牌生态圈前期阶段、聚焦“核心IP打造”的品牌核心圈塑造阶段、聚焦“价值共创”的品牌生态圈初步形成阶段和聚焦“适应性演化能力”的城市品牌生态圈可持续发展阶段,不同阶段分别受市场契合性、感官真实性、互动参与性、多主体联动性和情感体验性因素驱动。本研究为非传统旅游城市打造从媒体出圈到目的地品牌可持续发展模式提供了有益借鉴及参考。

多种混合式教学模式在临床实习教学中的应用

目的探讨以问题为导向的教学法(problem-based learning,PBL)、以临床案例为基础的教学法(case-based learning,CBL)结合情景体验多媒体多种混合模式教学方式在临床实习教学中的应用效果。方法2020年9月—2021年1月,选择佳木斯大学2016级临床本科实习生共80名,随机分成2组,每组40名。A组接受情景体验多媒体结合PBL、CBL教学模式,B组接受传统教学。2组学生经过4个月采用不同教学方法的学习后,进行了临床技能和临床理论以及病例分析能力的考核。随后,对考核成绩进行了统计学分析。结果A组临床技能+临床理论考核成绩高于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。A组病例分析能力考核成绩优于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论PBL教学法、CBL教学法结合情景体验多媒体多种混合模式教学模式可以提高临床实习学生的临床理论知识、临床技能成绩以及病例分析能力。

大学生社交媒体信息安全风险感知影响因素

文章提出社交媒体信息安全风险感知影响因素关系假设,以大学生社交媒体用户群体为研究对象,通过问卷调研风险感知现状,在构建结构方程模型的基础上对问卷数据进行了模型验证和中介效应检验。研究发现:大学生社交媒体信息安全风险感知程度的城乡间差距明显,其面对信息安全风险主要采用系统式处理;媒体信任度、社会群体归属感、卷入认知会对系统式处理产生影响,知识和信息有效性会对启发式-系统式处理产生影响;系统式处理在知识、媒体信任度、社会群体归属感、卷入认知、信息有效性和风险感知之间起完全中介效应,负面情绪直接正向影响风险感知。

数智环境下社交媒体用户算法素养评价指标体系构建研究

[目的/意义]构建社交媒体用户算法素养评价指标体系,科学地测量社交媒体的算法素养,发现社交媒体用户算法素养存在的问题,进而展开有针对性的算法素养教育。[方法/过程]采用文献研究法、专家调查法以及层次分析法,根据国内外相关研究成果,从算法意识与态度、算法知识、算法技能、算法规范4个维度构建社交媒体用户算法素养评价指标体系,并对算法素养评价指标权重进行分析,为提升社交媒体用户算法素养提出有针对性的建议和策略。[结果/结论]通过对社交媒体用户算法素养评价指标体系分析,未来可以从三个方面提升社交媒体用户的算法素养:将算法素养纳入通识教育体系;以风险教育为切入点加强算法风险知识与算法风险控制能力的培养;丰富算法素养教育与培训的形式。

企业社交媒体使用与员工行为及心理结果间关系的元分析

作为一种内部沟通与协作的工具,企业社交媒体的使用如何影响员工绩效、工作满意度和工作/生活冲突等一直是企业界与学术界关注的焦点,但相关研究并未得到一致的结论。本文采用元分析方法,基于自2006年“企业2.0”的概念被提出到2021年6月间的54篇中英文实证研究文献,探究企业社交媒体使用对员工任务绩效、创新绩效、工作满意度、工作投入、组织承诺、工作/生活冲突及情绪耗竭这些行为与心理结果变量的影响及其中潜在的调节变量。元分析结果显示:(1)企业社交媒体使用与员工的任务绩效和创新绩效分别有中等强度和高度的正相关关系;(2)企业社交媒体使用与员工的工作满意度、工作投入、组织承诺、工作/生活冲突和情绪耗竭有弱正相关关系;(3)员工使用企业社交媒体的目的是调节企业社交媒体的使用与员工个体结果关系的关键变量,社交媒体类型、国家地域文化和员工职位也会对变量间的关系具有不同程度的调节作用。本文结论对调和以往不一致的研究结果、全面认识企业社交媒体使用行为对员工行为和心理结果变量的影响机理、科学制定企业社交媒体管理决策具有重要意义。

