Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in Chinese military personnel:A cross-sectional,multicenter-based study

BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection is a prevalent disease encountered in military internal medicine and recognized as the main cause of dyspepsia,gastritis,and peptic ulcer,which are common diseases in military personnel.Current guidelines in China state all patients with evidence of active infection with H.pylori are offered treatment.However,the prevalence of H.pylori infection and its regional distribution in the military population remain unclear,which hinders effective prevention and treatment strategies.Understanding the prevalence of H.pylori infection in the military population will aid in the development of customized strategies to better manage this infectious disease.AIM To investigate the prevalence of H.pylori infection in the Chinese military population in different geographic areas.METHODS This multicenter,retrospective study included 22421 individuals from five tertiary hospitals located in north,east,southwest,and northwest cities of China.H.pylori infection was identified using the urea breath test,which had been performed between January 2020 and December 2021.RESULTS Of the 22421 military service members,7416(33.1%)were urea breath test-positive.The highest prevalence of H.pylori was in the 30-39 years age group for military personnel,with an infection rate of 34.9%.The majority of infected subjects were younger than 40-years-old,accounting for 70.4%of the infected population.The individuals serviced in Lanzhou and Chengdu showed a higher infection prevalence than those in Beijing,Nanjing,and Guangzhou,with prevalence rates of 44.3%,37.9%,29.0%,31.1%,and 32.3%,respectively.CONCLUSION H.pylori infection remains a common infectious disease among military personnel in China and has a relatively high prevalence rate in northwest China.

A survey of data-centric technologies supporting decision-making before deploying military assets

In a time characterized by the availability of vast amounts of data,the effective utilization of information is critical for timely decision-making in military operations.However,processing large amounts of data requires computational resources and time.Therefore,decision makers have used data-centric technologies to take advantage of public and private data sources to support military operations.This survey explores the integration and application of data-centric technologies,such as data analytics,data science,and machine learning,to optimize decision-making workflows within military contexts supporting the deployment of military assets and resources.To address the information gap,this article presents a literature review,specifically a survey.Our survey examines the use of the mentioned technologies to process and analyze information that contributes to the phases of situational awareness,and planning in military environments.We then introduce a taxonomy of the approaches associated with implementing these technologies in military scenarios.Furthermore,we discuss relevant factors for the seamless integration of data-centric technologies into military decision-making processes,and reveal the importance of specialized personnel,architectures,and cybersecurity issues in the task of developing prototypes and models.The findings of this paper aim to provide valuable insights for military institutions,offering a deeper understanding of the use of data-centric technologies as innovative practices to enhance the effectiveness of military decision-making.

MTTSNet:Military time-sensitive targets stealth network via real-time mask generation

The automatic stealth task of military time-sensitive targets plays a crucial role in maintaining national military security and mastering battlefield dynamics in military applications.We propose a novel Military Time-sensitive Targets Stealth Network via Real-time Mask Generation(MTTSNet).According to our knowledge,this is the first technology to automatically remove military targets in real-time from videos.The critical steps of MTTSNet are as follows:First,we designed a real-time mask generation network based on the encoder-decoder framework,combined with the domain expansion structure,to effectively extract mask images.Specifically,the ASPP structure in the encoder could achieve advanced semantic feature fusion.The decoder stacked high-dimensional information with low-dimensional information to obtain an effective mask layer.Subsequently,the domain expansion module guided the adaptive expansion of mask images.Second,a context adversarial generation network based on gated convolution was constructed to achieve background restoration of mask positions in the original image.In addition,our method worked in an end-to-end manner.A particular semantic segmentation dataset for military time-sensitive targets has been constructed,called the Military Time-sensitive Target Masking Dataset(MTMD).The MTMD dataset experiment successfully demonstrated that this method could create a mask that completely occludes the target and that the target could be hidden in real time using this mask.We demonstrated the concealment performance of our proposed method by comparing it to a number of well-known and highly optimized baselines.

