<strong>Background: </strong>This study aims to investigate the moderating effect of family health status on the relationship between involvement in housework of two-side parents’ families and happiness o...<strong>Background: </strong>This study aims to investigate the moderating effect of family health status on the relationship between involvement in housework of two-side parents’ families and happiness of middle-aged women in Taiwan. <strong>Methods:</strong> The data used in this study were gathered from the Ministry of Science and Technology’s program—“Intergenerational expectation and collaboration: an inquiry on a new mechanism of continued tradition across generations”. The subjects (n = 512) were restricted to aged 45 - 64 years old who live with spouses and have children, and one of whose parent or parent-in-law is still alive. Multiple regression analysis was used to investigate how family health status moderates the relationship between involvement in housework of parents’ families and parents-in-law’s families and the happiness of middle-aged women. <strong>Results:</strong> 1) Family health status is positively correlated with their happiness. 2) The parents’ health status can moderate the relationship between involvement in housework of parents’ families and happiness of the middle-aged women. 3) The middle-aged women’s health status can moderate the relationship between involvement in housework of parents-in-law’s families and those women’s happiness, and fathers-in-law’s health status can moderate the relationship between husbands’ involvement in housework of the women’s parents-in-law’s families and women’s happiness. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> In future, when policies and programs related to the well-being of middle-aged women are being planned, the effect of women’s health and family health status shall be considered as a key to improve those women’s quality of life.展开更多
The purpose of this project was to examine the effects of a 20-week training study, which included varied aerobic exercise intensity and identical resistance and flexibility training, on circumference, body mass, horm...The purpose of this project was to examine the effects of a 20-week training study, which included varied aerobic exercise intensity and identical resistance and flexibility training, on circumference, body mass, hormonal, health/fitness and psychophysical measures. Methods: Thirty-two of 40 recruited overweight middle-aged women were randomized into two training groups: low-intensity (LOW: -40% VO2peak and high-intensity (HIGH: -80% VO2peak), for a 20-week training program. Participants were weighed, measured, underwent VO2peak graded exercise tests, and had blood drawn pre-training and at 10- and 20-weeks. Results: Both groups experienced significant body mass loss at 10- and 20-weeks (LOW: p < 0.05;p < 0.01 and HIGH: p and circumference loss (10-weeks—LOW: waist, hip, and thigh regions (p < 0.001);HIGH: arm (p < 0.05), waist (p < 0.05), hip (p < 0.01), thigh (p < 0.05);20-weeks—LOW: arm, waist, hip, thigh (p < 0.001);HIGH: arm, hip, thigh (p < 0.001) and waist (p < 0.01)). Ghrelin levels were elevated in the LOW group (p < 0.05) by the end of the 20-weeks of training, whereas the HIGH group had a significant decrease (p < 0.01) at that time. Over the training period, leptin concentrations diminished significantly in both groups (LOW p < 0.01;HIGH p < 0.05) and were correlated to the body mass/ anthropometric changes. Discussion: Both low- and high-intensity produced significant loss in body mass and circumference measurements suggesting that it is not the intensity of exercise, but rather overall energy expenditure that should be considered. The advantage of high-intensity aerobic exercise is that it requires less time to produce the desired energy expenditure. The changes in ghrelin and leptin may have contributed to the energy intake during laboratory trials.展开更多
文摘<strong>Background: </strong>This study aims to investigate the moderating effect of family health status on the relationship between involvement in housework of two-side parents’ families and happiness of middle-aged women in Taiwan. <strong>Methods:</strong> The data used in this study were gathered from the Ministry of Science and Technology’s program—“Intergenerational expectation and collaboration: an inquiry on a new mechanism of continued tradition across generations”. The subjects (n = 512) were restricted to aged 45 - 64 years old who live with spouses and have children, and one of whose parent or parent-in-law is still alive. Multiple regression analysis was used to investigate how family health status moderates the relationship between involvement in housework of parents’ families and parents-in-law’s families and the happiness of middle-aged women. <strong>Results:</strong> 1) Family health status is positively correlated with their happiness. 2) The parents’ health status can moderate the relationship between involvement in housework of parents’ families and happiness of the middle-aged women. 3) The middle-aged women’s health status can moderate the relationship between involvement in housework of parents-in-law’s families and those women’s happiness, and fathers-in-law’s health status can moderate the relationship between husbands’ involvement in housework of the women’s parents-in-law’s families and women’s happiness. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> In future, when policies and programs related to the well-being of middle-aged women are being planned, the effect of women’s health and family health status shall be considered as a key to improve those women’s quality of life.
文摘The purpose of this project was to examine the effects of a 20-week training study, which included varied aerobic exercise intensity and identical resistance and flexibility training, on circumference, body mass, hormonal, health/fitness and psychophysical measures. Methods: Thirty-two of 40 recruited overweight middle-aged women were randomized into two training groups: low-intensity (LOW: -40% VO2peak and high-intensity (HIGH: -80% VO2peak), for a 20-week training program. Participants were weighed, measured, underwent VO2peak graded exercise tests, and had blood drawn pre-training and at 10- and 20-weeks. Results: Both groups experienced significant body mass loss at 10- and 20-weeks (LOW: p < 0.05;p < 0.01 and HIGH: p and circumference loss (10-weeks—LOW: waist, hip, and thigh regions (p < 0.001);HIGH: arm (p < 0.05), waist (p < 0.05), hip (p < 0.01), thigh (p < 0.05);20-weeks—LOW: arm, waist, hip, thigh (p < 0.001);HIGH: arm, hip, thigh (p < 0.001) and waist (p < 0.01)). Ghrelin levels were elevated in the LOW group (p < 0.05) by the end of the 20-weeks of training, whereas the HIGH group had a significant decrease (p < 0.01) at that time. Over the training period, leptin concentrations diminished significantly in both groups (LOW p < 0.01;HIGH p < 0.05) and were correlated to the body mass/ anthropometric changes. Discussion: Both low- and high-intensity produced significant loss in body mass and circumference measurements suggesting that it is not the intensity of exercise, but rather overall energy expenditure that should be considered. The advantage of high-intensity aerobic exercise is that it requires less time to produce the desired energy expenditure. The changes in ghrelin and leptin may have contributed to the energy intake during laboratory trials.