我国红色文化资源数字化建设

红色文化是中国共产党智慧的结晶,是中华优秀传统文化的重要组成部分。在信息化语境下,用数字化手段对红色文化资源进行挖掘、传播和创新,推动红色文化资源的数字化建设,近年来成为热点议题。从文献计量视角出发,运用共词分析和可视化分析方法,以研究趋势、学术团体、关键词共现网络等信息为逻辑分析框架。通过研究发现,我国红色文化资源数字化建设研究共形成了四大热点主题,即新媒体环境下红色文化传播研究、信息化语境下红色文化与高校思政教育融合研究、红色文化资源的数字化传播和传承研究、网络时代下的红色旅游研究。

基于多孔介质的高速铁路透风式挡风墙关键参数研究

合理的匹配参数是风区铁路沿线防风设施研究的关键问题。针对风区铁路沿线部分区段混凝土实心挡风墙出现的环境风越过挡风墙顶导致严重的弓网离线、无法正常升弓,危及铁路行车安全问题,提出改“堵”为“疏”,通过一定的透风率来调控挡风墙后的线路风场,从而为缓解上述现象提供一种新思路,其关键问题在于透风式挡风墙关键参数与防风效果的合理匹配。为此,基于多孔介质的自身特性,提出一种基于多孔介质的挡风墙风场新研究方法,将挡风墙透风率与防风效果的合理匹配问题转化为多孔介质的阻力系数与列车气动载荷的关系研究。首先,通过比较数值模拟结果与兰新高铁挡风墙风场现场试验结果,修正并验证数值模拟方法的准确性。然后,通过数值模拟研究进一步探究多孔介质阻力参数与挡风墙透风率之间的关系,获得风区铁路沿线透风式挡风墙关键参数最优区间。研究结果表明:可以采用多孔介质代替挡风墙几何进行挡风墙风场研究,能够显著提升研究效率;多孔介质的黏性阻力系数在挡风墙风场研究中可以忽略,多孔介质的惯性阻力系数与挡风墙的透风率呈幂函数关系;风区铁路沿线透风式挡风墙高度为3.5 m,透风率在24.4%~28.7%区间时,对一线、二线列车的防风效果最好。

乌司他丁防治老年冠心病合并慢性肾脏病患者对比剂诱导的急性肾损伤的临床研究

目的探究乌司他丁对老年冠心病合并慢性肾脏病(CKD)患者发生对比剂诱导的急性肾损伤(CIAKI)的防治作用。方法连续入选2021年11月至2022年11月解放军总医院第一医学中心收治的老年冠心病合并CKD并拟行冠状动脉造影的患者321例,分为乌司他丁组161例,水化组160例。比较2组术前及术后2 d心、肾功能指标,观察2组心、肾功能变化差异及CIAKI发生情况。结果乌司他丁组术后2 d血清肌酐、尿素、胱抑素C、同型半胱氨酸、N末端B型钠尿肽前体水平显著低于水化组,估算肾小球滤过率水平显著高于水化组(P<0.01)。321例中有62例(19.3%)符合CIAKI诊断,乌司他丁组17例,水化组45例,乌司他丁组与水化组比较有显著差异(10.6%vs 28.1%,P<0.01)。乌司他丁组合并高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症及高尿酸血症的患者CIAKI发生率较水化组显著降低(P<0.01)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,乌司他丁是发生CIAKI的保护因素(OR=0.348,95%CI:0.180~0.673,P=0.001)。结论乌司他丁可改善老年冠心病合并CKD患者的肾功能,降低CIAKI发生风险。

NH_(3)/CH_(4)/CH_(3)OH多孔介质燃烧特性模拟研究

氨(NH_(3))是一种无碳燃料,有望作为热能发电的替代燃料降低碳排放。多孔介质燃烧是一种可提高燃烧速率和稳定性的燃烧技术,实验表明其用于氨与反应性更强的燃料进行混燃可以同时提高燃烧强度和燃烧稳定性,但缺乏相应的模型研究。该文基于多孔介质导热强度高的特性,其内部燃烧满足一维假设,建立了一维多孔介质燃烧模型,对NH_(3)分别与甲烷(CH_(4))、甲醇(CH_(3)OH)掺混时的燃烧特性进行模型计算。计算结果显示多孔介质对两种混合燃料的作用不同,对于CH_(4)/NH_(3)燃料,多孔介质可以明显提高燃烧速率并降低富燃状态的NH_(3)残留;对于CH_(3)OH/NH_(3)燃料,提高燃烧速率和降低NH_(3)残留的效果较差;对两种混合燃料,可燃气体预混后直接送入多孔介质燃烧都增加一定的NOx排放,增加效果相同,而分级燃烧可以显著降低NOx排放。