Effect of dietary supplementation with discardednutrient medium of Cordyceps militaris on layingperformance and diversity of intestinal flora in laying hens

The aim of the experiment was to explore the feasibility of discarded nutrient medium of Cordyceps militaris as feed in the production of laying hens. 100 g/kg, 200 g/kg, 300 g/kg of discarded nutrient medium of Cordyceps militaris were added to the basal diet of laying hens. The results showed that the optimal addition of discarded nutrient medium of Cordyceps militaris in the diet of laying hens was 10%. According to the results of measuring the conventional indicators of eggs, the weight of eggs produced by laying hens fed with discarded nutrient medium of Cordyceps militaris was higher than that of laying hens fed with ordinary laying hens. The content of interleukin-1(IL-1) in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the concentration of IL-1 increased by 141.5 pg/mL, which indicated that the application of discarded nutrient medium of Cordyceps militaris effectively improved the immunity of laying hens. The high-throughput analysis of the intestinal contents of the two groups of laying hens showed that the microbial population abundance of the intestinal tract of the experimental group was greater than that of control group, and the application of discarded nutrient medium of Cordyceps militaris increased the diversity of bacteria in the intestinal tract of laying hens. In addition, the sensitivity of some pathogenic bacteria in the intestinal tract of chickens to drugs was also increased, thereby reducing the use of antibiotics. The secondary utilization of discarded nutrient medium of Cordyceps militaris has great development and utilization prospects, which provided a scientific reference and basic theoretical basis for the development of discarded nutrient medium of Cordyceps militaris as feed in the production of laying hens.

Medical appraisal of Chinese military aircrew with abnormal results of coronary computed tomographic angiography

BACKGROUND Coronary artery diseases can cause myocardial ischemia and hypoxia,angina pectoris,myocardial infarction,arrhythmia,and even sudden death led to inflight incapacitation of aircrew.As the main cause of grounding due to illness,they severe threats to the health and fighting strength of military aircrew.Early warning in an early and accurate manner and early intervention of diseases possibly resulting in inflight incapacitation are key emphases of aeromedical support in clinic.AIM To figure out the flight factors and clinical characteristics of military aircrew with abnormal results of coronary artery computed tomographic angiography(CTA),thereby rendering theoretical references for clinical aeromedical support of military flying personnel.METHODS The clinical data of 15 flying personnel who received physical examinations in a military medical center from December 2020 to June 2023 and were diagnosed with coronary artery diseases by coronary artery CTA were collected and retrospectively analyzed,and a descriptive statistical analysis was conducted on their onset age,aircraft type and clinical data.RESULTS The 15 military flying personnel diagnosed with coronary artery diseases by coronary artery CTA were composed of 9 pilots,1 navigator and 5 air combat service workers.Multi-vessel disease was detected in 9 flying personnel,among which 8(88.9%)were pilots.Flying personnel with multi-vessel disease had higher content of cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein B than those with single-vessel disease.CONCLUSION Coronary artery diseases are the major heart disease for the grounding of flying personnel due to illness,which can lead to inflight incapacitation.Coronary artery CTA is conducive to early detection and early intervention treatment of such diseases in clinic.

Ultra reliability and massive connectivity provision in integrated internet of military things(IoMT)based on tactical datalink

One of the major challenges arising in internet of military things(IoMT)is accommodating massive connectivity while providing guaranteed quality of service(QoS)in terms of ultra-high reliability.In this regard,this paper presents a class of code-domain nonorthogonal multiple accesses(NOMAs)for uplink ultra reliable networking of massive IoMT based on tactical datalink such as Link-16 and joint tactical information distribution system(JTIDS).In the considered scenario,a satellite equipped with Nr antennas servers K devices including vehicles,drones,ships,sensors,handset radios,etc.Nonorthogonal coded modulation,a special form of multiple input multiple output(MIMO)-NOMA is proposed.The discussion starts with evaluating the output signal to interference-plus-noise(SINR)of receiver filter,leading to the unveiling of a closed-form expression for overloading systems as the number of users is significantly larger than the number of devices admitted such that massive connectivity is rendered.The expression allows for the development of simple yet successful interference suppression based on power allocation and phase shaping techniques that maximizes the sum rate since it is equivalent to fixed-point programming as can be proved.The proposed design is exemplified by nonlinear modulation schemes such as minimum shift keying(MSK)and Gaussian MSK(GMSK),two pivotal modulation formats in IoMT standards such as Link-16 and JITDS.Numerical results show that near capacity performance is offered.Fortunately,the performance is obtained using simple forward error corrections(FECs)of higher coding rate than existing schemes do,while the transmit power is reduced by 6 dB.The proposed design finds wide applications not only in IoMT but also in deep space communications,where ultra reliability and massive connectivity is a keen concern.

Impact of Land Requisition for Military Training during World War II on Farming and the South Downs Landscape,England

The impact of WorldWar II on the physical landscape of British towns and cities as a result of airborne assault is well known.However,less newsworthy but arguably no less significant is the impact of the war on agriculture and the countryside,especially in South-East England.This paper outlines the building of an historical Geographical Information System(GIS)from different data sources including the National Farm Survey(NFS),Luftwaffe and Royal Air Force(RAF)aerial photographs and basic topographic mapping for the South Downs in East and West Sussex.It explores the impact and legacy ofWorldWar II on the agricultural landscape of this area through both the‘plough-up’campaigns aimed at increasing agricultural production and the occupation of farm land for military training purposes.Farms surrounding an area where extensive tracts of land were taken over for military training and defensive purposes on the Downs close to Brighton and the county town of Lewes in East Sussex are the focus of attention illuminating the beneficial and disruptive impacts of the government’s drive to increase food output by bringing land into more productive use by means of a‘plough-up’campaign and using formerly agricultural land for military training.These changes contributed to the transformation of the region into“an arable monoculture”and the virtual disappearance of traditional sheep rearing in the post-war decades.

统筹发展和安全中的“民参军”——二战后大国技术发展模式及其启示

促进发展和维护安全是世界各国追求的两项重要目标,而技术的军民融合则是连接发展和安全的重要纽带。二战后,苏联、日本与美国的军民融合实践,分别代表了“旋转耗散”“旋转上升”“旋转下降”以及“旋转环绕”四种大国技术发展模式。这四种模式的不同成效表明,要成功地实现军民技术融合,统筹发展和安全,关键在于“民参军”。“民参军”为军用技术提供了负反馈的制约、互补能力的积累以及持续的资金来源。苏联的困境在于缺乏“民参军”,大量军用技术难以外溢到民用部门,最终导致军用部门也缺乏持续的资金支持。日本的经验是技术从民用部门扩散到军用部门,民用部门推动了军民两用技术的发展。20世纪80年代前的美国,服务安全的军用技术逐步外溢到服务发展的民用部门;在此之后,军用技术与民用技术相互渗透,交叉影响。二战后大国技术的发展模式及军民技术融合的成败为中国推动军民融合、统筹发展和安全提供了重要借鉴。

汉末三国的军师

“军师”是为君主将帅谋划作战事务的文职官员,周代尊称为“师”,两汉之际始称“军师”。汉末三国曹操的首位军师是周㬂,后来荀攸作为军师跟随他征伐中原,屡立奇功。曹操被封魏公后,设立有中军师、前军师、左右军师等,文帝以降又在中军和边防外军都督属下置军师,参赞军务,代表朝廷监督主将。蜀汉刘备先后任命诸葛亮为军师中郎将、军师将军,有带兵的权力。诸葛亮执政后设前军师、中军师等荣誉官衔,到他死后逐渐取消。孙吴长期未设军师,曾经颁授的也只是荣誉性的附加职衔,起不到为君主参议军事的作用。吴、蜀军师的虚设与消亡,与其人才匮乏有密切关系。

新兴领域军民两用技术转移机制、趋势与障碍因子研究

新兴领域军民两用技术的高效转移是形成新域新质作战力量的关键驱动力。通过提炼新兴领域军民两用技术转移的内涵和形成机制,以2015—2021年间145家新兴领域军民融合企业作为研究样本,采用退火算法优化投影寻踪模型及高斯核密度估计分析其演化趋势,通过ICTM分析框架诊断其障碍因子。结果表明:新兴领域军民两用技术的转移通过双螺旋耦合机制和相对技术势差流向机制得以实现;新兴领域技术转移水平呈现上升趋势,存在能力跃迁现象,但不同战区间转移水平差距逐渐扩大,形成明显的“梯型效应”。研究还发现,新兴领域技术转移意愿、军民融合理念、技术要素流动性、保密机制和中介能力是影响新兴领域军民两用技术转移的关键障碍因子。本研究结果丰富了技术转移相关理论,为新兴领域军民融合发展提供参考价值。

“大学物理实验”军事特色实验项目设计——以弹头转动惯量测量实验为例

面向高素质专业化新型军事人才培养的使命任务,国防科技大学物理实验课程组建设了系列军事特色实验项目.以弹头转动惯量测量为例,介绍了军事特色实验项目的教学设计,该项目在传统转动惯量测量实验的基础上进行改造,并辅以炮弹专用型转动惯量测试仪,突出实验项目的军事特色.教学设计围绕实验概述—实验原理—实验演示与讨论—实验内容与要求—自主实验—研讨与拓展等环节展开,在教学过程中通过仪器操作与讨论、课堂研讨等互动环节,提高学生对仪器以及实验的理解,提升整体教学质量.

借鉴军队卫勤力量训练模式提升地方紧急医学救援能力的思考

目的 基于《突发事件紧急医学救援“十四五”规划》(简称“《规划》”),借鉴军队卫勤力量训练模式,为提高地方紧急医学救援能力提供策略指导。方法 采用文献回顾法,结合军队应急救援训练实践及任务经验,参照《规划》,探究将军队卫勤训练方法融入地方紧急救援队伍训练的具体途径。结果 引入军队卫勤力量训练模式,如“卫勤蓝军”模拟训练、基地化系统训练、现代技术手段运用、军事紧急医学救援实训经验以及联合训练装备保障建设等措施,显著促进了《规划》的高效执行与质量落实。结论 通过军民深度合作,构建起立体化、一体化的紧急医学救援体系,将军事卫生勤务保障实践与地方紧急医疗救治体系建设紧密结合,有效加速了《规划》的具体实施,有利于同时推动地方急救体系与国防建设的同步提升。

苏轼、苏辙《郭纶》诗史事发微

苏轼、苏辙兄弟早年同作有题为《郭纶》的诗文,都是为一介武官郭纶所写,全文既记述了其生平概况,也充分表达了同情之意。借助二苏诗文提供的线索,再结合有关史料记载,不仅这位职官不显的人物事迹得以还原,并且还进一步印证了宋仁宗时代西北边防的相关问题。苏轼、苏辙兄弟这些诗文表露的主旨,反映了其入仕前曾经对武臣的认识。及至他们从政后,因逐渐受到士大夫群体主流观念的影响,对武臣以及武功的态度遂发生了较大的变化。由此,也为观察苏轼兄弟二人的文武观及其变化提供了不可多得的切入点。

新时代国防动员高质量发展的体系优化、体制创新与实践探索--第二届国防动员发展论坛暨军事社会学研讨会综述

第二届国防动员发展论坛暨军事社会学研讨会于2024年10月24日至26日在江西省鹰潭市成功举办,全国军地科研机构、国防动员系统和相关企事业单位200多名专家学者参会。与会代表深入探讨了新时代背景下国防动员的功能定位与运行机制、动员体系的构建,以及国防动员与社会治理的关系等重要议题。会议围绕国防动员的高质量发展战略、顶层设计与体系建设、军事社会学理论及地方实践经验形成了丰富的研究成果。与会专家一致认为,创新发展中国特色现代国防动员体系,对提升国家安全发展能力和社会治理水平具有重要意义。同时,论坛为推动国防动员的理论研究与实践探索搭建了重要的学术交流平台,会议成果为新时代国防动员体系的高质量发展提供了重要启示。

中国台湾光复后实行行政长官公署制的核心原因、利弊得失与启迪

1945年,国民政府突然将中国台湾光复后实行的行政体制从“省制”改为“特殊省制”。一般认为此是陈仪主导的中国台湾调查委员会设计所致,但随着史料的解密,发现中国台湾调查委员会的设计意见及方案是“果”,导致该转变的核心原因是美国军事占领中国台湾计划的改变。作为“特殊省制”,中国台湾省行政长官公署的组织架构和行政长官权力类似于日本殖民时期的“台湾总督府”,带给中国台湾人民强烈的殖民遗绪之感,为“二二八”事件的爆发埋下隐患。光复初期,中国台湾实行“特殊省制”固然有其必然性和必要性,但中国台湾有别于祖国内地其他省区的特殊性更决定了其具有临时性和时效性。

基于LabVIEW的中程制导火箭数据采集系统研究

针对中程制导火箭数据采集系统存在的被采集数据种类繁多、数据量大、易丢失、依赖人工检测及实时处理难度大等问题,设计并实现了一种基于LabVIEW的优化数据采集系统。采用面向仪器系统的外围组件互连扩展可重构技术,解决了不同型号导弹测试系统的通用性问题。在硬件配置上,选用了适宜的高速数据传输板卡,确保了数据采集的高效性和准确性。通过在FPGA模块中添加相应时标,实现了模拟信号和RS-422数据在时间维度上的精确对比。在软件开发层面,利用LabVIEW图形化编程语言开发了上位机软件,采用消息队列处理架构实施结构化编程,实现了数据的综合管理和直观显示;具备自动分析信号状态、自动生成并显示报表功能,实现了半自动化测试流程。经实验验证,该系统能够满足军工测试台的制作标准要求。

北冬虫夏草(Cordyceps militaris)的研究应用概况(综述)

主要综述了近二十年来国内外对北冬虫夏草的研究应用概况，详细地介绍了北冬虫夏草及其代谢物质“虫草素”的来源，及在功能、药化、药理、临床应用方面的研究进展，北冬虫夏草的生物学特性和工厂化生产研究情况，以及影响北冬虫夏草人工高产栽培与工厂化生产的关键问题，同时也展示了北冬虫夏草的开发利用前景。

蛹虫草(Cordyceps militaris)对药物引起免疫抑制的拮抗作用

实验研究蛹虫草对环磷酰胺造成的小鼠免疫抑制的作用。实验选用天然冬虫夏草为阳性对照。给药方式为每天灌胃 0 .2 g生药水煎剂 ,7d后测定其生物学活性。实验结果表明 :小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬率由对照组的 13.97%提高到 2 2 .16 %;骨髓细胞的微核数目由对照组的 16 .6×10 -3 降低到 12 .3× 10 -3 ;外周血白细胞由对照组的 70 %提高到 83%。结果证实 :蛹虫草具有明显的拮抗由环磷酰胺造成的免疫抑制的作用 ,与冬虫夏草比较有相似的生物学活性 ,某些作用明显高于冬虫夏草 ,为蛹虫草的医学应用提供了一定的理论依据。

蛹虫草Cordyceps militaris JN168产虫草素液态发酵条件的优化

利用单因素筛选和响应面法对蛹虫草Cordyceps militaris JN168产虫草素的液态发酵培养基进行优化,以确定蛹虫草产虫草素的最佳发酵培养基配方。结果表明,蛹虫草产虫草素的最佳碳源为葡萄糖,最适质量浓度为40 g/L;最佳氮源为牛肉膏,最适质量浓度15 g/L;加入的无机盐及其添加量分别为MgSO40.76 g/L,K2HPO40.63 g/L,CaCl20.66 g/L,Na2HPO40.67 g/L。优化后发酵液中虫草素质量浓度达到633.47 mg/L,是优化前的6倍。

蛹虫草Cordyceps militaris JN168菌株的诱变育种及液态发酵产虫草素

利用离子束、亚硝基胍及离子束-亚硝基胍诱变法处理蛹虫草Cordyceps militaris JN168,初步获得了几株较高产虫草素的菌株。通过进一步筛选得到复合诱变菌2,并对该菌的液态发酵培养基组分进行了优化。实验结果表明:蛹虫草液态发酵产虫草素的最佳培养基组分为(g/L),葡萄糖40,酵母浸粉25,Mg SO4·7H2O 0.6,K2HPO4·3H2O 0.6,KH2PO40.6。优化后虫草素产量提高了5倍,最高达1 045.65 mg/L。